Настоящее совершенно-длительное время
(The Present Perfect Continuous Tense)
Образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола to be в Present Perfect (have been/has been) и Present Participle основного глагола.
| Утвердительная форма | Вопросительная форма | Отрицательная форма |
| I (you) have been asking, writing. | Have I (you) been asking, writing? | I (you) have not been asking, writing. |
| He (she, it) has been asking, writing. | Has he (she, it) been asking, writing? | He (she, it) has not been asking, writing. |
| We (you, they) have been asking, writing. | Have we (you, they) been asking, writing? | We (you, they) have not (haven't) been asking, writing. |
Present Perfect Continuous употребляется для выражения действия, которое началось в прошлом, продолжается в момент речи и, возможно, будет продолжаться далее.
Глаголы в Present Perfect Continuous на русский язык переводятся глаголами настоящего времени. В предложениях с глаголами в Present Perfect Continuous обычно употребляются следующие обстоятельственные слова и выражения:
1. for an hour (for month, for a year, etc.) в течение часа, месяца, недели (уже час, месяц, неделю); for a long time давно; lately, of late (в) последнее время.
We have been waiting here for a long time.– Мы давно уже ждем здесь.
My friend has been studying English for two years.– Мой друг уже два года изучает английский.
I have been working very hard of late(lately).– Последнее время я работаю очень напряженно.
2. since с тех пор; ever since с тех самых пор.
He bought his car in 1990 and has been driving it(ever)since.– Он купил машину в 1990 году и ездит на ней с тех (самых) пор.
3. в вопросительных предложениях: How long? Since when? Сколько времени? С каких пор?
How long have you been studying English?– Как долго (сколько времени) вы изучаете английский?
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Since when have you been waiting for them?– С какого времени вы их ждете?
Exercises
Put the verb in brackets into Present Perfect Continuous.
1. I (work) on this problem for two months. 2. She (sleep) all this time? 3. You (talk) this nonsense all day long. 4. Any news about your latest project? – I just (tell) about it. 5. He says he (not / feel) well for the past week. 6. You are red all over. How long you (lie) in the sun today? 7. I (try) to get you all day, George! 8. I (not / sleep) well for months. 9. We (see) each other regularly since the party at Helen's. 10. Jack isn't working now. – He (not / work) for years.
Translate into English.
1. Ты давно меня ждешь? 2. Вы опять дрались? 3. Как давно у вас болит нога? 4. Он занимается уже три часа. 5. Я учу испанский с сентября.
6. Анна ищет работу шесть месяцев. 7. Мой брат курит десять лет. 8. Они работают в Манчестере с 1 марта. 9. Какой глубокий снег! Сколько времени шел снег? 10. У тебя глаза красные. Ты плакала? 11. Сколько времени ты занимаешься игрой в шахматы? 12. Как давно вы живете в этом городе?
Use Present Continuous or Present Perfect Continuous.
1. He had barely entered the room when his secretary said: "Somebody (ring) for you for the last five minutes". 2. I (read) Shakespeare in your absence and now I (try) to learn this beautiful sonnet. 3. What the children (do)? – They (play) games all morning and now they (learn) to tell time by the position of the sun. 4. Our friends (leave). – How long they (stay) with you? 5. What you (think) about? – I (not / think), I (count) the birds in the sky. 6. Where's my daughter? – She (talk) to a policeman. – What's happened? – She (drive) without a license. 7. What you (do) to yourself since I've been away? 8. Florence, dear, I (look) for you everywhere. – What's happened? – Mr Cusak (wait) for you in the house.
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Translate into English.
1. Мужчина у окна смотрит на нас. – Да, и что из этого? – Я его встречаю в библиотеке в последнее время. 2. Куда ты так торопишься? – Мама ждет меня у метро уже пять минут. 3. Вы читаете эту газету? 4. Которая из девушек Аня? – На ней красное платье. 5. Я ношу эти туфли уже два года. Они очень удобные. 6. Кого вы ждете? 7. Давно вы его ждете? 8. Что вы слушаете? 9. Она преподает английский с прошлого года. 10. Она учит меня английскому языку. 11. Я проявлял фотографии весь день. 12. Я проявляю наши летние фотографии. 13. Кому ты машешь (рукой)?
Put the verbs in brackets into Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous.
1. Many people believe that our climate (change) very markedly. 2. I (collect) the pictures with bridges since I graduated from the University. Now I (collect) enough to organize an interesting exhibition. 3. She (read) a fairy tale to the children since breakfast. They (not / finish) yet. 4. Those people (wait) for
a tram for the last fifteen minutes. I'm afraid, they don't know that the electricity (go) out. 5. What (happen) to Mary? John (ring) her up the whole evening and nobody (answer). 6. "You (come) out at last", he said. "Well, I (stand) here long, and (listen) to the nightingale". 7. So, you (arrive). We just (speak) of you.
8. How long you (know) about it? – I (know) it all the time. 9. Why you (turn) off the music? – I (play) the records for hours; I'm tired now. 10. I definitely (decide) to give Pendle up.
Keys
1. 1. have been working; 2. Has she been sleeping; 3. have been talking; 4. have just been telling; 5. hasn't been feeling; 6. have you been lying; 7. have been trying; 8. haven't been sleeping; 9. have been seeing; 10. hasn't been working.
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2. 1. Have you been waiting for me long? 2. Have you been fighting again?
3. How long has your foot been hurting you? 4. He has been studying for three hours already. 5. I have been learning Spanish since September. 6. Ann has been looking for a job for six months. 7. My brother has been smoking for ten years. 8. They have been working in Manchester since the 1st of March. 9. How deep the snow is! How long has it been snowing? 10. Your eyes are red. Have you been crying? 11. How long have you been playing chess? 12. How long have you been living in this town?
3. 1. has been ringing; 2. have been reading, am trying; 3. are the children doing, have been playing, are learning; 4. are leaving, have they been staying; 5. are you thinking, 'm not thinking, 'm counting; 6. is talking, has been driving;
7. have you been doing; 8. have been looking, is waiting.
4. 1. is looking at, so he is, have been meeting... lately; 2. are you hurrying, has been waiting for; 3. Are you reading; 4. is wearing; 5. have been wearing; 6. are you waiting for; 7. Have you been waiting for him long; 8. are you listening to; 9. has been teaching; 10. is teaching; 11. have been developing; 12. am developing; 13. are you waving to.
5. 1. has changed; 2. have been collecting; have collected; 3. has been reading; have not finished; 4. have been waiting, has gone out; 5. has happened, has been ringing, has answered; 6. have come, have been standing, listening; 7. have arrived, have just been speaking; 8. have you known, have known; 9. have you turned, 've been playing; 10. 've definitely decided.
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