Exercise 11. Put one of the following words in each space in the sentences below.
The world food crisis
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Some countries have too much food, some have too little. It seems simple and logical to put these two facts …1… and solve the problem by having the developed countries produce more and send the excess food to …2… that need it.
In the past, some of the richer countries have given poorer …3… the food they need …4… credit and many developing countries, …5… have run up huge foreign debts. The fundamental reason …6… these countries economic problems is that a workforce suffering …7… malnutrition cannot function efficiently.
The gap …8… the developed and the developing nations continues to increase year …9… year and there are more hungry mouths in the world …10… ever before. We must attack the root of the problem by increasing the supply of food to the developing nations now …11… future generations will become strong enough to feed themselves and to increase their own productivity.
Exercise 12. Read the information about urban development. Then complete the text with the present perfect passive or past perfect passive form of the verbs in brackets.
In many countries in recent years, areas of urban land which were once used for industrial purposes (redevelop) for other purposes. In London, for example, the Docklands (transform) since the 1980s. The docks (build) in the 19th century when London was a busy port, but by the 1980s most business (lose) and many docks (close). This left large areas of derelict land, and many people without jobs. Since the 1980s, £10 billion (€14.7 billion) (spend) on the project. 600 hectares of derelict land (improve), 90 km of new roads (build). 80.000 new jobs (create) and 24,000 new homes (construct). In addition to this, 100,000 new trees (plant) and 130 hectares of parks (create). Cultural venues such as the Docklands Arena (open). Some local people do not agree with all the things that (do), as houses here are expensive, and most jobs are in media, IT or business. On the other hand, a declining area of the city (give) a new lease of life.
Exercise 13. Complete the text with the verbs in brackets and a form of can or have to.
Rapid population growth (cause) problems. The government (provide) more hospitals, schools and jobs, farmers (produce) more food and all the extra people (have) homes. In a less economically developed country, the economy (grow) fast enough to deal with the problems. Many countries realize that they (control) population growth.
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Some countries believe they can encourage family planning through education and publicity. Other countries believe that they have such a serious problem that they (take) special measures to control the number of people. In China, for example, there is a "one child" policy. Couples (ask) permission from the government to marry, and women (be) at least 26 years old. The couple then (ask) permission to have a child, and are allowed only one.
Exercise 14. Complete the text with the most of, all of and none of.
However hard they try to solve the problem, … the world's large cities suffer from traffic problems, … them were not planned to cope with so many vehicles, so the streets are narrow, and there is not enough space for parking. A number of different solutions to this problem have been suggested, but … them has been completely successful. For example, many cities try to discourage the use of private cars in the centre, but even so it is impossible to keep … the traffic away.
As … the larger shops, offices, hotels, railway stations etc are in the centre of the city, there will always be a need for buses and taxis and some private cars. An obvious answer is to move … the hotels, offices and large stations out of the city centre. It would be impossible to move … them, but it would still make the situation better. The new areas would have plenty of parking and public transport, so they would have … the problems of the old city centre.
Exercise 15. Complete the text with the suitable words.
| The pollution in Hong Kong is a … problem.
 We have … pollution which makes the rivers and the sea very dirty. Some seafood is no longer … to eat now.
We have … pollution because of the … made by cars and factories.
… pollution is also getting worse because of the … and traffic in our streets.
If we allow this to go on, Hong Kong will become a … place to live in. Therefore we must do something before it is too … .
 If we don't stop making a lot of smoke, we won't have … to breathe.
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PART 4. TEST YOURSELF
Variant 1
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