Phonetic stylistic devices.
Onomatopoeia – is a combination of a speech-sounds which aims at imitating sounds produced in nature, by things, by people and by animals.
Alliteration – SD, which aims at imparting a melodic effect to the utterance. The essence of this SD lies in repetition of similar sounds.
Rhyme – repetition of identical or similar terminal sound combination of words. Words are generally placed ay a regular distance from each other. Functions:
- adds a musical quality
- makes the poem easier to remember
Types of rhyme:
- the full rhyme (the same vowels and following consonants)
- incomplete rhyme (syllables in words are identical)
- broken rhyme (in consonants)
Models of rhyme:
1) couplets (AA)
2) triple rhyme (AAA)
3) cross rhyme (ABAB)
4) ring rhyme (ABBA)
Rhythm – combination of the ideal metrical scheme and the variations of it. Most common:
- iamb (one unstressed syllable followed by one un. syl.)
- trochee (one stressed syllable followed by one un.)
- anapest (two un. syl. followed by one st.)
- dactyl (one st. syl. followed by two un. syl.)
Graphon – intentional violation of the graphical shape of a word used to reflect its authentic pronunciation. Adds information about the speaker’s origin, social and education backgrounds or physical defects. Very popular with advertisers. Adds vividness and memorability.
All changes of type (italics, capitalization), spacing of graphemes (hyphenation, multiplication) refer to graphical means. Italics used to add logical or emotive significance. Intensity of speech is transmitted through the multiplication or capitalization.
Stylistic grammar.
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