Theme 7: Anatomic and physiologic features of cardiovascular system in children.
Theme 8: Method of examination of cardiovascular system in children.
Theme of practical training: Method of inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation of the cardiovascular system in children. Basic signs of defeat of cardiovascular system in children (cyanosis, bradycardia, tachycardia and other).
Place: an educational room in the cardiologic department.
Professional orientation of students:Growth of cardiovascular pathology of child's age, especially congenital defects of heart is marked in recent years.The cardiovascular system of child has the row of morphological and functional features, which are necessary to take into account. Knowledge of pathological syndromes in cardiology is very important in work of doctor for the beginning of treatment in time.
Base level of knowledge and abilities:
| № | Discipline | To know |
| 1. 2. 3. 4. | Anatomy Normal physiology Histology Pathological physiology | Development of the cardiovascular system in intrauterine period. Anatomic structure of the cardiovascular system. Knowledge of principles of blood circulation in fetus and newborn Functioning of greater and lesser circulations Histological features of structure of myocardium in different age period of childhood. Basic compensating and adaptation mechanisms of the cardiovascular system. |
Plan of conducting of practical training:
| № | Elements of practical training | Time (minutes) |
| 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. | Verification of presents. Test control for estimation of initial level of knowledge and its analysis. Demonstration and explanation by the teacher of method of clinical examination of patient with pathology of the cardiovascular system. Independent work of students with patients. A teacher with students is the makes round of the patients. During the clinical round a teacher conducts the final control of eventual level of knowledge. Results and final estimation of knowledge and abilities of students and task to independent preparation to a next training. | 5 min. 15 min. 30 min. 50 min. 50 min. 10 min. Total: 160 min. |
List of theoretical questions:
5) Anatomic and physiologic features of the cardiovascular system in children of a different age and their clinical value.
|
|
|
6) Method of clinical examination of patient with pathology of the cardiovascular system:
а). inquire
b). features of inspection: position in a bed, color of skin and visible mucus, cyanosis, edema, pulsation and swelling of large cervical vessels, presence of cardiac hump and cardiac thrust;
c). palpation of pulse and its description;
d). palpation and description of apex beat;
e). presence of “cat’s purring”;
f). features of percussion, determination of borders of relative and absolute dullness of heart;
g). features of auscultation: points and order of auscultation of the heart, description of tones, the presence of murmur and its description;
h). determination of arterial pressure, age norms;
i).conduction of functional tests: the Stange-Gench’s test, orthostatic, the Shalkov’s test.
7) Additional methods of examination of cardiovascular system: electrocardiography, phonocardiography, sonocardiography. Features of ECG and PCG in children of early age.
Method of conducting of practical training:
1) After verification of presents and announcement of theme of training with pointing on its actuality a teacher conducts the writing test control of knowledge.
2) Analysis of the executed tests and consideration of errors.
3) In the ward of department a teacher demonstrates the method of clinical examination of patient with pathology of the cardiovascular system.
4) A teacher distributes patients for independent work of students, assigns.
5) Students independently work with children: collect anamnesis, inspect them. Protocol of inspection of patient is designed with estimation of the state of the cardiovascular system and ground of pathological syndrome.
6) Teacher conducts the analysis of patients with the analysis of ground of pathological clinical syndrome. Signing of protocols.
7) During the clinical round teacher conducts the final control of knowledge of students on this theme with the use of situation clinical tasks.
8) Teacher works out resume of training, gives estimation of knowledge and abilities of students. Assigns for independent preparation to a next training.
Дата добавления: 2018-05-12; просмотров: 424; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы! |
Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!