Translate the sentences into Russian. 1. The softer-than-expected retail sales numbers last month suggest some cooling in consumer spending in the fourth quarter after solid gains in the
1. The softer-than-expected retail sales numbers last month suggest some cooling in consumer spending in the fourth quarter after solid gains in the July-September period.
2. China’s exports fell 10 percent year-on-year in September, worse than expected, while imports unexpectedly shrank, reviving concerns about the health of the world’s second biggest economy.
3. With Indonesia’s arms imports up threefold since 2010, according to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, competition between suppliers is brutal.
4. Double-digit wage increases are crimping productivity and may encourage inflation, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
5. A price war has broken out, with discounts of up to 30%, as carmakers desperately try to cut inventories.
6. The US economy is already sluggish and fragile, even as it enjoys one of the longest-ever periods of growth.
7. But any stimulus to British exports from a devalued currency is likely to be offset by higher prices for imported goods.
8. Recent weakness in industrial output and second-quarter data showing the economy ground to a halt suggest Japan’s demand for commodities could potentially weaken further.
9. China also reported higher-than-expected inflation in September for consumers and producers alike, with producer prices rising for the first time since January 2012.
10. German retail sales have fallen at their fastest pace in two years, suggesting that consumer confidence in Europe’s largest economy may be weakening.
11. Inflation will hurt consumers, while an even stronger dollar depresses exports.
12. The Federal Reserve still intends to raise its benchmark interest rate this year, barring unpleasant surprises, the Fed chairwoman, Janet L. Yellen, said on Thursday.
13. With all the great news on the economy, you’d think the dollar would be soaring. Yet the once mighty buck is crumbling.
14. In a recent report on Japan, economists at the IMF attributed some of consumers’ reluctance to open their purses to their worries how Japan’s dire fiscal position – debt now stands at 246% of GDP – could affect their future income.
15. Should Mr Trump want to signal an aggressive stance, he could move against imports of steel and aluminum from China.
16. Three-quarters of British food manufacturers said they have seen an increase in the price of imported ingredients, according to a survey published earlier this week.
17. With its income likely to fall by half this year, a burden of state subsidies that consumes 13% of GDP, and youth unemployment already pushed to 25%, it is no wonder that Algeria’s government recently called for an emergency meeting of OPEC to find a way to boost prices.
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18. Even if Teva’s profit margins take a hit due to increased generic sales, the company may well make up the difference in volume.
19. Orders to US factories for long-lasting manufactured goods dropped in May, reversing two months of gains and delivering more bad news for American manufacturers.
20. Many of Chinese firms are copycats cranking out commodity chemicals. For most of the main types of chemicals factories have been running well below capacity. Even so, Chinese firms are still increasing their potential output.
TOPICAL VOCABULARY UNIT V
1. to compete
· competitor
syn. rival
· would-be/ potential competitor
· competition (strong, stiff, severe, fierce, tough, cutthroat)
· [non]price competition
· [im]perfect competition
· monopolistic competition
· competitive
· competitive advantage
syn. (competitive) edge
· competitive environment
· competitiveness
· to beat a competitor
· to undercut a competitor
· to withstand / fend off competition
· to encounter/ face competition
2. to allocate
· allocation
3. to substitute (for)
· substitute (n)
· substitution
4. cost (s)
· cost leadership
· cost advantage
5. to absorb
6. profit margin
7. target market / customer
8. differentiation
· product differentiation
9. value-for-money
10. a bargain
11. superior / inferior
12. monopoly / oligopoly / monopsony / oligopsony / natural monopoly / pure competition
13. to charge a price
14. price-taker
15. to command a premium price
16. price discrimination
17. price fixing
18. price war
19. pricing power
20. market power / clout
21. unfair business practices
22. to impede
· impediment
23. to jokey (for)
24. market leader
· market challenger
· market follower
25. a runner-up
26. a counterpart
27. counterfeit
28. niche
· to niche
· niche (adj) market / customer
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· market nicher
29. market saturation
30. a crowded market
31. to conform (to)
32. antitrust laws/regulation/ regulator/ case
33. regulatory authority
34. a penalty
35. to scrutinize
· scrutiny
36. to outperform/ to surpass/ to outweigh
37. to lag behind/ to fall behind
38. to cannibalize
39. to woo/ to lure customers
PRaCTICE TESTS
QUIZ (20 minutes)
I. Переведите следующие словосочетания на русский язык:
1. economic output
2. durable goods
3. growth rate
4. boom and bust
5. higher interest rate
6. consumer spending
7. to boost retail sales
8. capital goods
9. leading indicators
10. annual output
II. Переведите следующие словосочетания на английский язык:
1. благоприятнаяэкономическаяситуация
2. с учетоминфляции
3. снижениеобъемовпродажкомплектующих
4. наметитьориентирынаследующийгод
5. повышатьуровеньжизнинаселения
6. росткурсаиностраннойвалюты
7. ВВП в реальномвыражении
8. ускорениетемповинфляции
9. избыточныемощности
10. удовлетворитьвнутреннийспрос
III. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык:
1. Combined GDP in the BRICs will rise to more than $14 trillion this year from $2.8 trillion in 2002, according to the IMF.
2. Sharply rising demand for Australian coal has left port facilities far behind.
FinalTest (90 minutes)
Переведите текст на русский язык с использованием словаря.
Indonesia’s Gross Domestic Product Grows 4.73% in Third Quarter
Indonesia’s economy expanded at a slightly faster clip in the third quarter as increased government spending helped lift economic growth from a six-year low.
The improved performance offers some respite for President Joko Widodo, who has struggled to deliver the accelerated growth he promised amid legislative hurdles and a slowdown in China, Indonesia’s largest market for commodities.
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Southeast Asia’s biggest economy grew 4.73% in the July-to-September period from a year earlier, compared with a 4.67% growth rate in the second quarter. The $800 billion economy grew 3.21% from the previous three months after a 3.78% expansion in the second quarter, the official Central Statistics Agency said Thursday.
Yet, growth was below the 5.8% average recorded over the past decade, and fell short of many economists’ expectations. Economists polled by The Wall Street Journal had forecast GDP growth of 4.8% from a year earlier and 3.28% from the previous quarter, raising concerns of the continuity of the growth acceleration.
The statistics agency said government spending improved 6.56% in the third quarter from a year earlier. Household consumption, which accounted for 55% of the gross domestic products in the third quarter, advanced 4.96% in the July-September period from a year earlier. It stayed steady from the 4.97% growth in the second quarter.
Since late September, Mr. Widodo has introduced a raft of policies to make it easier to invest in the country and boost household purchasing power, measures his administration hopes will help drive economic growth.
Weaker-than-expected growth recovery in the third quarter strengthens the case for the central bank to cut interest rates, economists said.
www.wsj.com
ExamCard
Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык:
1. Falling sales in European markets were offset by stronger performance in Asia.
2. Such production inputs as cheap labor and sufficient raw materials account for more outsourced jobs in the region.
3. With strong manufacturing, today multinationals enjoy the benefits of ‘just-in-time’ production scheme.
4. The new safeguards may boost consumer prices, which for several years have been under pressure due to worldwide weaker demand.
5. The EU accounted for almost a half of Russia’s trade in 2010, with the total at about $300bn, according to Renaissance Capital.
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6. Fewer subsidies and import duties would encourage increased food production and exports, the WTO argues.
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