Тренировочные упражнения
1. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на конструкцию «сложное дополнение» (the Complex Object).
1. We expect him to solve this problem.
2. I don’t consider him to be a good manager.
3. I know her to have graduated the university three years ago.
4. The manager considers the results to be unsatisfactory.
5. I want him to leave.
6. We expect John to be elected.
7. We want them to introduce the changes as soon as possible.
8. We expect interest rates to rise next week.
9. The scientists expect this effect to be relatively small.
2. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на конструкцию «сложное подлежащее» (the Complex Subject).
a)
1. The new manager is said to work 12 hours a day.
2. The free market economy is said to be more flexible.
3. Three people are reported to have been injured in the explosion.
4. The strike is expected to end soon.
5. Consumers are assumed to wish to maximize their utility of satisfaction.
6. Firms are assumed to maximize their short-run profit.
7. The train was supposed to arrive at 7 o’clock but it was half an hour late.
8. Many people are reported to be homeless after the floods.
9. The building is reported to have been damaged by fire.
10. The company is said to be losing a lot of money.
11. Goods which are close substitutes for one another are said to be in competitive demand.
12. A good is said to be in composite demand then it is demanded for several different uses.
13. Consumers are assumed to maximize the satisfaction derived from the goods and services that they buy.
14. Firms are assumed to know what quantity of each product they would sell.
15. Consumers are assumed to be aware of all the goods and services they could buy.
16. The total value of international movements of capital is thought to be at least ten times the value of world trade in goods and services.
17. A small firm is likely to be specializing in one product.
18. The lager firm is likely to have a diversified market structure.
19. An increase in the output of capital goods is likely to mean that the current consumption of goods and services is less than it might have been.
b)
1. Ownership of labour is likely to be highly unpopular politically.
2. The limit to output is most likely to be determined by the quantity of capital inputs.
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3. The larger firm is more likely to be able to employ buyers who are experienced in buying particular products.
4. The reason for this is that rival suppliers are likely to maintain their prices in the hope of attracting customers from the higher-price firm.
5. Price is likely to be held stable during the pricing season over quite a wide range of output, both greater and less than expected.
6. Price reductions are most likely to occur if they can be concealed from competitors.
7. If the original profit margin was not considered to be adequate and demand is less than expected, the response is likely to be as before.
8. But when demand turns out to be greater than expected suppliers are likely to take the opportunity to improve their profit margins.
9. Firms are likely to be most confident about rivals’ responses, i.e. to be able to exercise control over price, in highly concentrated industries.
10. Each of these different machines is likely to have a different capacity.
11. The management seems to be moving in the right direction.
12. The two sides appear to have solved the problem.
13. Since that time the market share of these larger companies does not seem to have increased.
14. These studies seem to indicate that the size structure of plants in British industry is such that they are able to take advantage of such scale economies as are available.
15. Many mergers appear to have been motivated by a desire to increase market power rather than by a desire to increase efficiency.
16. The poor performance of the collective farms in the USSR in the early years of centralization appears to have been an important factor in the decision to maintain some private ownership of land.
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