Mobile Computers- Microcontrollers
These are exactly what they sound like – computers that are super small and mobile. You could argue that a desktop computer is mobile if you need it to be, but mobile computers usually describe computers that are meant to be carried around and taken from place to place. If a desktop computer is a microcomputer, then a laptop is a mobile computer. There are so many different types of mobile computers though, even beyond laptop-like devices. Below is a list of devices that could be categorized as mobile computers.
- Laptops: Portable computers designed to be carried from place to place. All of itscomponents are contained inside a panel that functions also as the keyboard, with an attached screen that can be folded over. Because of their size and convenience, these are some of the most popular computers for everyday use.
- Netbooks:Muchsmallerlaptops.
- Tablet: A flat, keyboard-less screen (though some of them come with keyboard attachments) that utilizes touch-screen functionality for navigation and use.
- Handheld game console: Devices like the Game Boy, Game Boy Color, Game Boy Advance, Sega Nomad, PlayStation Portable (PSP), and PlayStation Vita are handheld game consoles. Just like regular consoles, these are tiny computers that let people play games on the go.
- Calculators: Calculators are computers that carry out computers’ most basic tasks – calculations! There are many different types of calculators. Basic calculators, graphic calculators, scientific calculators, programmable calculators, and calculators used for accounting and other financial purposes.
- Portable media players: Also known as MP3 players. That’s right – your iPod is a mobile computer too.
- Cell phones and smart phones:The iPhone and the Samsung Galaxy are examples of powerful smartphones that are also mobile computers.
What are the key events in the history of computers
The electronic computer industry has developed faster than any other industry in history. Computers and computer technology is something that has changed the way some people live, communicate and get their information. In the early beginning, computers were nothing like what we have today. One of the things that was used a very long time ago was just some string with beads on them that helped add and subtract.
The first electronic computer was called the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator). It was built at the University of Pennsylvania in 1943, and it was used for military calculations, for weather forecasting, and for atomic energy calculations, it weighed 30 tons and it filled a big room.First electronic computers used vacuum tubes, and they were huge and complex. The first general purposes electronic computer was the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer). It was digital, although it didn’t operate with binary code, and was reprogrammable to solve a complete range of computing problems.
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Dr. John von Neumann invented a technology for program storage at the University of Princeton in 1945. This technology allowed a computer to store a program in memory. People could change the program for different purposes. Dr. John von Neumann’s computer made it possible to develop the computers we use today.
There are five main periods in the history of computers. They show how the technology that computers use for processing data has changed and developed.
1.Vacuum Tubes(1930-1958): The first computers used vacuum tubes to make calculations. The ENIAC was a vacuum tube computer.
2.Transistors (1959): Transistors replaced vacuum tubes because they are smaller, faster, and use less energy.
3.Integrated Circuits (1965):Integrated circuits use semiconductors to make complex circuits for data processing. This was a big development for the computer industry. Big boards with transistors which took up a lot of space were replaced with small boards that reduced the size of computers and made them more reliable, and less expensive.
4.Microprocessors (1971):The computer company Intel introduced its first microprocessors allow computers to perform more accurate operations in less time.
5.PC (1981):The computer company IBM introduced its first personal computer, called the Datamaster, in 1981, which are still in usage today.
What is the motherboard
The motherboard or mainboard is the main circuitboard which interconnects to all other components. The motherboard allows communication and power to flow throughout the computer system.
A motherboard(sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard, system board, baseboard, planar board or logic board, or colloquially, a mobo) is the main printed circuit board (PCB) found in general purpose microcomputers and other expandable systems. It holds and allows communication between many of the crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit(CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals. Unlike a backplane, a motherboard usually contains significant sub-systems such as the central processor, the chipset's input/output and memory controllers, interface connectors, and other components integrated for general purpose use.
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Motherboard specifically refers to a PCB with expansion capability and as the name suggests, this board is often referred to as the "mother" of all components attached to it, which often include peripherals, interface cards, and daughter cards: sound cards, video cards, network cards, hard drives, or other forms of persistent storage; TV tuner cards, cards providing extra USB or FireWire slots and a variety of other custom components.
Similarly, the term mainboard is applied to devices with a single board and no additional expansions or capability, such as controlling boards in laser printers, televisions, washing machines and other embedded systems with limited expansion abilities.
Give a definition of HCI
Human–computer interaction (commonly referred to as HCI) researches the design and use of computer technology, focused on the interfaces between people (users) and computers. Researchers in the field of HCI both observe the ways in which humans interact with computers and design technologies that let humans interact with computers in novel ways.
Goals: Human–computer interaction studies the ways in which humans make, or don't make, use of computational artifacts, systems and infrastructures. In doing so, much of the research in the field seeks to improve human-computer interaction by improving the usability of computer interfaces.
Much of the research in the field of human-computer interaction takes an interest in:
1.Methods for designing novel computer interfaces.
2.Methods for implementing interfaces, e.g., by means of software libraries
3.Methods for evaluating and comparing interfaces with respect to their usability and other desirable properties.
4.Methods for studying human computer use and its sociocultural implications more broadly.
The human–computer interface can be described as the point of communication between the human user and the computer. The flow of information between the human and computer is defined as the loop of interaction.
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