Exercise 3.6. The following sentencesare used to talk about (difficult) issues. Complete them with the preposition in the box.
1 We will have to deal with the problem of marine environment pollution.
2 How shall we cope with chlorofluorocarbons that are used in refrigerators, aerosol cans and in the manufacture of some plastic products?
3 If we don’t solve this problem now, we’ll get into serious trouble in the nearest future.
4 We will have to take care of this problem now.
5 We are currently having difficulties with this experiment.
6 Let’s now move on to the question we were discussing earlier.
7 We must identify the cause of the problem before we look for solutions.
Exercise 3.7. Match the beginnings and endings of the following sentences.
| 1 It will take about 20 minutes F | A of my first point. |
| 2 I’ll be handing out copies of the slides D | B what we were discussing earlier. |
| 3 There will be time for J | C facts we should take a look at. |
| 4 This brings me to the end A | D at the end of my talk |
| 5 Before I move on, H | E a few points before we start. |
| 6 Let’s go back to B | F to cover these issues. |
| 7 With regard to planning, we need G | G more background information. |
| 8 Moreover, there are other interesting C | H I’d like to recap the main points. |
| 9 Of course we’ll have to clarify E | I we’ll run into serious trouble soon. |
| 10 If we don’t solve this problem now, I | J questions after my presentation. |
Exercise 3.8. Are these words and expressions used to make contrasts or add additional information to support a point? Put them into the correct category.
1 moreover the results of a recent piece of research provide compelling evidence in support of…
2 Scholar A’s opinion, then, is based on insufficient evidence. as well asScholar B’s opinion seems more plausible
3 The plural of ‘shelf’ is ‘shelves’. similarly the plural of ‘wolf’ is ‘wolves’.
4 coupled with the literary evidence, the statistics paint a compelling view of…
5 The evidence ostensibly appears to point to this conclusion. furthermore much of the evidence is unreliable at best
6 Scholar A thinks this. in comparison Scholar B reached a different conclusion.
7 on the other hand there is evidence to suggest that…
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8 One piece of evidence is not enough to prove it. yet not everyone agrees that this is the most important aspect of the situation
9 Of course, cars are very useful. But what’s more they cause a huge amount of pollution.
10 Scholar A argued that this was due to X, that said/then again Y.
11 however this isn’t the only evidence that supports this hypothesis.
12 Scholar A believes X. likewiseScholar B argues compellingly in favour of this point of view.
More information about the use of the words and expressions above you find out in Appendix 2
Exercise 3.9. Make the following sentences to appear more polite using the words and phrases in the box.
1 (a) I suppose the idea of passwords, which have been used as security devices for thousands of years, (b) might need rethinking.
2 I think that biomimetic solar panels, which move with the sun,(c) would be created by using alternative materials and designs.
3 They (d) could be useful in developing areas, where motor-based sun-tracking panels are not affordable.
4 Also, (e) as far as I’m aware solar cells that track the sun (f) would probably be more efficient at generating power than those in a fixed position.
5 (g) I don’t believe that all these factors are responsible for this disturbing development.
6 The use of drugs, especially antibiotics, (h) it seems to me that has led to the establishment of resistant strains of diseases.
Exercise 3.10. Prepare the Main Part of your presentation using phrases in the unit and the following plan:
Ø Briefly state your topic again.
Ø Explain your objective(s).
Ø Signal the beginning of each point.
Ø Talk about your topic.
Ø Signal the end of each part.
Ø Highlight the main points.
Ø Tell listeners you have reached the end of the main part.
UNIT 4. Let’s Look at This Slide…
In pairs, discuss the following questions:
· Which types of visuals do you use most frequently in your presentations?
(During a presentation we can use different kinds of visuals: a bar chart, a table, a technical drawing, a map, a graph, a pie chart, organizational chart)
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· What is important when presenting visuals?
(The key purpose for using visual aid is to help the audience understand the topic better.)
· What tips can you think of for using visuals effectively?
(they should be clear and easy for the audience to follow.)
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