V. Перепишите текст и переведите его на русский язык (письменно). THE MODERN FARM TRACTOR

THE MODERN FARM TRACTOR

Tractors may be classified according to type of engine, how the fuel gets into the cylinder. An internal combustion engine is one in which the fuel is burned, and the power is generated within a closed cylinder. An external combustion engine is one in which the fuel is burned outside of the cylinder, and the power generated is released through the cylinder.

The engine used may be of two or four cycles, single or multiple cylinder, low, medium or high compression. It requires constant, systematic care and maintenance for the greatest efficiency and long life.

The modern farm tractor is the result of many years of development. Its present

efficiency is possible because of engineering progress in design, metallurgy, fuels,

lubricants, manufacturing methods and in many other respects.

The farm tractor is capable of working long hours at capacity loads in the heat and dust of summer or in the cold and snow of winter. Long continued good performance depends upon the operator. A careless operator can allow tractor motor to ruin itself in a few minutes, whereas a careful operator can prolong indefinitely the useful life and efficiency of a similar motor. Small difficulties are to be prevented from becoming large ones, which may be time consuming and expensive.

Вариант 4

I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на неопределенные местоимения some, any, no и их производные. ( § 1)

1. Some of these farm machines are not in good condition.

2. This machine is very easy to use. Anyone can learn how to operate it.

3. Has your farm any new soil cultivating implements?

4. This load-lifting machine can be used anywhere in farm and municipal activity.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения. Выпишите причастия, определите их функции. Переведите предложения на русский язык. (§ 4)

Образец: Designing new cars engineers use advancedtechnologies.-

designing – Participle I, обстоятельство

advanced – Participle II, определение

Конструируя новые автомобили, инженеры используют передовые технологии.

1. The Internet technology was suggested and developed by Vinton Cerf in 1973.

2. It is important to know plant structure making the feeds for dairy cows.

3. The clutch installed in our typical tractors may be operated by means of a foot pedal.

4. The first steam engine in England was used when pumping water from local wells.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркивая в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое. Определите видовременную форму и залог сказуемого и переведите предложения на русский язык. (§ 2)

Образец:This company has started to produce its vehicles in our country.–

has started – Present Perfect Active

Эта компания начала производить свои автомобили в нашей стране.

1. Every year the plant plans to make 1.700 tractors that will drive field machines later.

2. The assembly-line production of cars was invented by Henry Ford.

3. This machine has not worked for years, as nobody can fix it for our farm.

4. An improved model of a light tractor was recently presented by the Ford Company.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркивая в каждом из них модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык. ( § 3)

1. These methods may be carried out in various ways in our region.

2. Agricultural machines are to operate under very harsh conditions.

3. Every owner of a truck must know general principles of its work.

4. Parks and gardens can grow and bring fruits even on poor soils of extreme north.

V. Перепишите текст и переведите его на русский язык (письменно).

IMPLEMENTS FOR HARVESTING CROPS

Most cereal crops are harvested by using a combine – a machine that removes the fruiting heads, beats off the grain kernels, and cleans the grain as the combine moves through the fields. The cleaned grain is accumulated in an attached grain tank.

Wheat and other cereal crops are harvested by a combine which, as it moves along the rows, picks the ears from the stalks and husks them. The ears are then transferred either to a sheller, which removes the kernels from the ear, or to a vehicle trailing behind the machines.

Hay harvesting usually requires several steps. First, the hay is cut close to the ground with a mover. After drying in the sun, most hay is baled. In baling, the pick-up baler lifts the hay to a conveyor that carries it to a baling chamber, which compresses the hay into bales weighing up to 57 kg or more and ties each bale with heavy twine or wire.

Specialized machinery is also used to harvest large root crops such as potatoes and sugar beet and to harvest fruits and vegetables. Some mechanical fruit-pickers that are used to harvest tree fruits, such as plums, cherries, and apricots shake the fruit tree, causing the fruit to fall on to a raised catching frame that surrounds the tree.

Due to the use of agricultural machinery the average amount of labour per hectare to produce and harvest crops has fallen to a quarter of what was required a few decades ago.

Вариант 5

I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на неопределенные местоимения some, any, no и их производные. ( § 1)

1. All these dairy machines are in good condition. You can use any of them on your farm.

2. Could you name some advantages of this model of a reversible plow over other ones?

3. Anybody knows that man. He is a famous inventor of farm implements.

4. This harvesting machine has no modifications.

Образец: Designing new cars engineers useadvanced technologies.-

designing – Participle I, обстоятельство

advanced – Participle II, определение

Конструируя новые автомобили, инженеры используют передовые технологии.

1. Our farm has modernized its worn-out combine and a couple of tractors too.

2. Reading foreign agricultural journals we learn more about new farm machinery.

3. On combine harvesters the engine and the transmission are mounted to a rigid frame.

4. There are a lot of innovative projects dealing with farm machinery coming next month.

Образец:This company has started to produce its vehicles in our country.–

has started – Present Perfect Active

Эта компания начала производить свои автомобили в нашей стране.

1. These hay conditioning machines work fast and can turn a wide stripe of material easily.

2. Advanced technology has given us a machine that is very flexible - a combine.

3. In 1940 primitive self-propelled harvesting machines came into popular use.

4. The combine will be modified as soon as engineers agree on all the construction points.

1. A significant change in one area of the combine may cause problems in other areas.

2. Because of high speeds and heavy load parts rapidly wear out and cars have to be repaired.

3. When designing this harrow, the engineer ought to consider many points.

4. This combine part can be attached or removed in a few minutes by one man.

Дата добавления: 2018-02-28; просмотров: 1017; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы!

Поделиться с друзьями:

⇐ Предыдущая 1 2 3 456 Следующая ⇒

Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!