Logical 2. Nominal 3. Emotive meanings.
Logical (referential) or denotative meaning is the precise naming of a feature, idea, phenomenon or object: head, can (sl.), upper story (sl.), brain (sl.), etc. are united by the same denotative meaning.
The nominal meaning nominates an object. It is referred to proper nouns: Mr. Black, Mr. Hope. It serves the purpose of singling out one definite and singular object out of a whole class of similar objects: e.g. Browning, Taylor, Scotland, Black, Chandler, Chester.
Emotive meaning also materializes a concept in the word, but, unlike logical meaning, it has reference not directly to things or phenomena of objective reality, but to the feelings and emotions of the speaker towards these thighs or to his emotions as such. Emotive meaning (coloring) can be usual or occasional. A girl (tart, broad, bird) arereferred to one person to portray the character’s respect or disrespect.
Contextual emotive meaning is an emotive meaning, acquired by a word only in a definite context: e.g.
1.”His face is red at first and then goes white and his eyes stare as if they’ll pop out of his head.”
2. “Would you like me to pop downstairs and make you a cup of cocoa?”
Contextual meaning is accidental and it is imposed by and depends on the context;
“Awake ye sons of Spain, awake, arise! (Byron) - (arise - revolt).
Contextual meaning of words in poetry serves the purposes of stylistic convergence:
“When the evening is spread out against the sky
Like a patient etherized upon a table.” (G.Eliot)
Classification of the semantic structure according to Leningrad school of stylistics: Semantic structure of a word (Prof. I.V.Arnold) consists of DENOTATIVE and CONNOTATIVE meanings.
Table 4
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