Краткое сообщение на иностранном языке по теме «Logistics services»
| Одобрен на заседании ПЦК от «__»__________2017 г. протокол № _____ Председатель __________Жукова Т.С. | ЭКЗАМЕНАЦИОННЫЙ БИЛЕТ № 10 по специальности: 190701 «Организация перевозок и управление на транспорте (автомобильном)» дисциплина : «Иностранный язык» | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Руководитель учебного подразделения СПО ________Прошева Н.Н. |
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From the History of Russian Automobile Engineering
The automobile industry in our country has been developed since 1916. Before that time Russia had no automobile industry at all. But in the history of the automobile such names as Shamshurenkov, Blinov, Mamin and other Russian experts in mechanics must be remembered.
The first automobile built by Shamshurenkov, a Russian inventor, was put into motion by the pedalling of the driver himself. Blinov designed and constructed tractor driven by steam engine. Mamin was one of the pioneers in Russian internal combustion engines.
Today Russian automobiles are engineered and built in such a manner that they are able to withstand heavy loads for long periods of operation. The passenger's safety and comfort must be considered as much as the car's reliable performance and ability to travel on the highways.
1. Since what time has the automobile industry been developed in our country?
2. Who are the most famous Russian experts in mechanics?
3. How was the first automobile put into motion?
4. How are Russian automobiles engineered and built today?
Краткое сообщение на иностранном языке по теме «Vehicles».
| Одобрен на заседании ПЦК от «__»__________2017 г. протокол № _____ Председатель __________Жукова Т.С. | ЭКЗАМЕНАЦИОННЫЙ БИЛЕТ № 11 по специальности: 190701 «Организация перевозок и управление на транспорте (автомобильном)» дисциплина : «Иностранный язык» | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Руководитель учебного подразделения СПО ________Прошева Н.Н. |
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Transport in the United States
The development of transport facilities was very important in the growth of the United States. The first travel routes were natural waterways. No surfaced roads existed until the 1790s, when the first highways were built. Besides the overland roads, many canals were constructed between the late 18th century and 1850 to link navigable rivers and lakes in the eastern United States and in the Great Lakes region.
Steam railways began to appear in the East in the 1820s. The first transcontinental railway was constructed between 1862 and 1869 by the Union Pacific and Central Pacific companies, both of which received large subsidies from the federal government. Transcontinental railways were the chief means of transport used by European settlers who populated the West in the latter part of the 19th century. The railways continued to expand until 1917, when their length reached a peak of about 407, 000 km. Since then motor transport became a serious competitor to the railway both for passengers and freight.
1. When were the first highways built in the USA?
2. For what purpose were many canals constructed in the 18th and 19th centuries?
3. When was the first transcontinental railway constructed?
4. Why were transcontinental railways so important in the latter part of the 19th century?
Краткое сообщение на иностранном языке по теме «Logistics services».
| Одобрен на заседании ПЦК от «__»__________2017 г. протокол № _____ Председатель __________Жукова Т.С. | ЭКЗАМЕНАЦИОННЫЙ БИЛЕТ № 12 по специальности: 190701 «Организация перевозок и управление на транспорте (автомобильном)» дисциплина : «Иностранный язык» | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Руководитель учебного подразделения СПО ________Прошева Н.Н. |
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Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык. Ответьте на вопросы.
Automobile Production
All specialists in automobile industry must know that the production of the automobile comprises the following phases: 1. designing; 2. working out the technology of manufacturing processes; 3. laboratory tests; 4.road tests; 5. mass manufacturing (production). It is important to know them, as before the automobile is put into mass production it should be properly designed and the car must meet up-to-date requirements.
The automobile must have high efficiency, long service life, driving safety, ease of handling and maintenance, pleasant appearance. Also it must be comfortable and ecological. In order to obtain these qualities the specialists should develop up-to-date methods of designing cars using new types of resistant to corrosion light materials.
The modern automobile must be rapid in acceleration, have smooth acting clutch, silent gearbox, dependable braking and steering systems, dependable ignition system, low fuel consumption and be stable on the road.
1. What should automobile specialists know?
2. What requirements must modern automobiles meet?
3. When are automobile units subjected to road tests?
4. What materials should be used for automobiles?
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