Задание10. Выполните письменный перевод текста, обращая внимание на выделенные слова и словосочетания.
Sport performance
Sport performance is the manner in which sport participation is measured. Sport performance is a complex mixture of biomechanical function, mental control and psychological factors, environmental conditions, coaching and external support for the athlete. Biomechanical function includes the following concepts:
· muscular strength both in terms of muscle mass and muscle power;
· endurance, which is the ability of the body to perform over time;
· flexibility is the ability of a joint to move through its full range of motion, the ability to move dynamically;
· reaction time is the ability of the body to respond to external stimuli in sport, such as the movement of an opponent or the starter's gun;
· agility, balance, and coordination are three interrelated concepts;
· speed is built by training that is focused on the development of the fast-twitch fibers of the skeletal muscles.
Mental control and the related psychological factors in sport performance are intangibles that are reflected in the final result of an athlete's effort. In many respects, the mental elements of sport are the most difficult to master, as they usually require a high level of athletic experience and maturity. Logic and analytical power assists an athlete in any sport to dispassionately review where they must improve. The ability of an athlete to self-motivate is essential to success, both in competition and training.
Environmental factors are rarely within the athlete's personal control; the ability of the athlete to adapt to unexpected environmental factors (weather, equipment, the condition of a playing surface etc.) is often determinative of performance success.
Coaching and external support for the athlete is as important as any factor in sport performance. Providing direction and assistance to the aspiring competitor is necessary, especially for young athletes. Coaching will impact sport performance, either positively or negatively, in two separate ways. Coaches provide the primary direction to an athlete in terms of training, tactics, nutrition, and sport technique. A lack of appropriate coaching direction in any of these aspects will prevent the athlete from achieving the best result. As importantly, a coach is one of the athlete's primary emotional support.
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