Система видовременных форм глаголов (Passive Voice)
| Исходная форма | Present | Past | Future |
| Indefinite to be written | The letters are written regularly. Письма пишутся регулярно. | The letters were written yesterday. Письма были написаны вчера. | The letters will be written tomorrow. Письма будут написаны завтра. |
| Continuous to be being writing | The letters are being written at the moment. В данный момент письма пишутся. | The letters were being written when he asked for them. Письма писали, когда он спросил о них. | |
| Perfect to have been written | The letter has just been written. Письмо только что написано. | The letters had been written when he asked for them. Письма уже написали, когда он спросил про них. | The letters will have been written when he asks for them. Письма напишут к тому времени, когда он спросит о них. |
Exercises
Practice saying these sentences and answer the questions.
1. a) The secretary will mail these letters tomorrow. b) These letters will be mailed tomorrow, and what about these ones? 2. a) Someone ought to wash those dishes right away. b) Those dishes ought to be washed right away, and what about these ones? 3. a) The factory produced 5.000 cars every day last year. b) 5.000 cars were produced every day last year, and what about this year? 4. a) People drink a great deal of tea in England. b) A great deal of tea is drunk in England, and what about your country? 5. a) Craftsmen make many beautiful objects of paper in Japan. b) Many beautiful objects of paper are made in Japan, and what about India? 6. a) They used to sell medicine here. b) Medicine is used to be sold here, and where is it sold now? 7. a) You must return these books within a fortnight. b) These books must be returned within a fortnight, and what about those ones? 8. a) A gang of workmen built this house in 1840. b) This house was built in 1840, and what about that one?
Put the sentences into the Passive Voice where possible.
1. Someone will drive you to the airport.
2. Goldfish live in fresh water.
3. The Egyptians built pyramids.
4. We walked 4 miles yesterday.
5. They arrived at 7 last night.
6. They informed me about it.
7. I slept till 8.
8. It's raining.
9. You must obey the rules.
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10. He's sneezing again.
11. You can buy videos like this anywhere.
12. Someone has to write the history of this place.
13. They have sold their car to pay the debts.
14. They hold a meeting in the village hall once a week.
15. They have proved that there is no life on the Moon.
16. They owe a lot of money to the bank.
Put the verbs in brackets into Past Indefinite or Past Continuous Passive.
Model: 1. They (shut) the window. – The window was shut.
2. A beautiful melody (play). – A beautiful melody was being played.
1. The student (ask) to tell the story again. 2. Such mistakes (make) by even the best students. 3. A modern tune (play) when we came into the hall. 4. Every morning the workers (tell) what they had to do. 5. The houses (build) of stone, brick and wood. 6. At last the problem (solve) to everyone's satisfaction. 7. A new museum now (open). 8. A week ago two students of our group (choose) for jury service. 9. A special rule (make) for students to be taken to the University. 10. Last Friday he (meet) at the railway station. 11. When Tom was young, he (teach) two languages.
Express the following sentences in the Passive. Do not mention the subjects of the active verbs.
Model: They asked me my name and address. – I was asked my name and address.
1. Someone told us a very funny story yesterday. 2. The people gave him
a hearty welcome. 3. They have offered my brother a very good job. 4. The house agents showed us some very nice flats. 5. The secretary didn't tell me the exact time of my appointment. 6. They have never taught that rude boy good manners. 7. The teacher hasn't asked Peter any questions at this lesson. 8. People wished the newly married couple a long and happy life. 9. They never tell me the family news. 10. The examiners didn't give us enough time to answer all the questions. 11. A guide will show the tourists most of the sights of London.
12. He didn't tell me the whole truth.
Write the sentences in the Passive.
Model: my sister / operate on / a distiguished surgeon
– My sister will be operated on by a distiguished surgeon.
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1. a sound of violin / hear / in the hall
2. he / praise / his father / work hard
3. Bob / take for / his brother
4. I / wake up / at 7 o'clock / my mother
5. the envelope / find / on my desk
6. this book / buy / a week ago
7. the picture / paint / great artist
8. the window / break / the other day
9. the letter / post / tomorrow
10. your report / discuss / next week
11. the time-table / change / in a week
12. we / meet / at the station / Tom
13. the letter / bring / recently
14. milk / spill / just / Jack
15. this cup / break / my little brother
16. the room / dust / carefully
17. she / show / the shortest way / station
18. the lecturer / ask / question / about Dryzer
19. I / lend / this book / last Tuesday
20. a telegram / send / her brother
21. the doctor / send for
22. the teacher / listen to / attentively
23. his speech / speak about / much
24. this article / refer to / often
25. the plan / agree upon
26. his lecture / listen to / with great interest
27. he / find fault with / always
28. this house / live in / never
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