CLIMATE AND WEATHER IN GREAT BRITAIN 9 страница
at the chemist's ['kemistsj в аптеке
complication [jompli'keijn] осложнение
to follow one's recommendations следовать
рекомендациям
I can't help telling я не могу не рассказать
weakness ['wi:knis] слабость
insomnia [irrsomnia] бессоница
memory loss потеря памяти
liver [live] печень
patient ['peifantj пациент
to cure [kjua] излечивать
desease [di'zhz] болезнь
quiet f'kwaiat] тихий, спокойный
to have a good rest хорошо отдохнуть
to take long walks много ходить пешком
rule [ru:l] правило
Eat at pleasure ['р!езэ], drink with measure ['meja]
and enjoy life as it is. Ешьте вволю, пейте в меру
и наслаждайтесь жизнью.
to be well хорошо себя чувствовать
to smoke [smauk] курить
cheerful ['tfiaful] бодрый
at my age [eid3] в моем возрвсте
Questions
1. Do you agree with the saying "Health is the greatest wealth"?
2. The doctor recommended his patient to follow the rule: "Eat at pleasure, drink with measure and enjoy life as it is." What do you think of this piece of advice?
3. When were you last ill? What did you complain of?
4. Did you see the doctor?
5. Did you have to stay in bed?
6. What treatment did the doctor prescribe?
7. How long did it take you to get well?
8. Have you ever had complications after a disease? Which did you take harder, the disease itself or the complications after it?
9. What do you usually do when you have a headache?
10. How often do you go to the dentist to check your teeth?
11. How long does it usually take you to recover from cold?
12. Have you ever been operated on? Was it serious?
Hobbies and Pastimes
HOBBIES
Hobbies differ like tastes. If you have chosen a hobby according to your character and taste you are lucky because your life becomes more interesting.
Hobbies are divided into four large classes: doing things, making things, collecting things, and learning things.
The most popular of all hobby groups is doing things. It includes a wide variety of activities, everything from gardening to travelling and from chess to volleyball.
Gardening is one of the oldest of man's hobbies. It's a well-known fact that the English are very fond of gardening and growing flowers, especially roses.
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Both grown-ups and children are fond of playing different computer games. This is a relatively new hobby but it's becoming more and more popular.
Making things includes drawing, painting, making sculpture, designing costumes, handicrafts. Two of the most famous hobby painters were President Eisenhower and Sir Winston Churchill. Some hobbyists write music or play musical instruments.
Almost everyone collects something at some period in his life: stamps, coins, matchboxes, books, records, postcards, toys, watches. Some collections have no real value. Others become so large and so valuable that they are housed in museums and galleries. Many world-famous collections started in a small way with one or two items. People with a good deal of money often collect paintings, rare books and other art objects. Often such private collections are given to museums, libraries and public galleries so that others might take pleasure in seeing them.
No matter what kind of hobby a person has, he always has the opportunity of learning from it. By reading about the things he is interested in, he is adding to what he knows. Learning things can be the most exciting aspect of a hobby.
Names
Eisenhower ['aiznhaua] Эйзенхауэр (президент Winston Churchill [,winsten 'tfaitjil] Уинстон Черчилль
США с 1953 по 1961г.; знаменитый генерал (известный политический деятель, премьер-министр
американской армии во время IIмировой войны) Великобритании во время IIмировой войны)
Vocabulary
character ['kaerakta] характер
taste [teist] вкус
according [a'ko:dio] to по, согласно
to include [in'klu:d] включать
variety [va'raiati] разнообразие
activity [aek'tiviti] занятие
gardening f'ga:dnio] садоводство
grown-up [удгэип'лр] взрослый (человек)
relatively ['retetivli] относительно, сравнительно
drawing [-dro:ig] рисование
painting ['peintiij] живопись
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sculpture ['skAlptJa] скульптура
to design [di'zain] создавать, моделировать,
конструировать
costume ['kostju:m] одежда, костюм
handicraft ['haendikrarft] ремесло, ручная работа
hobbyist f'hobiist] любитель, человек имеющий
определенное хобби
to collect [ka'lekt] собирать
stamp марка
coin монета
matchbox спичечный коробок
record ['reko:d] пластинка
postcard ['paus(t)ka:d] почтовая открытка
value [vaelju:] ценность
valuable ['vaeljuabl] ценный, дорогой
to house [hauz] помещать, размещать
in a small way в малом масштабе, понемногу
item ['aitam] предмет
a good deal of много
rare [геэ] редкий
private ['praivit] частный, личный
to take pleasure in получать удовольствие от
no matter what kind of hobby a person has чем
бы человек ни увлекался
opportunity [ppa'tju:niti] возможность
to add добавлять
exciting [ik'saitirj] увлекательный, захватывающий
aspect f'aespekt] аспект, сторона
Questions
1. Tastes differ. Can you say the same about hobbies?
2. Have you chosen a hobby according to your character and taste?
3. Which hobby groups do you know?
4. The most popular hobby group is doing things, isn't it? What kind of activities does this group include?
5. What do you know about gardening?
6. Do you like computer games?
7. Are you fond of making things?
8. Do you know any famous hobbyists?
9. Have you ever collected anything?
10. What can be collected?
11. Do you know of any private collections that were given to museums or art galleries?
12. Do you agree that learning can be the most exciting aspect of a hobby?
MY FRIEND'S HOBBY
My friend Nick is very busy and he doesn't have much time to spare. But he's got a lot of hobbies and interests.
Five years ago Nick was fond of collecting stamps. His hobby helped him to learn a lot about other countries and other peoples' traditions, the world's flora and fauna. Maybe that's why he was good at geography and biology at school.
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He used to bring the albums to school and we examined his stamps with great interest and envy. Sometimes he exchanged stamps with his schoolmates.
When Nick was in the tenth form his parents bought him a compact disc player and Nick decided to collect compact discs. Today, he has got more than one hundred CDs of his favourite groups and singers! I think that he is very proud of his collection.
Every time Nick buys a new CD he carefully studies the information printed on disc booklets. He also tries to find out everything about the singers he likes. That's why he reads a lot of specialised magazines and books on the history of rock.
Nick never misses MTV shows — he thinks he must keep up with the news in the world of music. He says he likes all types of music except "rave".
He even writes letters to some fan-clubs in other countries, so he has to brush up his English.
Nick never misses a concert of his favourite group. He brings his compact discs to the concert and asks the singers for their autographs.
But in spite of his new hobby, Nick sometimes sits in his room and looks through his albums of stamps (with his earphones on, of course).
Names
MTV [,em ti: 'vi:] = music television (24-часовой музыкальный канал американского телевидения)
Vocabulary
time to spare ['spea] свободное время
flora f'fkxra] растительный мир
fauna ['fo:na] животный мир
to be good at быть способным к
envy f'envi] зависть
to exchange [iks'tjeind3] обмениваться
schoolmates школьные друзья
compact disc ['kompaekt 'disk] player проигрыватель
компакт-дисков
booklet ['buklit] вкладыш (к компакт-дискам)
specialised ['spejalaizd] специализированный
to keep up with быть в курсе, не отставать
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rave [reiv] рейв (музыкальный стиль) to brush up освежать (в памяти), восстанавливать
fan-club клуб любителей (той или иной группы) autograph ['o:tsgra:f] автограф
Questions
1. Nick doesn't have much time to spare, does he?
2. Why was he good at geography and biology at school?
3. What is his new hobby?
4. Why does Nick try not to miss MTV shows?
5. Do you think his English is good?
6. Have you ever written a fan letter to your favourite singer?
7. Are you fond of listening to music?
8. What kind of music do you prefer?
9. Do you play any musical instruments?
10. Have you ever collected anything?
11. What is your hobby?
12. What is your best friend's hobby?
13. Which of your friends collects stamps (records, compact discs, etc)?
14. Do you watch MTV?
15. How do you usually spend your leisure (['1езэ] досуг) time?
TRAVELLING
Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays travelling. They travel to see other countries and continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy picturesque places, or just for a change of scene. It's always interesting to discover new things, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms.
Those who live in the country like to go to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City-dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea or in the mountains, with nothing to do but walk and bathe and laze in the sun.
Most travellers and holiday-makers take a camera with them and take pictures of everything that interests them — the sights of a city, old churches and castles, views of mountains, lakes, valleys, plains, waterfalls, forests; different kinds of trees, flowers and plants, animals and birds.
Later, perhaps years later, they will be reminded by the photos of the happy time they have had.
People travel by train, by plane, by boat and by car.
All means of travel have their advantages and disadvantages. And people choose one according to their plans and destinations.
If we are fond of travelling, we see and learn a lot of things that we can never see or learn at home, though we may read about them in books and newspapers, and see pictures of them on TV. The best way to study geography is to travel, and the best way to get to know and understand people is to meet them in their own homes.
Vocabulary
ruins ['ridnz] руины, развалины
ancient ['einjant] древний
to enjoy [in'd30i] наслаждаться
picturesque [piktja'resk] живописный
change of scene [si:n] перемена обстановки
to discover [dis'k/we] открывать, обнаруживать
rhythm [ridm] ритм
art gallery ['gaeleri] картинная галерея
exotic [ig'zotik] экзотический
restaurant ['restront] ресторан
city-dweller ['dwele] горожанин
to bathe [beid] купаться
to laze [leiz] in the sun валяться на солнце
holiday-maker отдыхающий, отпускник
camera ['kaemare] фотоаппарат
to take pictures of фотографировать
sight ['salt] вид
church [tjaitj] церковь
castle f'ka:sl] замок
view [yju:] вид
valley [vaeli] долина
plain [plein] равнина
waterfall ['wo:tafo:l] водопад
to remind [ri'maind] напоминать
photo ['feutauj фотография
advantage [ed'va:ntid3] преимущество
disadvantage [,disad'va:ntid3] недостаток
destination [,desti'neijn] место назначения,
цель (путешествия, похода и т.п.)
Questions
1. Are you fond of travelling?
2. Why do people travel?
3. Why do people take a camera with them? What do they usually photograph?
4. What do we see and learn while travelling?
5. Do you agree that travelling broadens our minds?
6. How do different people spend their holidays?
7. What means of travel do you know? What are their advantages and disadvantages?
8. What places have you visited?
9. Have you ever taken a holiday cruise ([kru:z] круиз) along the Black Sea coast or down the Volga?
10. Some people prefer to travel on their own and hate travelling in a group. What about you?
11. What countries would you like to visit?
12. Do you like to explore new places?
13. If someone invited you to spend a week on a desert island, would you agree?
14. Do you believe that one day people will be able to travel hi space?
15. Would you like to go to Mars or some other planet?
MY LAST SUMMER HOLIDAYS
Ialways look forward to my summer holidays. In my opinion, there's nothing like the Russian countryside. We've got a small country house in a very picturesque place not far from Zagorsk. There's a river and a lake there. My friends and I often go swimming and boating there. I'm also fond of lying in the sun.
There's a lot offish in the lake, so I sometimes go fishing. I like to sit in silence for a while waiting for a fish to get caught and listening to the birds singing in the trees. When I happen to catch a fish I set it free at once, because I do fishing just for pleasure.
When it's very hot I usually go to the forest. The air is cool there. I like to walk in the shade of the trees and pick mushrooms and berries. I've got a dog called Jack. He becomes so happy when I take him with me to the forest.
Jack likes to run after butterflies or dragonflies. I sometimes play with him. I throw a stick and he brings it back to me.
But last summer my parents decided to go to some other place for a change. They made up their minds to go to the Crimea. I think it was the greatest mistake they had ever made. This, in a nutshell, is what happened.
To begin with, it was very difficult to find a place to stay. We rented a room in a house a long way from the sea. It was the only place we managed to get. It took us about half an hour to get to the beach. But it didn't matter, as it turned out a few days later. Suddenly our happy sunny days were over. It started to rain. It occasionally cleared up for a while but then the rain went on again. All we could do was to spend all our time in the cinema or in a cafe. It was impossible to leave because we had made reservations beforehand and we had to spend another week there.
I had never seen so many films in my life. By the end of the week I got very tired of the cinema and I could only lie on the bed reading books or staring at the ceiling.
At last the happy day of our departure came. You can't imagine how astonished we were. The sun began to shine early in the morning. It seemed to me that it was laughing at us.
After that holiday we decided to spend every summer in the country.
Names
the Crimea [krai'mia] Крым
Vocabulary
to look forward ['fcxwad] to с нетерпением ждать
чего-либо
in my opinion [a'pinjan] по-моему
there's nothing like нет ничего лучше
countryside ['kAntrisaid] сельская местность
picturesque [piktja'resk] живописный
to be fond of doing smth увлекаться чем-либо,
любить чем-либо заниматься
to lie in the sun загорать
for a while некоторое время
to wait for a fish to get caught ждать, когда
поймается рыбка
when I happen to когда я, случается...
to set free отпустить, освободить
at once сразу же
to do fishing заниматься рыбной ловлей
in the shade в тени
butterfly ['bAtaflai] бабочка
dragonfly ['draeganflai] стрекоза
for a change для разнообразия
to make up one's mind решить (что-либо
сделать)
in a nutshell ['rmtjel] вкратце
to rent снять (дом, комнату, квартиру)
to manage to do smth суметь что-либо сделать
as it turned out как оказалось
occasionally [a'keisnali] от случая к случаю, иногда
to clear up проясниться (о погоде)
to go on продолжать
to make reservations [,reza'veifnz] забронировать,
заказать заранее
beforehand [bi'fo:hsend] заблаговременно
to stare [stea] at smth уставиться на что-либо
to be astonished [a'stonift] быть в изумлении
Questions
1. Where do you usually spend your summer holidays?
2. Do you always look forward to your summer holidays?
3. What do you usually do in summer?
4. Do you like to go swimming (boating)?
5. Are you fond of lying in the sun?
6. What do you usually do in hot weather?
7. Are you fond of fishing?
8. What do you enjoy doing in the evenings?
9. Have you ever been to the Crimea?
10. Where did you spend your last summer holidays?
11. What is your idea of an ideal holiday?
12. Where would you like to spend your next summer holidays?
MY FAVOURITE SEASON
There are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter. Every season is beautiful in its own way.
When spring comes nature awakens from its long winter sleep. The days become longer and the nights become shorter. The ground is covered with emeraldgreen grass and spring flowers. The air is fresh, the sky is blue and cloudless, and the sun shines brightly. The trees are in full blossom. The nightingale begins to sing its lovely songs, and sweet melodies may be heard from every wood and park. The days are warm and everything is full of life and joy.
Spring is followed by summer. The weather is usually fine in summer, but it can be very hot, especially in July. Sometimes there are storms with thunder and lightning. In summer people try to get away from the city noise and spend more time in the open air. They pick mushrooms and berries in the forest, swim in the rivers and lakes, go fishing and boating. Most people prefer to have their holidays in summer.
Autumn begins in September. The days become shorter and the nights become longer. The leaves turn yellow, red and brown and fall to the ground.
Most birds fly away to warm countries. There's a short spell of dry sunny weather in September which is called Indian Summer. It's a beautiful time when the sky is cloudless, the trees around are golden, the air is transparent and it's still warm. But gradually it gets colder and colder. It often rains in October and November which makes autumn an unpleasant season.
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