Ex. 8. Read the following texts and use them as the basis for your interview. Work in pairs. Discuss telecommunication facilities, their development and advantages
Telephones are as much a form of infrastructure as roads or electricity, and competition will make them cheaper. Losses from lower prices will be countered by higher usage, and tax revenue will benefit from the faster economic growth that telephones bring about. Most important of all, by cutting out the need to install costly cables and microwave transmitters, the new telephones could be a boon to the remote and poor region of the earth. Even today, half the world’s population lives more than two hour away from a telephone, and that is one reason why they find it hard to break out of their poverty. A farmer’s call for advice could save a whole crop; access to a handset could help a small rural business sell its wares. And in rich places with reasonable telephone systems already in place, the effect of new entrants – the replacement of bad, overpriced services with clever, cheaper ones – is less dramatic but still considerable.
Global phones are not going to deliver all these benefits at once, or easily. Indeed, if the market fails to develop, it could prove too small to support the costs of launching satellites. Still, that is a risk worth taking. And these new global telephones reflect a wider trend. Lots of other new communication services – on-line film libraries, personal computers that can send video-clips and sound-bites as easily as they can be used for writing letters, terrestrial mobile-telephone system cheap enough to replace hard-wired family sets – are already technically possible. What they all need is deregulation. Then any of them could bring about changes just as unexpected and just as magical as anything that Alexander Graham Bell’s telephone has already achieved.
Ex. 9. Check the knowledge of the terms by rendering the following texts in English. Make use of the Vocabulary notes.
Сингапур приступил к испытаниям электронной системы, которая будет взимать плату с автомобилистов за пользование улицами Сингапура – аналогично тому, как сейчас взимается плата за воду или за электричество.
Идея состоит в том, что в каждом транспортном средстве имеется устройство, в которое вставляется специальная карточка. Всякий раз, когда автомобиль пересекает электронный контрольный пост, детектор автоматически «снимает» с карточки владельца плату за пользование данной дорогой. В настоящее время рассматриваются три вида оплаты: пошлина за въезд, плата за километраж и плата, зависящая от степени интенсивности дорожного движения на данном участке
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Как полагают, новая система, которая должна быть принята в эксплуатацию после 1996 года, станет первой в своём роде. В испытаниях будут использоваться различные типы транспортных средств (легковые автомобили, автобусы, грузовики и мотоциклы) на различных скоростях, в различных погодных условиях и при различной интенсивности дорожного движения.
UNIT XIII
Text I. Testing the market-finding out
The first step you take as a potential exporter, before spending time, effort and money on trying to develop overseas sales, is to establish that there is such a demand for your product. Whether you wish to sell goods or services, it is still vital to establish that an overseas market does actually exist.
It is not generally difficult to find out the overseas market prospects for a product. If your company has a showroom or has been promoting its products at trade fairs, exhibitions and seminars in the UK, you will probably already have had some contact with overseas buyers and other foreign visitors. You should have kept yourself informed of the UK market for your product by reading the relevant sections of the trade press. Doing so will probably have given you a good idea if there is some interest in your type of product overseas.
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Where to find information and advice
Once you have decided through reading, talking and listening to other people that there are export possibilities for the company’s products, then is the time to assess the prospects more systematically. A good start can be made by consulting relevant books and publications in addition to making contact with people who already know the overseas market for your particular product. The central libraries in most major towns and even smaller local libraries will stock many trade and product journals and directories. The Statistics and Market Intelligence Library also provides detailed import and export statistics by each individual country.
In all likelihood there will be a trade association which your company can join. This will undoubtedly have an export committee which can give advice on the potential markets you are interested in. It is probably that companies with products in the same commercial or industrial sector, and who are already exporting, will give advice on export market opportunities. This is, of course, providing that your products would not be competing for the same business as theirs.
The British Overseas Trade Board (BOTB) gives excellent advice on export market opportunities. You would be well advised to make contact with your local regional office to obtain as much specific information as possible. The Export intelligence Service (EIS) of the BOTB also publishes information regularly on a wide variety of export opportunities in many overseas markets.
Other sources of information include the international division of the major clearing banks and local Chambers of Commerce which have an export information service. As part of this desk research it is helpful to draw up a questionnaire detailing the information required to establish whether or not there are markets abroad which will purchase your product. This question and answer process of analysis helps to introduce a systematic approach, which is essential for success.
Vocabulary notes
overseas –заморский
relevant –относящийся к делу, нужный
to assess –оценивать, определять
particular –особенный, конкретный
providing that –при условии, что…
likelihood –вероятность
to stock –комплектовать
directory –справочник
to draw up –составить
questionnaire –анкета
to purchase –закупать
approach –подход, политика
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