Syntactical expressive means and SD.
A sentence can be of any length, as there are no limits. One-word sentences possess a very strong emphatic impact. If a sentence opens with the main clause, this sentence is called «loose». Similar structuring of the beginning and end of sentence produces balanced sentences known for stressing the logic and reasoning the content.
Punctuation is much poorer than intonation and with the help of dots, dashes, commas and other points we can specify the meaning of the written sentence, which in oral speech would be conveyed by the intonation.
Rhetorical questions don’t demand any information and are used to call the attention of listeners.
One of the most prominent places among the SDs dealing with arrangement of members belongs to repetition – recurrence of the same word or phrase:
- anaphora – repeating of the beginnings (A…, A…, A…)
- epiphora – repeating of the ends (…A, …A, …A)
- framing – the beginning is repeated in the end (A…A)
- catch repetition – the end of one sentence is repeated in the beginning of another (…A, A…)
- chain repetition – presents several catch repetitions (…A, A…B, B…C)
- successive repetition – repeated unit occurs in various positions (…A, A, A…)
Repetition adds rhyme and balance to the utterance.
Parallel constructions always include some type of several lexical repetitions; produce very strong effect.
Chiasmus – reversed parallelism; if the first sentence has a direct word order, the second will have it inverted.
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