Political System of Great Britain
Огнева Е.В. Иностранный язык
Группа 5-18
Г.
Практическая работа № 35
Тема: Опасные природные явления.
Цель: формирование грамматических навыков, навыков монологической речи
Перечень оборудования для проведения работы: тетрадь, письменные принадлежности, раздаточный материал.
Задания:
1. Прочитайте и переведите текст.
A natural disaster is the effect of a natural hazard which leads to financial, environmental or human losses.
What’s the worst natural disaster in your opinion?
‘Floods’ are opposite to ‘droughts’. A drought happens when there has been no rain for a long time. The land becomes too dry and it is impossible to grow any plants.
A ‘drought’ may result in a famine where there is not enough food for people and they start to starve (die from not eating).
A ‘tornado’ (or ‘twister’), is a very large column of wind that spins around quickly.
A ‘hurricane’ (Atlantic Ocean), ‘typhoon’ (Pacific Ocean) or ‘tropical storm’ (Indian Ocean) is an intense thunderstorm which usually occurs in late summer. They result in strong winds and heavy rain.
‘Volcanic eruptions’ send red hot lava flowing. Lava is a type of liquid rock called magma.
‘Earthquakes’ occur when pressure is suddenly released which causes the ground to move and shake violently. If the earth quakes beneath water then the shock wave which reaches beaches and dry land causes huge waves travelling at high speed called ‘tsunamis’.
A ‘landslide’ happens when rocks and earth are water-laden from lots of rain and slide down. This is different to an ‘avalanche’ which is the large movement of snow down a mountain. The snow becomes too loose and slides down, mixing with air and water.
Have you prepared for a natural disaster?
Many countries use early warning systems and school children will ‘drill’ disaster response by climbing under desks, standing in doorways or lying in bathtubs. Most people living in disaster-prone areas will keep non-perishable foods and bottled water.
Are there often natural disasters in your country?
The main problem with natural disasters is the aftermath: the risk of disease from dirty water, the difficulty in getting to sick or injured people and the economic impact of reconstruction and lost capacity; not to mention the death toll!
|
|
|
Today, technology allows us to provide donations and aid to disaster struck regions. Survivors are found by relief workers, rescuers and volunteers.
2. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу числительными.
500 26.5 10 1500
1) There are over _______ active volcanoes around the world. 2) Tsunamis can travel at up to _______ miles per hour. 3) Hurricanes only form when water temperature reaches ___________ ºC. 4) _______ % of the world’s population live within danger range of volcanoes.
3. Выберите высказывание, с которым вы наиболее согласны, обоснуйте свою позицию.
Sarah - “I think it’s really scary that there are so many natural disasters these days. There are far more than in the past. Every time you switch on the news you see places that are flooded or countries in drought. I’m sure it’s all connected to climate change and global warming.’’
James - “ We see so many natural disasters on the news these days that you become immune to them. I don’t mean that in a horrible way, but it always seems so far away and there’s absolutely nothing you can do to help the poor people who are there.”
Cindy – ‘’The hurricanes and earthquakes that have happened in the past month just prove how unprepared we are for natural disasters. It’s crazy that with all the technology and information available to us nowadays natural disasters still kill so many people. They should spend more money on research to develop warning systems for hurricanes, floods, earthquakes and tsunamis.”
Roger - “You can’t prepare for natural disasters as nobody knows when or where they are going to happen. It’s nature’s way of reminding us that she is in charge and we should respect her a lot more than we do. “
Reflection
I did very well today.
OK
poor
Огнева Е . В . Иностранный язык
|
|
|
Группа 6-18
Г.
Практическая работа № 27.
Тема: Государственное и политическое устройство США. Государственное устройство Великобритании.
Цель: ознакомиться с государственным устройством стран изучаемого языка
Перечень оборудования: письменные принадлежности, тетрадь, раздаточный материал
Задания
1. Прочитайте, переведите тексты и подготовьте конспекты.
Political System of the USA
The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states. Each state has its own government («state government*). In some ways the United States is like 50 small countries.
The government of the USA act according to the Constitution which was signed by the first thirteen representatives of thirteen original American states in 1787. The document was written in 1787 and since that time twenty six Amendments have been added. The first ten Amendments were simply rights or the Bill of rights. According to the Constitution the USA is a republic. So, the officials of any rank are elected by US citizens. Every citizen has rights which can not be violated.
The Constitution proclaims a federal system of government which keeps both the states and the federal power from getting too much power. It means that the federal government is given certain powers, for example, to make peace or war, to issue money and to regulate the trade and so on.
The federal power is located in Washington, D.C. It is based on legislative, executive and juridical branches of power.
The legislative power is vested in Congress, which consists of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives, There are 435 members in the House of Representatives and 100 senators in Congress. Each state elects two members for the Senate.
The executive branch is headed by the President who is assisted by the Vice President. The President enforces federal laws, serves as commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. The President can veto a bill unless Congress by a two-thirds vote shall overrule him. The Vice President, elected from the same political party as the President, acts as chairman of the Senate, and in the event of the death of the President, assumes the Presidency. The President of the USA is chosen in nationwide elections every 4 years together with the Vice.-President. The President cannot be elected for more than two terms. The Cabinet is made up of Department Secretaries. The most important of them is the Secretary of State, who deals with foreign affairs.
|
|
|
The judicial branch is made up of Federal District Courts, 11 Federal Courts and the Supreme Court. Federal judges are appointed by the President for life.
Federal courts decide cases involving federal law, conflicts between citizens of different states.
Constitution has been amended twenty six times. The Bill of Rights guarantees individual liberties: freedom of word,» religion and so on. Later amendments abolished slavery, granted the vote to women and black people and allowed citizens to vote at the age of 18.
Political System of Great Britain
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. It means that the sovereign reigns but does not rule. Britain does not have a written constitution, but a set of laws. Parliament is the most important authority in Britain. Technically Parliament is made up of three parts: the Monarch, the House of Lords; and the House of Commons. In reality the House of Commons is the only one of the three which has true power.
The monarch serves formally as head of state. But the monarch is expected to be politically neutral and should not make political decisions. The present sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II. She was crowned in Westminster Abbey in 1953.
The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. There are 650 of them in the House of Commons. They are elected by secret ballot. General elections are held every five years. The country is divided into 650 constituencies. All citizens, aged 18 and registered in a constituency, have the right to vote. But voting is not compulsory in Britain. Only persons convicted of corrupt and certain mentally ill patients don't take part in voting.
|
|
|
There are few political parties in Britain thanks to the British electoral system. The main ones are: the Conservative Party, the Labour Party and the Liberal / Social Democratic Alliance.
Each political party puts up one candidate for each constituency. The one who wins the most votes is elected MP for that area. The party which wins the most seats in Parliament forms the Government. Its leader becomes the Prime Minister. His first job is to choose his Cabinet. The Prime Minister usually takes policy decisions with the agreement of the Cabinet.
The functions of the House of Commons are legislation and scrutiny of government activities. The House of Commons is presided over by the Speaker. The Speaker is appointed by the Government.
The House of Lords comprises about 1,200 peers. It is presided by the Lord Chancellor. The House of Lords has no real power. It acts rather as an advisory council. It's in the House of Commons that new bills are introduced and debated. If the majority of the members are in favour of a bill, it goes to the House of Lords to be debated. The House of Lords has the right to reject a new bill twice. But after two rejections they are obliged to accept it. And finally a bill goes to the monarch to be signed. Only then it becomes law.
Parliament is responsible for British national policy. Local governments are responsible for organizing of education, police and many others.
2. Выполните тест.
American is divided into ... branches.
- 1
- 2
- 3
The US political system is based on this document. Choose the document.
- Magna Carta
- Constitution
- Declaration of Independence
The United States Constitution was written in ...... .Choose the year.
- 1787
- 1621
- 1861
The Legislative branch is represented by .... .
- Congress
- President
- The Supreme Court
The Judicial branch is represented by ... .
- Congress
- President
- The Supreme Cour
The executive branch is headed by ... .
- Congress
- President
- The Supreme Court
Congress consists of ... parts.
- 1
- 2
- 3
The main function of Congress is to ... .
- to rule the country
- to interpret the laws
- to make laws
Reflection
I did very well today.
OK
poor
Огнева Е.В. Иностранный язык
Группа ПК-18
Г.
Практическая работа № 20
Тема: Придаточные предложения времени и условия (if, when).
Цель: формирование грамматических навыков, навыков чтения
Перечень оборудования для проведения работы: тетрадь, письменные принадлежности, грамматические таблицы, словарь.
Краткие теоретические положения:
Рассмотрим сначала возможность выразить будущее действие при помощи времени The Present Continuous Tense. Обратите внимание на следующий пример: «Mary is meeting her husband at the railway station – Мэри встречает (встретит) мужа на станции». В данном предложении явно видно, что разговор идет о событии, которое произойдет позже момента речи. Можно предположить, что более одного человека знают об этом событии, и что имеют место определенные приготовления (к встрече). То есть, Present Continuous употребляется для выражения запланированного действия в будущем. Вот еще несколько примеров:
Jane is flying to Paris tomorrow – Джейн завтра улетает (уедет) в Париж
Примечание: Если действие не было запланировано, а вы только что решили совершить какое-то действие, для его выражения используется Future Simple. Сравните:
Peter has broken his leg, he is in hospital now — I know, I’m visiting him tomorrow afternoon. — Питер сломал ногу и сейчас в больнице. — Да, я знаю. Я навещу его завтра после обеда (действие запланировано)
Peter has broken his leg, he is in hospital now — Oh, really? I’ll visit him tomorrow then. — Питер сломал ногу и сейчас в больнице. — О, в самом деле? Тогда я навещу его завтра (не было запланировано, я решил только что)
The Simple Present Tense
Для выражения будущего времени также иногда используется время The Simple Present Tense, но, только если речь идет не о людях, а о расписании поездов, самолетов, о списках, программах и т.п. Например, My plane leaves at 9 a.m. – мой самолет взлетит в 9 утра.
The shop closes at 22:00 – Магазин закроется в 22:00
The film begins at 9 p.m. – Фильм начнется в 9 вечера
Present Simple можно использовать, когда мы говорим о людях, в том случае, если их планы подчиняются расписанию:
• Carol starts her new job next week. – Кэрол начинает работать на новом месте на следующей неделе
• When father comes home I will ask him to help me with my Math homework – Когда папа придет домой, я попрошу его помочь мне с домашним заданием по математике.
• If she agrees, we will go to Spain for holiday. — Если она согласится, мы поедем в отпуск в Испанию.
Задания:
Дата добавления: 2020-04-25; просмотров: 165; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы! |
Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!