The law sources in great Britain
The English have given the world, notably North America and much the Commonwealth, the system of English law that has acquired a status and universality to match Roman law. This system had its origins in Anglo – Saxon times. Two of its main characteristics are its preference for customary (common) law rather than statute law and its system of application.
Under the Normans the Anglo – Saxon system was formalized by the recording of case law to provide uniform precedents, which began in the 13th century.
In modern times there has been a greater reliance upon the statute law contained in some 3000 Acts of Parliament, but there are more than 300 000 cases to turn to for precedent. Other aspects of the English law are the fundamental assumption that an accused person is deemed innocent until proved guilty and the independence of the judiciary system from interference of crown or government in the judicial process.
The process of lawmaking is the most important function of the British Parliament. Every year Parliament passes about 100 laws directly, by making Acts of Parliament. Often this can be a long process, and Parliament passes a very general law and leaves ministers to fill in the details. In this way it indirectly passes about 2000 additional rules and regulations.
No new law can be passed unless it has completed a number of stages in the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The Queen also has to give a Bill a Royal Assent which is now just a formality. There are two main types of Bills – Public Bills which deal with matters of public importance and Private Bills which deal with local matters and individuals.
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