Choose the correct answer a or b.
1. I (see) a light in your window as I (pass) by.
a) saw / passed b) was seeing / was passing
2. Yesterday as I (walk) down Cherry Lane, I (meet) Thomas, an old friend of mine.
a) was walking / met b) walked / was meeting
3. While my son (wait) for my call, somebody (knock) at the door.
a) waited / knocked b) was waiting / was knocking
4. We (just/talk) about him when he suddenly (come) in.
a) just talked / came in b) were just talking / was coming in
5. Yesterday while Dad (shave), he (cut) himself slightly.
a) shaved / cut b) was shaving / was cutting
6. They (quarrel) while they (wash) their car.
a) quarreled / washed b) were quarrelling / were washing
7. When I got up that morning, the sun (shine) brightly and the birds (sing).
a) shone / were singing b) was shining / sang
8.When you (ring) me yesterday, I (have) a bath.
a) was ringing / had b) rang / was having
9. At six o’clock I (wait) for Jennie at the station.
a) waited b) was waiting
10. I (sit) by the window when I (hear) the noise.
a) sat / heard b) was sitting / was hearing
I. Read the story and put the paragraphs in the correct order. Then explain the words in bold.
II. Read again and underline:
- words/phrases which describe the weather;
- adjectives which describe feelings;
- words which link actions/events;
- words/phrases which describe the atmosphere.
A) The two girls were very frightened. They jumped out of bed and ran onto the landing. Flames were slowly climbing up the stairs. The air was hot and thick with smoke. ‘You wake Mum and Dad’, said Kate. ‘I have to call the fire brigade.’
B) As soon as the fire was finally out, one of the fire fighters came over to Kate and Lucy. ‘You were very brave’ he said. ‘You acted very quickly. Well done!’ Everybody smiled. They were relieved that the nightmare was over.
C) It was a cool night and Kate was lying awake in bed. Her sister, Lucy, was sleeping peacefully on the other side of the room. She had come home late and was tired. Kate didn’t know what had woken her up, but she felt that something was wrong.
D) When the fire brigade arrived, the whole family were standing by an upstairs window. The fire fighters climbed up a ladder and carried them down to safety. Then they put out the fire with long hoses.
E) Suddenly she smelt a strange burning smell. She sat up in bed. ‘Lucy!’ she said. ‘What is it?’ Lucy asked, as she opened her eyes. ‘Can you smell smoke?’ asked Kate. Lucy sniffed the air. ‘Yes.’ She said. ‘Oh no! The house is on fire!’
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The Past Perfect Tense
(Прошедшее совершенное время)
Past Perfect обозначает действие, которое завершилось до некоего момента в прошлом:
I called Jim too late, he had already left.
Я позвонил Джиму слишком поздно, он уже ушел.
We had lived in Paris for 12 years before we moved to America.
До переезда в Америку мы прожили в Париже 12 лет.
Образование Past Perfect
Утвердительные предложения:
| I had played | We had played |
| You had played | You had played |
| He / she / it had played | They had played |
Время Past Perfect образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to have в прошедшем времени и причастия прошедшего времени значимого глагола, то есть его «третьей формы».
To have в прошедшем времени имеет единственную форму had.
Причастие второе, или причастие прошедшего времени (Participle II), можно получить, прибавив к начальной форме значимого глагола окончание -ed:
examine – examined, enjoy – enjoyed, close – closed
Однако в английском языке есть также достаточно большая группа неправильных глаголов, которые образуют форму прошедшего времени не по общим правилам.
Вопросительные предложения:
| Had I played? | Had we played? |
| Had you played? | Had you played? |
| Had he / she / it played? | Had they played? |
В вопросительном предложении вспомогательный глагол выносится на место перед подлежащим, а значимый глагол остается после него:
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Had you brushed your teeth before you went to bed?
Ты почистил зубы, прежде чем пойти спать?
Отрицательные предложения:
| I had not played | We had not played |
| You had not played | You had not played |
| He / she / it had not played | They had not played |
В отрицательных предложениях за вспомогательным глаголом следует отрицательная частица not. При этом они могут быть сокращены до формы hadn’t.
How did you hope to pass the exam if you had not (hadn’t) even opened the textbook?
Как ты надеялся сдать экзамен, если ты до этого даже учебник не открыл?
У потреблени е Past Perfect:
- Действие, закончившееся до определенного момента в прошлом, на который может указывать точная дата или час, начало другого действия или контекст:
After the Sun had set, we saw thousands of fireflies.
После того, как зашло солнце, мы увидели тысячи светлячков.
- Перечисление действий в прошлом, произошедших до времени повествования в целом:
I finally caught Lucky and looked around. The nasty dog had scratched the furniture, had torn the wallpapers and had eaten my lunch on the table.
Я наконец поймал Лаки и осмотрелся вокруг. Мерзкая собака исцарапала мебель, порвала обои и съела мой обед на столе.
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