Классификация Phrasal verbs .
Phrasal verbs в различных словарях и пособиях классифицируются различными способами. В этом разделе дается их простая классификация, в которой выделяется 4 типа:
Тип 1: phrasal verb не имеет дополнения: take off, (a) make a start in jumping. (b) (of an aircraft) leave the ground and rise: The plane took off despite the fog.
Тип 2: дополнение находится между глаголом и предлогом: turn smth on, start the flow of (liquid, gas, current) by ~ing a tap, switch, etc: T~ the light / radio on. Дополнение может менять свое положение.
Тип 3: дополнение следует за предлогом: look for smb / smth, (a) search for; try to find: Are you still ~ing for a job? Дополнение не может менять своего места.
Тип 4: дополнение с двумя предлогами: look down on smb / smth, regard as inferior: Why do the English look down on everything foreign?
Упр.4.6.5. a . Сопоставьте phrasal verb из колонки А с его определением в колонке В. Ответьте на вопрос, к какому типу (2 или 3) они относяться.
A B
a. to talk over a problem 1. to recover from
b. to try out an idea 2. to experiment with
c. to go off a person / food 3. to cancel
d. to call off a meeting 4. to stop
e. to give up smoking 5. to discuss
f. to look into a problem 6. to care for
g. to get over an illness 7. to not accept
h. to turn down an offer 8. to not like any more
i. to look after a child 9. to investigate
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j. to work out a sum 10.to solve
Упр.4.6.5. b . Поставьте местоимение it на нужное место.
a. Jan had a problem with her finances, so we talked ___ over ____, and now it’s fine.
b. I had an idea for reorganizing the system. We tried ____ out ____, and it worked well.
c. I used to love ice cream, but since I found out how it’s made, I’ve really gone ___ off ___ .
d. We were due to have a meeting on Thursday, but we’ve had to call ___ off ____ because the chairperson’s ill.
e. I wish you wouldn’t smoke. Why don’t you give ____ up ____ .
f. I’m sorry to hear about your problem with the Tax Office. I promise I’ll look ___ into ___ as soon as possible.
g. The best thing for backaches is rest. Don’t worry. You’ll soon get ___ over ____ .
h. The job looks very attractive. You’d be a fool to turn ____ down ____ .
i. That ring is extremely valuable. Make sure you look ___ after ____ .
j. I need a calculator to see how much money I’ve got in my account. I can’t work ____ out ____ in my head.
Упр.4.6.5. c . Познакомьтесь со значениями словосочетания “ bring smb / smth up ”.
Bring smb / smth up, (a) educate; rear: She has brought up five children. If children are badly brought up they behave badly. (b) vomit: ~ up one’s dinner. (c) call attention to : These are facts that can always be brought up against you, used as evidence against you. These are matters that you can ~ up in committee. (d) (mil) summon to the front line: We need to ~ up more tanks. (e) ~ for trial: He was brought up on a charge of drunken driving. (f) cause to stop suddenly: His remarks brought me up short /sharp / with a jerk.
Какие из значений (a),(b),(c),(d),(e) или (f) использованы в следующих предложениях?
1. I thought you brought up a very interesting point at the end of the lecture
2. Her mother died in childbirth and she was brought up by her father.
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3. The war is going badly. We need to bring up more soldiers.
4. The journey was so bumpy that the baby couldn’t help bringing up her breakfast.
Упр.4.6.5. d. Закончите предложения одним из приведенных ниже словосочетаний. К какому типу относятся полученные phrasal verbs?
Away with on with down on up to back on up against
In with out of away from
a. We’ve run _________ sugar. Could you buy some more?
b. Please don’t let me disturb you. Carry ___________ your work.
c. We must try to cut ________ the amount of money we spend. We just can’t make ends meet.
d. Keep _____ me! I’ve got a terrible cold, and I don’t want to give it to you.
e. When I look _______ my childhood, I realize what a happy time it was.
f. She’s such a snob. She looks ____ people who have to work for their living.
g. The only people she looks _____ are her grandparents.
h. Children grow __________ their clothes so quickly. It costs a fortune to clothe them properly.
i. The government have come _______ a big problem in their economic policy. The unions won’t co-operate, and management doesn’t approve of what they’re trying to do.
j. Face _______ the facts, Joey, and stop living with your head in the clouds. You’ll never get anywhere if you don’t work at it.
k. The antique table is very beautiful, but it doesn’t fit _____ the rest of the furniture, which is modern.
l. He tries to get ______ doing nothing around the house by charming everyone, but they’ve all learnt his tricks.
Упр.4.6.5. e. В данном упражнении обе части phrasal verbs используются буквально. Заполните пропуски предложенными наречиями или предлогами.
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