Macaronic verses 137
Male rhymes: Masculine rhymes: Single rhymes (those with last syllable stressed — astir — confer) 129
Maxim: non-metaphorical precept (as distinct from proverb) 117-118
Meiosis: Understatement: intentional (expressive) undervaluation of norm 104,106
Message: communication sent and/or
received 20
Metagoge: see Personification Metaphor 112-115 Metonymy 108 Metre 124
Monologue: see Discourse Monometer 126 Morpheme 9,14 Mush 45
N
Neologism 59
Neutral: of indefinite stylistic value
20-21
♦Neutrality and norm 21 *Neutral sphere: 'central* part of language, common to all sublanguages — comprising units of indefinite sublingual characteristics, viz. units possessing no stylistic colouring 12,17, 20 Newspaperese: see Journalese Newspaper style 169 Nomination: act of naming; name 26-
Nonce-words 59, 70 *Non-neutral: stylistically coloured, of definite stylistic value, recognizable as belonging to definite style 17,18, 20 ♦Non-specific sphere: see Central
area: Neutral sphere ♦Non-specific units: Neutral units 13 *Norm 21
♦Normative realization: manifestation in keeping with lingual or sublingual norm 19, 21-22 Notion: Concept 6, 7, 31
О
Octameter 126
Officialese: sublanguage of extremely formal (usually written) intercourse 180-182
♦Omnitemporal: expressing present, past, or future actions indiscriminately 133-134
Onomasiology: Onomatology: part of linguistics proceeding from meaning to form 27, 28
Onomatology: see Onomasiology
Onomatopoeia 44, 45
Opposition 34-35, 47
Orthography 38
Ottava rima 131
Overstatement: see Hyperbole
Oxymoron 161-163
Paradigm: set of units in posse 28-29, 40-42
♦Paradigmatics: 1. Set (or totality) of paradigms. 2. Here: part of stylistics dealing with choice of one unit, especially with cases of 'renaming' (transfer of name) 28-32
Paradox: seemingly absurd though in fact well-founded statement 31
Paragraph: 1. Passage in text marked by indentation of first line. 2. Detached item of information in newspaper, without heading 24-25
Paralinguistic: dealing with nonverbal messages (inarticulate sounds, gesticulation, grimace) 196-197
Parallelism 140
Parameters: characteristics, especially numerical 21
Parenthesis 95
Paronomasia: co-occurrence of words of similar form 124
Paronyms: words similar (but not identical) in their phonetic forms 136-137
♦Periphery: space closest to external boundary (P. of sublanguage
|
|
locates its style-forming units)
12, 13 Periphrasis: Circumlocution:
description instead of name,
roundabout way of speaking 107-
108, 110
Personification: Metagoge 115-116 Phonosemantics: branch of
linguistics searching for inherent
meanings of speech sounds 42 Phraseology 73
Play on words: Pun: Quibble 156-158 Poetic diction: high-flown words of
old poetry 57 Poetry 7 Polyptoton: recurrence of word in
different syntactical positions
137-138
Polysyndeton 88 Popular speech 17-18 Praesens historicum (Lat.) 48 Principium divisionis (Lat.) 53 Professionalism 59 Prolepsis 86 Prosody 122
Proverb: Adage (see) 76, 117-118 Pun: see Play on words Pyrrhic foot 127-128
Q
Quasi-identity 149-150
Quotation 32
Quibble: see Play on words
Received pronunciation 38
Recipient: one who receives verbal message — listener or reader 7, 49
Redundance: superfluous, excessive, pleonastic use 96
♦Relative archaization 63
♦Relatively specific (units): those common to two or more
sublanguages, but not to all of
them 13, 16
Relevant features 7, 47 Repetition 84 Rhetorical question 91 Rhyme 129 Rhythm 124 Root repetition: Sham tautology 138
Scanning 125-126
Semantics: 1. Meaning. 2. Semasiology (see)
Semasiology 26-28
Septameter 126
♦Sequence: chain of units of any rank (hence: Stylistics of Sequences) 29
Sibilant 44-45
Signifiant (Fr.): designator 36
Signifie (Fr.): designatum 36
Simile 145-149
Single rhymes: see Male rhymes
Slang 68
♦Social prestige: factor favouring stability of literary standard and legalizing changes, up to universal acceptance of mistaken forms if current in speech of top personalities 54-55
Sonnet 132
Sound clusters: Sound combinations 42
Special language: Limited language: ♦Sublanguage (see)
♦Specific units: ♦absolutely S.U.: units recognizable as belonging to only one sublanguage 12-13, 15; ♦relatively S.U.: those common to several sublanguages 12-13,16
♦Specifier: Clarifier: synonym used to add new shade of meaning to what was expressed by its counterpart 154-155
*Speech: actual fleeting process of oral communication 8-9, 35
|
|
♦Sphere of speech: Type of speech; Type of communication 10-11
Spondee 128
Standard English 38
Stanza 130-131
Strophe 130
*Style-forming (features, devices, units): Specific 38
♦Stylistic collision: mixture of styles 32,135
♦Stylistic conflict 136-137
*S. device: S. means: choice or arrangement of units to achieve expressive or image-creating effect 6, 7, 31
*S. dominant: unit (phenomenon) that imparts its stylistic quality to its surroundings, suppressing their own values 136
S. means: see S. device
*S. neutrality: absence of any definite stylistic quality, 'non-specificity* 19-20
*S. perception: decoding of not only intended sense of message, but of its stylistic properties as well 20
*S. stratification: presentation of stylistic layers as superimposed on one another 55-56
*S. value: stylistic quality, characteristics, totality of connotations 7,12
*S. vulgarism: word (phrase) implying utterly negative, scandalously derogatory personal attitude toward object, in no way offensive by itself 72-73
S. of sequences: part of S. dealing with phenomena engendered by interrelations of text components 32; *S. of units: part of S. treating choice of linguistic units and types of transfer of denominations 32
♦Subcolloquial: belonging to layers lower than colloquial 21-22
♦Sublanguage: totality of linguistic units current in sphere of speech singled out by researcher on extralinguistic grounds 10, 36
*Subneutral: lower than neutral 57,63
♦Superneutral: higher than neutral 57
Suprasegmental 41-42
Sustained metaphor 114
♦Sustained simile 149
Symbol 118
Symploca 141
♦Synonymous replacer: synonym used to avoid undesirable repetition of its counterpart 151-154
Syntagma, -ta (pi.): combination of at least two elements following one another 29-30
♦Syntagmatics: 1. Set (or totality) of syntagmata. 2. Subject matter of stylistics of sequences 29-33
Tautology: unintentional repetition betraying stylistic helplessness 160; *T. disguised: intentional display of identical meanings in co-occurring different forms 160-161; *T. pretended: recurrence of identical forms with different meanings 160
|
|
Tell-tale names: see Token names
Terms 59-60
Tetrameter 126
♦Text: product of speech (not necessarily written or printed), sequence of words, grammatically connected and, as a rule, semantically coherent 8-9
Tier: see Level
Token names: Tell-tale names: surnames of literary characters giving information about their bearers' main features (Mr. Snake, Lady Sneer-well — Sheridan) 117
Treble: Triple: Dactylic rhymes: those with two final syllables unstressed — tenderly — slenderly 129
Trimeter 126
Trisyllabic 125
Trite: hackneyed, habitual, stereotype (stylistic device) 113
Transposition 48
Trochee 125
Trope 99
U
Uncultivated (speech) 19, 20 Unpredictability 166 Utterance 8, 11,12 Unit, linguistic 12
Variability 50
Verbal message: information expressed by words 26-27
Verse 130
Versification: theory (formal rules) of making poetry 122
Vocalic alliteration: Assonance 123
Vulgar (word, phrase): see Vulgarism
Vulgarism: vulgar word (phrase) 72; ♦V., lexical 72; ♦V., stylistic 73
W
Word combination: sequence of at least two notional words ('headword* and its modifier/s/) 8, 23
Word-group: 1. Word combination. 2. Any sequence of two or more words 40
Written speech 35-36
Zeugma 159-160
CONTENTS
PREFACE.......................................................................................... 3
INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................6
STYLISTICS OF UNITS....................................................................................37
CHAPTER I. PHONETICS OF UNITS (PARADIGMATIC PHONETICS)................... 37
CHAPTER II. MORPHOLOGY OF UNITS (PARADIGMATIC MORPHOLOGY)..........46
CHAPTER III. PARADIGMATIC LEXICOLOGY................................................. 52
CHAPTER IV. PARADIGMATIC SYNTAX......................................................... 77
CHAPTER V. PARADIGMATIC SEMASIOLOGY................................................. 97
STYLISTICS OF SEQUENCES........................................................................122
|
|
CHAPTER I. PHONETICS OF SEQUENCES (SYNTAGMATIC PHONETICS)............122
CHAPTER II. MORPHOLOGY OF SEQUENCES (SYNTAGMATIC MORPHOLOGY).... 133
CHAPTER III. LEXICOLOGY OF SEQUENCES (SYNTAGMATIC LEXICOLOGY).....135
CHAPTER IV. SYNTAX OF SEQUENCES (SYNTAGMATIC SYNTAX)...................139
CHAPTER V. SEMASIOLOGY OF SEQUENCES (SYNTAGMATIC SEMASIOLOGY).... 143
SUBLANGUAGES AND STYLES VIEWED AS OBJECTS
OF LINGUISTIC RESEARCH...................................................................167
CHAPTER I. AN OUTLINE OF STYLE CLASSIFICATIONS..................................167
CHAPTER II. THE MOST GENERAL (BINARY) DIVISION OF LANGUAGE...........179
CHAPTER III. SOCIALLY REGULATED SUBLANGUAGES................................183
CHAPTERIV. THE COLLOQUIAL SPHERE......................................................195
WORD INDEX AND GLOSSARY........................................................213
Дата добавления: 2016-01-04; просмотров: 12; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы! |
Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!