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LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
ˈWhy do ˈpeople ˈlearn ˈforeign ˎlanguages? They ˎdo it | for communiˈcation or ˎbusiness, they ˈwant to ˏread | ˈforeign ˏbooks | in the oˏriginal | for ˏpleasure | or to imˈprove their proˈfessional ˎskills. ˈLearning ˈforeign ˏlanguages | ˈhelps the ˏstudent | to underˈstand ˈother ˎpeoples, their ˏculture | and ˈways of ˎlife. It deˈvelops persoˏnality, ˈbroadens the ˏoutlook | and perˈfects the ˈstudent’s ˏknowledge | of ˈhis orˏher | ˈown ˈmother ˎtongue.
ˈLearning ˏEnglish | or ˈany ˋother .foreign ˏlanguage| ˈtakes a ˈlot of ˈtime and ˎeffort. It inˈvolves ˈhard ˎwork | and a ˈlot of ˈmemoriˎzation, but can ˈalso be a ˈlot of ˎfun. Proˈnunciˏation | is a ˈweak ˈpoint of all beˎginners. There's ˈoften some ˈpalataliˏzation | or deˈvoicing of ˎconsonants or the ˈwrong articuˈlation of ˎvowels. To proˈnounce the ˈsounds disˈtinctly and ˎbeautifully | ˈstudents should ˈlisten to a ˈgreat ˈnumber of ˎtapes, ˈimitating the ˈnative ˎspeakers | and ˈlearning ˎpassages | by ˎheart.
ˈSometimes phoˈnetics ˈcomes ˎeasy, but ˈstudents have ˈproblems with ˏspelling | or ˎgrammar. ˈLearning ˈgrammar ˏrules, ˈdoing ˏexercises | and ˈwriting ˈfrequent ˏtests, may ˈseem conˈfusing and ˎboring, but there are ˏpoems, ˏsongs, ˏacting | and ˎgames | which can ˈhelp ˏstudents | to ˈget ˈrid of their misˏtakes | in the ˈshortest ˈpossible ˎtime.
ˈGood ˎspeech habits | are ˈvery imˈportant ˎtoo. To deˋvelop ˏthem | ˈone should ˈuse ↑every ˈchance to ˎspeak English. At ˅first beˈginners may ˈfeel emˎbarrassed | or ˎtongue-tied, but ˈthen they'll beˈcome ˈmore and ˈmore ˎconfident | and ˎhappy | to be ˈable to exˎpress themselves | in aˈnother ˎtongue.
Of ˈcourse there are ˈstudents and ˋstudents. ˈSome are ˈboth ˈcapable and ˎdiligent. They ˈhang on the ˈteacher's ˈevery ˏword, ˈtake ˈnotes of ˈeverything, that may beˈcome ˏuseful | and ˈsit up ˏlate to preˈpare for their ˎclasses. They ˈnever ˈstay aˈway from ˏclasses | without a ˈgood ˏexcuse | and ˈtry ˈnot to ˈlag beˈhind the ˎgroup.
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ˈOthers ˈaren't so ˈbright and ˎhardworking. ˈSometimes they are ˈtoo ˎlazy | and ˎslap-dash | to preˈpare ˎproperly; they ˈmiss ˏlectures, ˈcut ˈclasses in ˏEnglish | and ˈwork by ˈfits and ˎstarts.
ˏBut | “ˈno ˏpains, ˈno ˎgains” | and it's ˈonly →natural | you must ˈwork ˎhard | to ˈmake ˈprogress in ˎEnglish, ˈmaster the ˏlanguage | and beˈcome a ˈtrue proˎfessional.
VOCABULARY
1. to learn; to study; to find out; to get to know;
to go to school; to be at university; to do (take) a subject; to leave (finish) school;
fresher; first-year student, in the first year, junior student; senior student;
to graduate from; graduate; postgraduate; term paper; graduation thesis (theses); to get a diploma;
principal; dean; deputy dean; dean's office; monitor; group register; list of (students);
to mark the attendance; on (according to) the timetable; student’s record book; library card;
exercise book; rough copy (rough essay); note; doctor's note;
holiday; holidays; to be on holiday; vacation;
term; semester (AmE); academic year; school year; examination period; entrance exams;
to have a lesson (a class, an exam) in English, to have a lecture (a seminar) on Psychology;
to take a preliminary course; to do research work.
2. to take a (final) test in a subject (on Lesson 10, on articles); to take one's exam;
to pass one’s exam; to give (get) a pass in; to fail (an exam) in a subject;
to fail to do smth; My memory (nerve, courage etc) failed me.
to re-sit an exam (BrE); to repeat a year; to rely on one's memory;
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to give, take a tutorial; to take (have) extra classes; spare (pen, time);
to lag behind (the group) in a subject; to catch up with the group; to help smb with smth; in class; to stay after classes; to be at home in grammar; to speak fluently; to lack fluency;
to do (get on) well in English; to be good at; to understand; to realise.
3. to prepare for; to get ready for; to read for; to look up the word in the dictionary;
to repeat; to revise; to review; to go over again; to brush up on; to look through;
practice; to practise; to work on/at; to translate from Russian into English; in translation; in writing; in written form; orally; homework; to mark (to correct); to underline;
to get (give) an excellent (a good, satisfactory, bad) mark;
to get (give) a five / “five”; to get (give) a mark in a subject / for a test, dictation, essay;
to make a bad (serious, careless) mistake; a slip of the tongue; a slip of the pen; a misprint.
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