Choose the correct answer a, b, or c .
1. Ben writes very quickly. He’s …. finished his essay.
a) already b) for c) yet
2. What are you going to do? – I don’t know. I haven’t decided …. .
a) just b) since c) yet
3. I’ve …. to London. I went there in June.
a) been b) gone c) just
4. Have you … done any skiing?
a) ever b) for c) just
5. My boyfriend hasn’t rung …. week.
a) for b) last c) this
6. I haven’t seen that coat before. How …. have you had it?
a) already b) long c) since
7. The girls have …. to the cinema. They won’t be back until ten o’clock.
a) already b) been c) gone
8. I haven’t seen my parents …. last Christmas.
a) before b) for c) since
9. This is the first …. I’ve ever lived away from home.
a) already b) since c) time
10. This programme must be new. I’ve …. seen it before.
a) ever b) never c) yet
Read the text about Martha Schwarz, a freelancephotographer. Complete it with for and since.
A photographer’s life
I’ve had three different homes ______ I was born. My family and I lived in a small flat _______ the first five years of my life, then we moved to a larger one after my second sister was born. My parents have lived there _______ then, and don’t want to move anywhere else because they love the area.
I moved out when I got engaged and I’ve lived in a small house near the Danube _____ the last seven years. My husband and I have been married _______ almost five years now and we’re expecting our second child soon. We already have a daughter – it was her second birthday yesterday – and so we’re hoping for a son this time. I’ve been pregnant ______ February.
I’ve been a professional photographer ______ nearly six years now and I love it. I worked for ‘Newsweek’ ______ four years and I’ve been freelance ______ I left. I prefer working for myself, although I miss all the fun of working in an office – and the gossip of course!
My favourite camera is my old Nikon 601. I’ve had it ______ my 21st birthday. I must have taken about twenty thousand photos with it, and it still works perfectly!
The P resent Perfect Continuous Tense
(Настоящее совершенное длительное время)
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Present Perfect Continuous указывает на действие, которое началось в прошлом, продолжалось в течение некоторого времени и либо закончилось непосредственно перед разговором или все еще продолжается в момент разговора.
I have been waiting here for 2 hours!
Я прождал здесь два часа!
We have been preparing for our exam since morning.
Мы готовились к экзамену с самого утра.
Образование Present Perfect Continuous
Present Perfect Continuous образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be во времени Present Perfect (have been/has been) и причастия настоящего времени (форма V-ing) смыслового глагола.
Утвердительные предложения:
| I have been playing | We have been playing |
| You have been playing | You have been playing |
| He / she / it has been playing | They have been playing |
В вопросительном предложении вспомогательный глагол to have выносится на место перед подлежащим, а остальная часть сказуемого располагается после него:
| Have I been playing? | Have we been playing? |
| Have you been playing? | Have you been playing? |
| Has he / she / been playing? | Have they been playing? |
В отрицательных предложениях за вспомогательным глаголом to have следует отрицательная частица not:
| I have not been playing | We have not been playing |
| You have not been playing | You have not been playing |
| He / she / it has not been playing | They have not been playing |
У потреблени е Present Perfect Continuous:
- Действие, которое началось в прошлом, продолжалось в течение некоторого времени и все еще продолжается в момент разговора:
The workers have been trying to move our wardrobe for half an hour, go help them.
Рабочие вот уже полчаса пытаются сдвинуть наш шкаф с места, помоги им.
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- Действие, которое началось в прошлом, продолжалось в течение некоторого времени и закончилось непосредственно перед разговором:
Do you like this cake? I have been baking it since morning.
Тебе нравится этот пирог? Я пекла его с самого утра.
Указатели времени
При употреблении Present Perfect Continuous обычно указывается период времени, в течение которого совершается действие: for an hour (в течение часа), for a long time (долгое время), since 6 o’clock (с 6 часов), all my life (всю жизнь), all this week (month, year) – всю эту неделю (весь месяц, год) и др.
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