E) “To” – формы (инфинитив) в функции определения
1. The children have a good garden to play in. 2.Give me a knife to cut the bread with. 3. I’m sure he will be the first to come to the meeting. 4. He needed a place to live in. 5.Can you give me some work to do? 6. Have you anything to cure a bad cold? 7. I need a box to hold my chessmen. 8. He looked at the shelves of books to be read and understood. 9. This is a mineral to be found only in this part of the country. 10. There are so many letters to be answered.
F) “To”-формы (инфинитив) в функции обстоятельства цели или следствия
1. I’ve come here to have a talk with you. 2. To perfect his knowledge of English he has gone to England. 3. I shall go on working late today so as to be free tomorrow. 4. To earn much money my brother needed this job. 5. He stopped for a minute to rest. 6. I got up early (in order) to have time to pack. 7. I’m starting now, in order not to miss the beginning of the concert. 8. The air must be compressed to occupy a smaller volume. 9. To be properly understood this rule is to be explained once more. 10. He went to Germany to meet his friends whom he had not seen for many years.
Инфинитивные конструкции
Complex Object)
Объектный инфинитивный оборот (сложное дополнение)
Сложное дополнение состоит из дополнения предложения (объекта действия) и инфинитива с зависимыми словами.
| Подлежащее + | Сказуемое + | Дополнение (существительное в общем падеже, лич-ное местоимение в объектном падеже) | + Infinitive |
переводится подлежащим переводится
cказуемым
дают главное предложение (союзы чтобы, придаточного предложения
что, как)
Например:
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He wanted me to read this book.
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Он хотел, чтобы я прочитал эту книгу.
После глаголов, выражающих чувственное восприятие (to see - видеть, to hear - слышать, to feel - чувствовать, to watch, to observe – наблюда
notice - замечать) и глагола to make - (заставлять, принуждать) инфинитив употребляется без частицы to.
I felt somebody follow me. – Я чувствовал, что кто-то следовал за мной.
Значения некоторых глаголов, используемых в предложениях с Complex Object в качестве сказуемых.
| To appear To consider To take To believe To prove To hold | Казаться (что), по-видимому Считать, думать (что), полагать Принимать, считать (что) Считать, полагать (что) Оказываться, доказывать (что) Полагать, считать (что) |
| Например | I held him to be wrong. – Я считал, что он не прав. |
Упражнение 5. Перефразируйте следующие предложения, употребляя сложное дополнение с инфинитивом.
E.g. : He dropped his bag. I saw it. – I saw him drop his bag.
1. I saw him. He pointed to a picture on the wall. 2. We saw that the children climbed to the tops of the trees. 3. I noticed that Henry went up and spoke to the stranger. 4. He slipped and fell. I saw it. 5. I saw that he opened the door and left the room. 6. They turned the corner and disappeared. We watched them. 7. The doctor touched the boy’s leg. The boy felt it. 8. Pete bought some flowers. His friends saw it. 9. Tamara saw that the waves carried the boat away. 10. Have you heard how he sings the part of Herman in Tchaikovsky’s “Queen of Spades”?
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Упражнение 6.Переведите на русский язык предложения со сложным дополнением, выраженным инфинитивом.
1. She felt her hands tremble. 2. He felt his heart beat with joy. 3. Nobody noticed him come in and sit down. 4. I felt Nick put his hand on my shoulder. 5. She felt tears roll down her cheeks. 6. We saw them jump with parachutes. 7. I heard the door of the entrance hall open and close softly. 8. They all gathered on the hill to watch the sun rise. 9. I heard him tell the teacher about it. 10. She heard somebody walk up to her door.
Complex Subject
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