Read the text about ship’s crew.
Ship’s crew is the personnel required to operate and maintain a ship. They are divided into three sections:
- those who navigate the ship (Deck department);
- those who maintain the machinery carrying out all repair functions on board (Engine department);
- the Catering department that takes care of the catering needs.
Captain or Master is the traditionally customary title given to a person in charge of the ship at sea. He is responsible for the safety of the ship and all on board.
The Engine department includes the engineers, electricians, motormen. The Chief Engineer is responsible for the engine room. The engine room not only contains four main engines which drive the propellers, but also diesel generators to supply electricity for all the onboard services. Maintenance of the machinery is done onboard, and fuel is stored in tanks placed at the very bottom of the ship. The First Engineer is second in charge of the engine room. The Second Officer Electrical looks after all the electrical systems on board.
All staff (crew) are trained in emergency procedures before they join the ship and safety drills take place weekly.
Deck Department
The deck department consists of navigators and deck hands that are headed by a bosun. We call navigators according to their rank as the Master (Captain), the Chief Officer (First Mate), the Second Officer (2nd Mate), the Third Officer (3rd Mate) and the Fourth Officer (4th Mate). Deckhands are called ordinary seamen and able-seamen.
All Deck Officers keep watch at the navigating bridge. They may not leave it when on watch and they relieve each other every 4 hours. Every navigator must know how to define the ship’s position, plot her course on the chart and take bearings. Besides navigators keep the Deck Officer’s Log Book which is full of the navigation and activities of vessel at sea and in port.
Deck hands participate in mooring operations, carry out all maintenance work including planned upkeep and repair of all hull equipment, paint work and deck cleaning – weeping, swabbing and scrubbing. AB seamen stand watches, during which they may be lookouts or work as a helmsman. Ordinary seamen don’t keep watch instead of it they may clean and paint the ship.
The Master is responsible for seaworthiness and effective operation of his vessel, for the safety of crew, cargo and equipment on board. He has a full authority over all persons on board his vessel, and he must be an experienced navigator.
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The Chief Officer is the Master’s main assistant and the head of the Deck Department. He is an officer-in-charge in the absence of the Master and must be always ready to replace the Master and to perform his duties. He is responsible to the Master for the management and supervision of the Deck Department. The Chief Officer is responsible for the loading, stowage, and discharge of all cargo carried by the vessel. He also ensures that the personnel of his department know and comply with all safety rules and regulations.
The 2nd Officer is the watchkeeping navigator. He is responsible to the captain for all aspects of navigation (voyage planning, chart/publication correction, navigation equipment maintenance) while at sea, in charge of cargo watch while in port for the safe and efficient transfer of cargo.
The 3rd Officer is responsible for portable fire-fighting equipment and life-saving appliances except those which are assigned to the engine department.
And of course the ship’s officers are all responsible for maintenance of good order and discipline on board their ship.
Key word and expressions to the text:
seaworthiness мореходность, пригодность к плаванию
A.B.seamen матрос I-го класса
ordinaryseamen матрос II-го класса
undersupervision под руководством
stowage укладка, размещение
life-savingappliances спасательные средства
deckhands палубная команда
mooringoperations швартовые операции
swabbing мытье шваброй, драйка
Exercise .Answer the following question:
1. What must Deck Department personnel know and comply with?
2. Who is the head of the Deck Department?
3. Whose responsibility is maintaining of the fire-fighting equipment and life-saving appliances?
4. Where do deck hands participate in?
5. How many ranks of navigators are there? What is each of them responsible for?
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