Lexical Stylistic Devices
Metaphor – is transference of names based on the associated likeness between two objects. Both words possess at least one common semantic component.
Metonymy – is based on contiguity of objects or phenomena. Transference of names in metonymy proceeds from the fact that 2 objects have common grounds of existence in reality.
Irony – SD in which the contextual evaluative meaning of a word is directly opposite to its dictionary meaning. Irony doesn’t exist outside the context.
Zeugma - is a SD in which a word, usually a verb or an adjective, applies to more than one noun, blending together grammatically and logically different ideas.
Pun - is a play on words in which a humorous effect is produced by using a word that suggests two or more meanings or by exploiting similar sounding words having different meanings.
Decomposition of a set-phrase – SD in which direct and figurative meanings of a word within the set-phrase are realized at the same time.
Semantically false chains – is a variation of zeugma; the last member of the chain that falls out of the semantic group and producing humorous effect.
Nonsense of non-sequence - SD which include the statements, sayings and conclusions that do not follow the fundamental principles of logic and reason.
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