Ex. 2. Consider the following points for discussion.
1. Do you think such gossip columns serve as a social purpose, or do they cater to baser instincts?
2. Randolf Hearst, the American newspaper publisher, said “News is what someone, somewhere, doesn’t want reported. All the rest is advertisement.” Can you think of any recent stories which show the truth (or not) of this statement?
3. Randolf Hearst also said “Dog bites man isn’t news. Man bites dog is.” What does this say about the kind of story newspapers look for?
4. If you were an editor of a newspaper, which of the following stories would you decide to print? If you decided not to print, would it be because you thought people wouldn’t be interested or for another reason?
A. An important member of the government is having an affair with his secretary. She’s expecting his baby. B. A highly respected public figure of 75 was caught shop-lifting. She stole a tin of tuna. C. A minor scandal about a public figure that happened twenty years ago. D. The design of the bathroom suite belonging to a soap opera star.
Vocabulary exercises
Ex. 1. Give definitions for the following:
a) What do we call a paper that comes out daily / a magazine that is issued once a month / a paper that circulates in one town or district / a paper that circulates all over the country / a printed notice about things to be sold or things that are needed / a magazine that is published at regular intervals?
b) What do we call a man who is responsible for publishing a newspaper or a magazine / a man who writes articles, reviews, etc, to papers and magazines / a man who makes reports for the newspaper / a man who comments on some events?
Ex. 2.* Paraphrase the statements using the following words in the required form instead of italicized ones.
an editorial, to come out, to carry, home news, a daily, foreign news
1. Newspapers in all the countries publish a lot of advertisements. 2. In addition to national daily papers there are local papers published in every town. 3. Local papers publish local, national and world news. 4. As a rule, each paper begins with a leading article. 5. The majority of magazines are issued monthly.
Ex. 3. Write definitions explaining what jobs each of these people involved in the media do?
Example: A make-up artist makes up the faces of people who are to appear on TV.
a foreign correspondent, a bookseller, a sub-editor, a publisher, a continuity person, a columnist, an editor, a camera operator, a critic.
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Ex. 4. Read the dialogues. Make up the similar dialogues of your own.
A.
(The situation takes place at an exhibition of radio and electronic equipment.)
Visitor. Excuse me, could you switch on that set, the one on your right?
Stand Attendant. Certainly! (He switches it on. The picture is clear.)
V. Thanks. And how do I switch to another channel?
S.A. Just press this button on the remote control unit. This set is extremely easy to operate. (The visitor presses the button and looks at the screen.)
V. I don’t quite like the colour of this channel. How can I make it more natural?
S.A. You can adjust the picture with these buttons. Look! How do you like it now?
V. Oh, that’s a lot better! It’s very good indeed!
S.A. If you press this button twice, the picture becomes slightly different.
V. How does this video cassette recorder work?
S.A. First press this button to switch it on, and then press this one to tune in to the station you want. Let me do it for you first. (The attendant starts tuning in. At first there is no picture, but very soon the picture appears on the screen. The stand assistant turns the sound down a bit to be able to hear all the questions.)
B.
“Have you got any new recordings?”
“Yes, I recorded a few songs yesterday. Very good tapes.”
C.
“Play it again. I didn’t make out the words. But the tune is lovely.”
“I’ll record it for you. I’ve got spare cassettes.”
D.
“Make it louder, please.”
“I can’t. It’s full volume.”
E
“Tune down that awful music of yours.”
“I’ll turn it off.”
“Thank you. That’s much better.”
F
‘What make is your TV set, the one your family gave you for your birthday?”
“Panasonic. The latest model.”
“That’s what I call a wonderful present.”
TEXT 5
Read the text and translate it into Russian.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RADIO
The first human voice was transmitted over the air on Christmas Eve 1906. Reginald Fessenden in Boston read from the Bible using a telephone mouthpiece as a microphone. Also in 1906, Lee De Forest invented the 3-element vacuum tube (audion), which made amplification of radio waves possible, which lead to portable transmitters and receivers, which played a big role in WWI. By 1918, pilots in the air could talk by radio to the ground. Still radio was a private medium, not a mass medium.
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After the war amateur radio operators helped create a broad interest in this new medium. In April 1920, Westinghouse Electric Corporation engineer Frank Conrad began experimenting with transmitting signals from a transmitter at his home. Later that year, the U.S. Dept. of Commerce issued the license for the nation’s first radio station, KDKA at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
KDKA was the first government-licensed station to broadcast regularly scheduled and previously announced commercial programs to the general public. Established and owned by Westinghouse Electric Corporation, KDKA began broadcasting on November 2, 1920, and has been in continuous operation since. KDKA began its schedule of radio programming with the Harding-Cox Presidential election returns. KDKA's broadcast schedule included music, news and sports programs. During the year following the inauguration of KDKA broadcasts, Westinghouse began to sell radio receivers for $25. The first KDKA broadcast marked the beginning of the rapid growth of commercial radio broadcasts in the United States. Very soon there were hundreds of stations on the air. Congress passed the Radio Act of 1927, which established the first broadcasting regulatory agency – the Federal Radio Commission (FRC). The Federal Communications Act of 1934 replaced the FRC with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). AT&T inaugurated its first radio station, WEAF, in New York City in 1922. Shortly, WEAF broadcast the first paid commercial announcement. By the end of the 1920s, there were 14 million radio sets in homes.
In 1926, the first network programming was transmitted by the National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC), which had been formed by the Radio Corporation of America (RCA). NBC became so successful; it had two separate chains, the NBC Red Network and the NBC Blue Network. Years later the two split into NBC and ABC in 1941. The Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) started in 1929. The Mutual Broadcasting System formed as a third national network in 1934. From the mid 1930s to 1950 is considered the Golden Age of radio. There was a great deal of variety: there were comedy shows and soap operas, sporting events, dance bands and news.
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During the Depression in the 1930s, radio was a popular source of free entertainment. During World War II radio became an important source of news about the war. By 1948, TV stations were on the air. Radio profits dropped as radio audiences followed their favorite shows to television. Radio adapted. There are more than 11,000 radio stations on the air today. Studies show 96 percent of the population above 12 listens to radio during an average week. TV viewing is only 90 percent and newspaper reading only 76 percent.
Vocabulary exercises
Ex. 1. Here are some words and expressions from four radio news items. They have been mixed up. Divide the words and expressions into four groups, and then try to decide what is probably reported in each news item.
Example: a woman (1) / drizzle on the hills (2) / gunmen (3)
a busload of women and children, at first, dry, figures, fridge door, has risen, have opened fire, little hope, picture, “Slimmer of the year”, temperatures up to 22, the economy, Ulster, unemployment, weight.
Ex. 2. Read the following news radio reports without a dictionary. Look carefully at the words in italics, and say what they probably mean. Discuss your answers with other students, and then use a dictionary to check.
A subpostmaster and his eight-month-old son have been hit by shotgun pellets in a raid in Sussex. A gunman opened fire when David Halberg set off an alarm at his post office in the village of Polegate. He had his baby son in his arms at the time. He was hit in the shoulder. Stray pellets struck the baby’s head. Police say neither, though, have been seriously hurt. Armed police have since surrounded the robbers at a house in nearby Eastbourne.
Ex. 3.* Computers and the Internet are becoming an increasingly important source of information. Match the words in the first column with the examples/definitions in the second column.
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| 1) software | a) the memory available for temporary use on a computer |
| 2) modem | b) the address where you can find information, e.g. about a company |
| 3) scanner | c) programmes you use on your computer |
| 4) spreadsheet | d) it makes it possible for one computer to communicate with another |
| 5) website | e) a unit of measurement for storing information |
| 6) virus | f) you can use it to transfer pictures to your computer |
| 7) RAM | g) a programme that destroys data and damages computers |
| 8) hardware | h) for example, a computer, a printer, a screen |
| 9) hard disk | i) a series of linked electronic addresses all around the world |
| 10) megabyte | j) a program for doing mathematical calculations |
| 11) the Web | k) the place in your computer where information is stored |
Ex. 4. * Choose the correct answer.
1. Some people spend hours___ the Web.
a) serving
b) serfing
c) surfing
2. I can ___ you tomorrow and send you the information.
a) e-post
b) e-mail
c) e-letter
3. I managed to ___ an interesting program from the Internet the other day.
a) download
b) downput
c) downtake
4. Have you ever seen the Mayflower College’s ___?
a) own page?
b) home page?
c) net page?
5. Ivan spends hours in those ___ rooms on the Internet.
a) speak
b) chat
c) talk
Speech Exercises
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