Б) о функциях главных составляющих пищи.
М.С. Иоаниди П.М. Пушнова
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ
По развитию навыков и умений чтения и устной речи
На английском языке для студентов пищевых колледжей
Москва
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
Целью данной работы является формирование и развитие умений и навыков чтения на базе учебного материала по общепищевой тематике. Весь материал касается двух проблем: состава пищевых продуктов и важности питания.Предтекстовые упражнения позволяют снять лексические трудности текстов, формируя потенциальный словарь.Имеются также задания для ведения беседы по тематике текстов.
Предлагаемый материал может служить базой для подготовки студентов к чтению оригинальной научной литературы по специальности на английском языке на последующих этапах обучения иностранному языку.
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
Текст№ 1 " WhatisFood?"стр.3
Текст № 2 "Carbohydrates" стр. 8
Текст № 3 "Fats" стр. 12
Текст № 4 "Proteins" стр. 15
Текст № 5 " Vitamins" стр. 17
Текст № 6 « Minerals»стр. 19
Текст № 7 «Cereals and cereal products» стр . 21
Текст № 8 «Breadmaking» стр . 23
Текст № 9«Confectionery production» стр . 29
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Текст № 10«Progress in confectionery production» стр . 33
TEXT N 1 "WHAT IS FOOD?"
Active Vocabulary
food, foods/foodstuffs; nutrition, nutrient, nutritive, nutritious, nutritionist; to nourish, nourishment; to eat (ate, eaten); to take in, intake; to digest, digestion, digestible; capacity; ability, able/capability, capable; to constitute, constituent; to compose, composition, component; to make up/to build up; to meet the need/requirement; to make contribution; amount, quantity; to lose (lost, lost); to repair; to supplement; to define, definition, definite; to refer to; to accept; to regard; to list; essential, adequate, complex
PRE-TEXT EXERCISES
1. Переведите на русский язык данные словосочетания.
to stop the growth;to lose the capacity to work; to supply the body with food; to consume nutritive food; to define complex substances;
to regulate body processes; to meet body’s needs for energy; to depend upon the ability of the body; to classify food constituents into several groups; to make up/to constitute the largest quantity of food constituents; to list chief constituents; to eat/to take in various foods; to supplement the list of food constituents, to accept bread, milk, meat, eggs and vegetables as staple foods, to build and repair tissues; to regard as a particular function; to refer to substances.
Укажите номера русских эквивалентов.
1. if 2 .often 3 .as 4. Both ... and 5. primarily 6. though 7. through
I. главным образом 2. как ... так и З. хотя 4. часто 5. в качестве 6. если 7. посредством / через
Food is essential to the nutrition of any human being or any form of life. If there is no food there is no life; if the amount or kind of food is inadequate, growth is stopped and the capacity to work is lost.
The term “food” is commonly used to refer to those substances that form a part of the usual diet. Milk, eggs, tomatoes, and flour are accepted as foods. Scientifically speaking foods are not so much substances that we eat as substances that supply certain nutrients when eaten. Foods, then are defined as those substances which when taken into the body, supply energy, build and repair tissues, and regulate body processes. Foods, which we eat, are often complex substances, capable of meeting more than one of these body needs. One food may supply both energy and building material, another may regulate body processes and give energy. The contribution that a food makes to the body depends upon its constituents and the ability of the body to utilize them. The chief constituents of foods are classified into six groups: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins and water.
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The body’s need for energy is met through carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Its need for building and repairing tissues is primarily met by proteins and minerals, though these are supplemented by the other constituents. The regulation of body processes is commonly regarded as particular function of water, proteins, vitamins, minerals, organic acids and cellulose. Though water, proteins, carbohydrates, and fats make up the largest quantity of the food constituents used the others listed are also essential.
Задания
1. Ответьтенавопросы :
1. Why is food essential to the nutrition? 2. What are the chief constituents of foods? 3. What is the main function of food? 4. Why should people eat?
2. Кратко расскажите по-английски:
а) как определяется пища с научной точки зрения;
б) о функциях главных составляющих пищи.
ASSIGNMENTS
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