Задание 8.1. Подберите к каждому слову из колонки А соответствие из колонки B
1) oak a)сосна
2) maple b)береза
3) poplar c)лиственница
4) pine d)клен
5) spruce e)дуб
6) hemlock f)тополь
7) fur g)ель
8) larch h)болиголов
9) birch i)пихта
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| e | D | F | A | G | H | I | c | B |
Задание 8.2 Ответьте на вопросы.
• What is the difference between the region of East Asia and South Asia? – The forest of East Asia are mainly situated in temperate or cool zones and hence do not differ in principle from the American or European forests. The forests of South Asia are mainly of tropical type, more similar to those of Africa and South America.
• What is special about China forests? – China has now five or six thousand years of destructive action of man, a forested area covering only 9 percent of the country.
• What species grow in subtropical zone? – In the subtropical zone evergreen broadleaf trees, such as several species of oak, occur together with palms, tree ferns and bamboos.
• Is Korea a well- forested country? – Korea is well forested, that is to about 80 percent. However, heavy demand and lack of control resulted in great devastation and the remaining forests are thin.
• Are climatic zones of Japan similar to those of China? – The climatic zones of Japan are similar to those of China.
Задание 8.3 Верны ли следующие утверждения (Ttue/ False)
• China has a forested area covering 9 per cent of the country. – True
• The warm-temperate zone includes the area along the Potomac River in China. – False
• In North Korea a cool-temperate zone contains a birch, an oak, a maple and a poplar. – False
• About two-thirds of Japan area is covered with forests. – True
• There are two forest zones in China, warm-temperate and cool-temperate. – False
Forests of Africa and Australia
Africa, apart from its equatorial tropical forests, is poorly forested. Vast deserts steppes and savannas extend north and south of that forest belt, leaving fairly narrow coastal districts to the extreme north and south with limited forest areas. The forests in the regions, bordering on the deserts have to combat hot and dry climate, and, once removed, they find it difficult to recover. The biological composition of African forests is extremely complex and various by regions. Only comparatively few species have so far proved to be of commercial interest, making general exploitation of African forests difficult and expensive. Altogether about forty species are exported. African eucalyptus and pines may become of interest for pulp and paper industry.
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The Australian forest flora consists predominantly of evergreen hardwoods, mainly eucalyptus. Conifers are also found there, mainly cypress pine. The wild eucalyptus forests form the base of an important timber and are widely used in pulping industry. They are mostly old and rather slow-growing forests. On good sites, however, many of eucalyptus species are capable of very high production.
Vocabulary:
apart from - не считая,
various – различный,
equatorial – экваториальный,
species – порода,
poorly – бедный,
so far - до сих пор,
vast – широкий,
prove – оказывать,
extend – тянуться,
commercial – промышленный,
fairly – довольно,
expensive – дорогой,
narrow – узкий,
pine – сосна,
coastal – прибрежный,
pulp and paper industry - бумажная промышленное,
extreme – крайний,
predominantly - в основном,
area – площадь,
evergreen – вечнозеленый,
border- граничить,
hardwood - лиственная порода,
desert - пустыня,
conifers - хвойная порода,
combat - преодолевать,
timber - пиломатериал,
remove - удалять,
pulping industry - целлюлозная промышленность,
recover - восстанавливать,
site - участок,
composition - состав
Задание 8.4. Ответьте на вопросы :
• Is Africa well-forested? – Africa is poorly forested.
• What is the biological composition of African forests? – The biological composition of African forests is extremely complex and various by regions.
• Are all the species of commercial interest? – Only comparatively few species have so far proved to be of commercial interest, making general exploitation of African forests difficult and expensive.
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• What species does the Australian forest consist of? – The Australian forest flora consists predominantly of evergreen hardwoods, mainly eucalyptus. Conifers are also found there, mainly cypress pine.
• Are eucalyptus capable of high production? – On good sites many of eucalyptus species are capable of very high production.
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