Anadiplosis:Epanalepsis 142
Anapaest 125
Anaphora 140
Anti-climax: see Back gradation
Antiphrasis: set phrase literally expressing approval, but used only to blame 119
Antithesis 163-164
Antonomasia 117
* The work on Word Index and Glossary was completed by Cand. of philology E.S. Gritsenko (Nizhny Novgorod Institute of Foreign Languages).
Appended statement 87 Apperception: perception affected by
what has been experienced 42 Aposiopesis: Stop-short sentence:
intentionally unfinished utterance 81 Archaisms: 1) historical (material)
A. 62; 2) A. proper 62 Archaization 62 Articulatory-audial: characterizing
both articulation and acoustic
impression 26 Assimilation (lexical): loss of foreign
traits by borrowed words which
thus become stylistically neutral
60-61
Assonance 123 Astheism: deprecation meant as
approval 120-121 Attribution 33-34 Axiology: general theory of value
196-197
В
Back gradation: Anti-climax: Bathos 155-156,157
Ballad: poem in short stanzas narrating popular story 131
Ballad stanza 131
Barbarism 60-61
Bathos: see Back gradation
Belles-lettres style: that which characterizes imaginative literature 15,167
Blank verse 130
Bombastic: excessively high-flown 11
Bookish words: Learned words 11,63
♦Borderlands: imaginary strips of indefinite width separating sublanguages from one another and enclosing units, sublingual status of which is uncertain, also: Tolerance zones 22-25
*Borderlines: imaginary lines assumed to separate one sublanguage from another 22-24
Breaking up of set expressions: deliberate alteration in current phrases or their authological treatment for humoristic purposes 74
Cablese: sublanguage of cablegrams
Cant 67 ♦Carrier: unit of form carrying
information 33
Catachresis: Mixed metaphors 114 Categorial forms: constituents of
grammatical category (A. Smir-
nitsky) 46-51 Category of determination/inde-
termination 48 ♦Central area: main part of language,
set of linguistic units common to
all sublanguages; place around
centre of circle enclosing national
language; place where all ellipses,
representing sublanguages,
intersect 13, 17, 20 ♦Central field: *Central area 13 Chain-repetition: noticeable
recurrence of Anadiplosis (see) Chiasmus: Reversed parallel
construction 142-143 Circumlocution: see Periphrasis ♦Clarifier: see Specifier Climax: Gradation 155-156 Cockney 39 Code: system of signs, originally
criptographic (i.e. aiming at
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secrecy), at present language is
also regarded as one. See
Decoding 169 Cognition: action (or faculty) of
acquiring knowledge 145; adj.
Cognitive 145
Colloquialism, -ist, -istics 65 Competence (linguistic or lingual C.)
Composition 71
Concept: Notion: general idea 6, 31 Connotation: part of meaning of
linguistic unit, expressing its
stylistic value 33 Consituation 197 Contrast 161 Conventional: 1) used traditionally;
2) accepted temporarily by
common concent 9 Convergence: see Amplification Conversion 71 ♦Co-occurrence: stylistically
significant interrelation of two
or more units, adjacent or
isolated (but still felt as
correlative) 143,165 Co-referential: naming identical
referent each 37 Cultivated speech 12
D
Dactyl 125
Decoding: process of deciphering any verbal message; requires mental effort. 'Minimal decoding' (M. Rif f aterre's term) is observed in perceiving messages of predictable form and content 169
Defeated expectancy: factor reinforcing effect achieved by stylistic device — recipient had anticipated anything but what was actually said 148,166
Definition 19
Degradation 28, 56
Denisen: completely naturalized borrowing 60
Denomination: 1) act of naming; 2) name 34
Denotation: notional (lexical) meaning of word (phrase, etc.) as
opposed to its stylistic appurtenance 33
♦Depersonification 71
Derivation 71
Derogatory 12
Detachment 93
Dialect (territorial, social) 38,130
Dimeter 126
Diphthong 36
Discourse: Monologue: coherent sequence of utterances (speech as purposeful social action) 19
Distribution 20
Disyllabic 125
Dominant, stylistic: see S. dominant
Double rhymes: see Female rhymes
Down toner: word (phrase) weakening expressive force of its surroundings 105
Dysphemism: rough, derogatory denomination (as opposed to Euphemism — see) 54
Б
Editorial: Leader: newspaper article expressing editor's viewpoint 169-170
Element 14, 33, 49
Elevated words 55
Elevation 28, 55
Ellipsis 78
Elliptical, adj. from Ellipsis
Emotional colouring: part(s) of semantic structure of linguistic unit, implying subjective evaluation, and, hence, speaker's emotion 6, 7
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Emotive means: lingual devices expressing emotion 34
Emphasis 87
Empty cells 203
Epanalepsis: see Anadiplosis
Epiphora 141
Epithet 100
Euphemism: mild or vague expression instead of harsh or blunt one 54, 76
Euphony: totality of devices improving phonetic aspect of texts 48
Euphuistic style 168
Everyday speech: term sometimes used instead of 'colloquial speech1 22
*Excess of syntactical elements: Redundancy 84
♦Explication: redundancy of form (one of the two fundamental deviations from what is optimum variety; see Implication) 198,199
Exposition: introductory part of text making reader acquainted with events prior to those described in work of fiction 82
Expressive means: devices serving to strengthen communicative effects of speech (text); opposed by some scholars to term 'image-creating means' (such as tropes or simile) 6, 7
Expressive stylistics: branch of stylistics having only expressive devices for its object ('image-creating means' included) 34
Extraverbal: expressed by other means than words 42
Eye-rhymes 130
Female rhymes: Feminine rhymes: Double rhymes: those with last syllable unstressed — duty-beauty 129
Figures of speech: 1. Stylistic devices of whatever kind, including tropes (*'renamings', otherwise called *'F. of replacement', either *quantitative, or ♦quali-
tative). 2. Stylistic devices based on interrelation of meanings in sequences of linguistic units (see further: *F. of co-occurrence, manifesting identity, 'inequality', or 'contrast') 32, 101-102
*F. of contrast: those based on opposition (incompatibility) of co-occurring notions 161
*F. of co-occurrence: stylistic devices based on interrelations of two or more units of meaning actually following one another 143
*F. of identity: co-occurrence of synonymous or similar notions 145
*F. of inequality: those based on differentiation of co-occurrent notions 153-161
*F. of quality: renamings based on radical, qualitative difference between notion named and notion meant 102
*F. of quantity: renamings based on only quantitative difference between traditional names and those actually used 102
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*F. of replacement: Tropes: 'renamings', i.e. replacing traditional names by situational ones 102
Foot 125
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