Speak about the main sights of Moscow
| Red Square | Red Square is one of the most famous Russia's places of interest. It is located right in the heart of Moscow. Many significant buildings surround Red Square. There is the Kremlin, Lenin's Mausoleum, Saint Basil's Cathedral, GUM trading house and Kazan Cathedral there. The State Historical Museum is also located in the square. Red Square is the place where a lot of festivals are celebrated. |
| The Kremlin | The Kremlin is a fortified complex in the centre of Moscow. It is the main political and historical place of the city. The walls of the Kremlin are made in the form of an irregular triangle. The Troitskaya Tower is the tallest tower of the Kremlin. Its height is 80 metres. The Spasskaya Tower features the clock which is known as the Kremlin chimes. The Kremlin has 20 towers in total. Today the Kremlin is the official residence of the President of Russia. |
| Saint Basil's Cathedral | Saint Basil's Cathedral is located in Red Square. This Orthodox church is a world-famous landmark. The church was built in the XVI century by order of Ivan the Terrible. There are 11 domes in Saint Basil's Cathedral. Its height is 65 metres. In the XX century the church was open for public as a museum. It is one of the most recognizable tourist attractions. Saint Basil's Cathedral is included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. |
| The Bolshoi Theatre | The Bolshoi Theatre is one of the most renowned theatres in the world. It is located in the heart of Moscow in Theatre Square. The performances of ballet and opera are held there. The Bolshoi Theatre was founded in 1776. Since then more than 800 productions have been staged there. A lot of artists who work in the Bolshoi Theatre are awarded honorary titles. From 2005 to 2011 the theatre was closed for reconstruction. |
| The State Tretyakov Gallery | The State Tretyakov Gallery is one of the largest depositaries of Russian fine art in the world. It was founded in 1856 by Pavel Tretyakov, a Moscow merchant. At first the gallery was located in a mansion owned by the Tretyakov family but with the growth of the collection new extensions were added to the mansion. During the Great Patriotic War the collection was conveyed to Novosibirsk and in May 1945 returned to Moscow. |
| The Cathedral of Christ the Saviour | The Cathedral of Christ the Saviour was built in the XIX century. The cathedral is a memorial to those who died during the invasion of Napoleon Bonaparte. It took 44 years for the cathedral to be built. In 1931 it was destroyed and only in 1994-1997 rebuilt anew. The overall height of the cathedral is 103 metres. It is the tallest Orthodox church in the world. |
| Ostankino Tower | Ostankino Tower is the 8th tallest freestanding structure in the world and the tallest in Europe and Russia. Its height is 540,1 metres. Ostankino Tower is open for tourists. There is the Seventh Heaven restaurant and two observation platforms. One of the platforms is outdoor and the other one is indoor. There is also a concert hall in Ostankino Tower where different events are held. |
| The Moscow Metro | The first line of the Moscow Metro was opened in 1935. Today the Moscow Metro is the 5th busiest metro in the world. A lot of underground stations are landmarks. The Moscow Metro consists of 14 lines with 223 stations (2019). Nearly all of them are underground. During rush hours the minimum interval between trains is 90 seconds. |
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. London.
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Read and retell the text
The full name of the country the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom is situated on the British Isles. The British Isles consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and a great number of small islands. Their total area is over 314 000 sq. km. The British Isles are separated from the European continent by the North Sea and the English Channel. The western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea. Northern Ireland occupies one third of the island of Ireland. It borders on the Irish Republic in the south. The island of Great Britain consists of three main parts: England (the southern and middle part of the island), Wales (a mountainous peninsula in the West) and Scotland (the northern part of the island). 
There are no high mountains in Great Britain. In the north the Cheviots separate England from Scotland, the Pennines stretch down North England along its middle, the Cambrian mountains occupy the greater part of Wales and the Highlands of Scotland are the tallest of the British mountains. There is very little flat country except in the region known as East England. Most of the rivers flow into the North Sea. The Thames is the deepest and the longest of the British rivers. Some of the British greatest ports are situated in the estuaries of the Thames, Mersey, Trent, T Clyde and Bristol Avon. Great Britain is not very rich in mineral resources, it has some deposits of coal and iron ore and vast deposits of oil and gas that were discovered in the North Sea.
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The warm currents of the Atlantic Ocean influence the climate of Great Britain. Winters are not severely cold and. summers are rarely hot. The population of the United Kingdom is over 58 million people. The main nationalities are: English, Welsh, Scottish and Irish. In Great Britain there are a lot of immigrants from former British Asian and African colonies. Great Britain is a highly industrialized country. New industries have been developed in the last three decades. The main industrial centres are London, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool, Glasgow and Bristol. The capital of the country is London. The United Kingdom is a parliamentary monarchy.
Speak about London
The capital of Great Britain is full of popular and world-famous tourist attractions, both educational and entertaining. Most of them are located close to the river Thames, others are in different parts of London and in its suburbs. The city was founded about 2 000 years ago, so there are a lot of interesting historic and architectural sights.
Big Ben is the most famous iconic clock tower of the Houses of Parliament. Behind this long and beautiful building stands medieval Westminster Abbey where many historic weddings, coronations and burials took place. The Tower of London has rich history as a royal palace, a fortress, a prison and a place of execution. Not far from the Tower guests can see the magnificent architecture of St Paul’s Cathedral, originally designed by Sir Christopher Wren. In the middle of Trafalgar Square tourists stop to admire a 52-metre Nelson’s column dedicated to Admiral Lord Nelson. Buckingham Palace has been the official residence of British monarchs since the reign of Queen Victoria.
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London is famous for its wonderful museums and art galleries. In British Museum one can see ancient paintings, sculptures and even Egyptian mummies. London’s National Gallery has the greatest collection of paintings of Van Gogh, Leonardo da Vinci, Renoir and many others. The Natural History Museum boasts its fabulous dinosaur exhibition. Tate Modern is a unique museum with the works of Picasso, Dali and other modern artists. The Science Museum is a technology thought-provoking museum with interactive galleries devoted to many fields of science: from space travel to psychology.
As for the entertaining, it is impossible to get bored in London. The best places for quiet relaxation are traditional English parks and gardens. The tourists’ favourites are Kew Gardens, Hyde Park, St. James’s Park, Green Park and Kensington Gardens. Right in the heart of the capital we can find London Zoo and London Aquarium. In Madame Tussauds Museum visitors will meet face to face with hundreds of celebrities: from Shakespeare to Lady Gaga because it’s an amazing collection of wax figures. Warner Bros. Studio Tour is an unbelievable behind-the-scenes tour where we can enjoy the magic of the Harry Potter films. The London Eye is a giant wheel that carries its visitors in one of its capsules for breathtaking experience above the city and its attractions.
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