Dictionary and Language (Phonetics and Orthorgraphy)
Exercise 1. Cross out the consonants that are not pronounced. Consult your monolingual or pronoucing dictionary.
lamb – debt – gnat – comb
sign – hour – knit – might
bomb – hymn – hustle – palm
receipt – thumb – sight – sandwich
Exercise 2. Look up the following words in your monolingual or pronouncing dictionary and make pairs of the words beginning with the same sound.
week, chess, sugar, champagne, pain, wrong, photo, chorus, authentic, wince, rhythm, ketchup, cease, poetry, saddle, choke, orbit, finance, knee, numeral
Exercise 3. Make rhyming pairs of words. Consult your monolingual or pronouncing dictionary.
part – tough
lease – though
cough – half
mow – piece
ruff – toff
lust – fast
laugh – start
cast – crust
Exercise 4. How many of the following words have / u:/ in their pronunciation? Consult your monolingual or pronouncing dictionary.
coup__flood__food__
lute__cut__foot__
due__chew__nude__
Exercise 5. Which words have /i:/ in their pronunciation? Which letters can be used to represent the /i:/ sound? Consult you monolingual or pronouncing dictionary.
aegis__flew__pauee__
peony__deer__meatre__
eagle__niche__earwig__
Exercise 6. Using a monolingual dictionary transcribe the following words and show the difference between American and British variants of their pronunciation:
British American
data____________ ____________
exploratory____________ ____________
dictionary____________ ____________
lieutenant____________ ____________
office____________ ____________
territory____________ ____________
last____________ ____________
disadvantage____________ ____________
diphthong____________ ____________
clothes____________ ____________
Exercise 7. Using a monolingual or pronouncing dictionary indicate the accentual structure of the following words by underlining the stressed syllables (two lines for the primary stress and one line for the secondary stress).
tuberculosis – demonstration
futuristic – sympathetic
candilabrum – archbishop
architectural – reafforest
silhouetteel – ectrolysis
Exercise 8. Using a monolingual or pronouncing dictionary indicate the accentual structure of the following compounds by underlining the stressed syllables (two lines for the primary stress, one line for the secondary stress).
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flight recorder – leading article
bowler hat – savings account
universal joint – cooling‑off period
break‑dancing – barn dance
household troops – handmade
Exercise 9.Using a monolingual or pronouncing dictionary show the difference in the pronunciation of the words below:
conduct (n) – conduct (v)
progress (n) – progress (v)
contract (n) – contract (v)
produce (n) – produce (v)
increase (n) – increase (v)
Dictionary and Language (Grammar and Lexis)
Exercise 1. Write the following nouns in plural. Consult your monolingual dictionary.
banjo______table______
way______orange______
analysis______sheep______
face______louse______
effigy______foot______
ox______antenna______
potato______tomato______
fangus______syllabus______
formular______abbey______
curriculum______criterion______
Exercise 2. Divide the following words into countable, uncountable and nouns which can be both countable and uncountable.
C – U – C/U
anger
cheese
cloth
thought
jelly
capacity
coffee
energy
evil
beach
bush
paint
salad
finance
dream
election
tea
labour
wood
history
medicine
issue
paper
smile
truth
newspaper
respect
courage
address
Exercise 3. Use the correct form of the verbs in the sentences below. Check in the dictionary to see whether the noun is countable or uncountable.
1) The news (were/was) bad.
2) My hair (feel/feels) dirty.
3) How much money (is/are) there in your bank account?
4) The traffic (was/were) heavy.
5) New machinery (has/have) been installed.
Exercise 4. Link the sentence openings on the left with appropriate endings on the right, using the verbs below to fill in the gaps. You can use a verb more than once. Consult your monolingual dictionary.
1. Draughts (a) __ not yet come up with a cure.
2. Mumps (b) __ played on a board with black and white squares.
3. News (c) __ an illness which is very dangerous to pregnant woman.
4. Genetics (d) __ about 1 cm a month.
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5. Spaghetti (e) __ vigorous exercise.
6. Research into cancer (f) __ in about 8 minutes.
7. German measles (g) __ a swallen neck.
8. Hair (h) __ fast.
9. Aerobics (i) __ the study of genes.
Exercise 5. Write comparative and superlative forms of the following adjectives. Consult your dictionary.
Comparative superlative
nice ____________ ____________
plain ____________ ____________
good ____________ ____________
great ____________ ____________
brave ____________ ____________
funny ____________ ____________
big ____________ ____________
risky ____________ ____________
little ____________ ____________
famous ____________ ____________
clever ____________ ____________
curious ____________ ____________
Exercise 6. Divide the following adjectives into three groups:
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