VIII . Прочтите 2-й абзац текста и письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы.
1. Why do large companies often invest money in research and development?
2. Can we say that British government does nothing to develop the economy of Scotland?
Вариант №5
I Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием - s (- es ) и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:
а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite ;
Б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;
В) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного (см. образец выполнения).
Переведите предложения на русский язык
1. The people in Scotland, Wales and Ireland keep their historical traditions and their languages.
2. Democratic principles guarantee freedom and independence to its press.
3. She agreed to give me her friend’s telephone number.
4. The building houses both physical and chemical laboratories.
II Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода определений, выраженных именем существительным (см. образец выполнения 2).
1. Many people like to watch nine o’clock news.
2. The travel agents offer cut-price flights to New Deli.
3. British products enjoy a good reputation on the world market.
4. Among the Oxford University graduates there were many famous personalities.
III Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения и переведите их на русский язык.
1. The most important of all British symbols is the National flag.
2. Automobiles are the biggest source of pollution in big cities.
3. The nearer is the summer, the longer are the days.
4. The Lake District is the most beautiful corner of England.
IV Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложение на русский язык. В разделе (б) обратите внимание на особенности перевода пассивных конструкций (см. образец выполнения 3).
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a) 1. How long did it take you to translate the text?
2. The University team hasn’t won a single game.
3. Most British students choose to go to university a long way from their native town.
4. Students who are studying for degrees go to large formal lectures.
b) 1. The principal street in English towns is usually lined with shops.
2. From Norman times British monarchs have been crowned and later have been buried in Westminster Abbey.
3. All major car plants in Britain are owned by foreign companies.
4. Business letters from London were being received by the top manager all the time last week.
V Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложение на русский язык. В разделе (б) обратите внимание на особенности перевода пассивных конструкций (см. образец выполнения 3).
1. The plane is to land in half an hour.
2. We can read information from a book, a computer cannot.
3. British students do not have to pay to go to university, but do need money to live away from home.
4. You should be very attentive while crossing the street.
VI Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык .
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1. Looking nervously around, the man picked up the wallet lying on the ground.
2. Many young people don’t like smoking girls.
3. From England the hoop (обруч для нижней юбки) came to France brought there by visiting English women.
4. When asked, she couldn’t say a word.
VII Прочтите и устно переведите текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2, 3, 4, 5-й абзацы.
Higher Education in Great Britain
1 There is a considerable enthusiasm for post-school education in Britain. The aim of the government is to increase the number of students at higher schools. The reason has been mainly economic. It is assumed that the more people who study at degree level, the more likely the country is to succeed economically. A degree is the qualification a person gets from university when he passes final exams. Graduates are awarded Bachelor’s Degrees1: a BA (Bachelor of Arts), BSc (Bachelor of Science) or BEd (Bachelor of Education). The normal length of the degree course is three years; some courses, such as language or medicine may be one or two years longer.
2 Higher education in Britain is traditionally associated with universities, though education of University standard is also given in colleges and institutes of higher education, which can award their own degrees. All universities in England and Wales are state universities including Oxford and Cambridge. These two universities often called Oxbridge are the oldest and most prestigious in Great Britain. They appeared in the 12th-13th centuries.
3 Oxford is the second largest university in Britain after London. Like Cambridge it consists of a number of colleges: twenty-four colleges for men, five for women and another five for both men and women members. Outstanding scientists work in the colleges of the University teaching and doing research work in natural sciences, literature, modern and ancient languages, art, music, and so on.
4 The second group of universities comprise so called ‘redbrick’ universities which had appeared by 1900 in new industrial cities to provide technical study. The third group includes universities founded after the Second World War and later in the 1960s. Sometimes they are called ‘concrete and glass’ universities. They tend to emphasize ‘new’ academic disciplines and make greater use than other universities of teaching in small groups. During this period the government set up thirty Polytechnics. Some of them offer full-time2 and sandwich courses. In the early 1990s most of the polytechnics became universities.
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5 There are a variety of other British higher institutions, which offer higher education. Some like the Royal College of Arts, the Cornfield Institute of Technology and various Business Schools, have university status, while others provide courses with strong vocational aspect. The university system also provides a national network of extra-mural departments3 which offer academic courses for adults after they have left schools of higher education.
Пояснения к тексту:
1Bachelor’s Degree – степень (диплом) бакалавра
2full-time courses - занятия по дневной форме обучения
3extra-mural departments – отделения заочной формы обучения
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