Which alternative is correct?
1. When Ann changed her job, she … move to another flat.
a) has to b) had to c) should
2. Mr Smith … cook his own meals. His wife is away.
a) must b) has to c) should
3. Jack is so mean. – I think you … say it to him yourself.
a) must b) have to c) should
4. You … throw things in the science laboratory. It’s extremely dangerous.
a) have to b) mustn’t c) don’t have to
5. I … hand in my essay tomorrow. I’ve got two more days to write it.
a) have to b) mustn’t c) don’t have to
6. My ex-boyfriend has invited me to his wedding party. – You … go there.
a) haven’t to b) mustn’t c) shouldn’t
7. It’s my granny’s birthday on Sunday. I … remember to send her a card.
a) have to b) can c) must
8. When I went to school, I … practise the piano for three hours a day.
a) should b) had to c) must
9. It’s an absolutely fantastic exhibition! You … go and see all the masterpieces!
a) must b) have to c) will have to
10. … finish this homework today?
a) Have you to b) Must you c) Do you have to
Use the correct form of must, have to or should (positive or negative form, present or past).
1. Passengers … smoke on board the plane.
2. We got lost and … ask a policeman the way to the hotel.
3. I don’t want the dentist to wait for me. I … arrive on time.
4. You … drink this liquid: it’s poison.
5. Do you think I … tell Peter the truth about his girlfriend?
6. I learnt a little Italian, but everybody spoke English, so I … speak Italian.
7. You … eat so many sweets. They aren’t good for you.
8. Sorry, but my bus is at 7:00. I … leave now.
9. Our restaurant is the best in the city! You … try our local specialty!
10. You … write a letter – a text message will be quite enough.
Correct these sentences.
1. Can he to come to the party with me?
2. Nick felt ill and must leave early.
3. You don’t have to leave your luggage in this area. It isn’t allowed.
4. Though we came to the hotel late, they kept our rooms. So we mustn’t find another hotel.
5. My mum works at home, so she hasn’t to do a lot of driving.
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6. You mustn’t to take any goods out of a shop without paying for them .
7. You look tired. You should to go to bed now.
8. Mary can’t meet me at the airport tomorrow. She should work.
9. You mustn’t bring an alarm clock. There’s one in every hotel room.
10. What have I to do with so many kittens?
Translate into English .
1. Ты слишком много работаешь. Я думаю, тебе следует взять отпуск и хорошенько отдохнуть.
2. Дети всегда очень счастливы летом. Им не нужно ходить в школу.
3. Этот новый фильм такой смешной! Обязательно посмотри его.
4. К сожалению, я не могу пойти с тобой в кино сегодня вечером. Мне придётся присматривать за младшим братом.
5. Моя машина сломалась вчера по пути домой, пришлось провести много времени в гараже.
6. Скоро лето. Я хочу быть в форме и прекрасно выглядеть. Нужно бегать по утрам!
7. Анне очень повезло. Ей не нужно готовить дома, её муж – повар, и обожает помогать жене на кухне.
8. Тебе не следует играть в компьютерные игры целыми днями. У тебя и так плохое зрение.
9. Нельзя пользоваться мобильными телефонами во время полёта.
10. Гарри придётся пойти завтра в банк. У него недостаточно денег, чтобы купить новый компьютер.
Unit 11
Time and Conditional Clauses
Part I
Time clauses
Exercise 1.1
Complete the sentences with when, before, as soon as, after, while, until, by the time.
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1. I’ll have lunch when I come home from work.
2. I’ll call you … my classes are over.
3. … mother cooks dinner, father will play with the children.
4. Will you wait for me … I finish packing?
5. Turn off the lights … you leave home.
6. The meeting will be over … we get there.
7. Jane will go to college … she leaves school.
8. The party won’t start … all the guests arrive.
9. We’re thinking of going to Spain for our holidays. … we decide to go, I’ll let you know.
10. Don’t write anything … I tell you.
11. … the bell rings, all the pupils will hand in their tests.
12. I won’t be happy to see her again … she apologizes to me.
13. We’ll deliver the goods to you … we can.
Exercise 1.2
Complete using the correct form of the verbs in the box.
| be (2) | catch | find | finish | get | graduate |
| hear | | return | see | take | unpack |
1. We’ll go out as soon as the shop opens .
2. Call me as soon as you … any news.
3. She’ll have to do a lot of revision before she … the exam.
4. Are they going to visit you while they … in the UK?
5. The lesson can’t start until the teacher … .
6. It’ll be great when we … a solution.
7. You drive first, and when you … tired, I’ll drive.
8. After we … the cathedral, we’ll go to the museum.
9. I’ll give everyone the souvenirs after I … all my bags.
10. Claire won’t stop worrying until she … from her daughter.
11. Before we … a train to the countryside, let’s decide where we are going to have a picnic.
12. Steven will have two qualifications by the time he … from university.
Exercise 1.3
Join the parts of the sentences using the words in brackets.
1. She’ll pay me back. She’ll get some money. (as soon as)
She’ll pay me back as soon as she gets some money.
2. You’ll get to the station. I’ll wait for you outside. (when)
3. I’ll go to work. I’ll have a bath. (before)
4. She’ll be in Paris. She’ll visit friends. (while)
5. The lesson will end. I’ll go home. (as soon as)
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6. I’ll learn the basics. We’ll have our first exam. (by the time)
7. Can you feed the cats? I’ll be away. (while)
8. I’ll tell you about the holiday. I’ll get back. (when)
9. I’ll study English. I’ll speak fluently. (until)
10. She’ll go to New York. Where will she stay? (when)
11. I’ll travel around Brazil. My visa will run out. (until)
12. Mike will give up his career. He’ll have a talk with his wife. (before)
13. The investigation will begin. The man will contact the police. (after)
14. Terry will score a goal. I think the crowd will start cheering. (as soon as)
Exercise 1.4
Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense. All the sentences are about the future.
1. I will give (give) you my phone number after I move (move) house.
2. … (phone) me when you … (be) in Madrid again.
3. We … (wait) for you until the taxi … (come).
4. You … (have) to write many letters of application before you … (get) your first job.
5. You … (stop) playing by the time it … (get) dark?
6. We … (not get) a table at the restaurant until we … (book) it.
7. While I … (be) abroad, I … (need) to keep in touch with my parents.
8. We … (have) to be careful with money when we … (have) a baby.
9. I … (start) cooking as soon as the kitchen … (be) totally clean.
10. Alison … (work) in the office for two more years before she … (retire).
11. As soon as the new programme … (come) out, it … (be) available for public use.
Part II
Conditional clauses
Exercise 2.1
Complete the sentences. Use the Zero conditional form.
1. If you/ heat/ water/ it/ boil If you heat water, it boils.
2. If you/ send/ an e-mail/ it/ be/ free
3. It/ be/ dangerous/ if you/ not wear/ a seatbelt
4. If you/ have/ an injection/ it/ not/ usually/ hurt
5. If you/ not water/ plants and flowers/ they/ die
6. If the sea/ not be/ calm/ it not be/ safe/ to swim
7. If the temperature/ fall/ below zero/ water/ freeze
8. If water/ boil/ it/ change/ into steam
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9. I/ always/ fly/ if I/ travel/ a long distance
10. If you/ not like/ aeroplane food/ you/ can/ order/ a special meal
11. If you/ practise/ you English/ every day/ you/ can/ improve it/ quickly
12. You/ not can/ be independent/ if/ you/ not take responsibility for yourself.
Exercise 2.2
Match the following parts of the sentences.
A
| 1. If I go on a diet, 2. If it’s sunny tomorrow, 3. If John doesn’t hurry, 4. If it snows, 5. If there are no buses, | a. we’ll make a snowman. b. Miranda will have to take a taxi. c. I’ll lose weight. d. he’ll be late. e. we’ll go for a picnic. |
B
| 1. If you make so much noise, 2. I’ll tell you 3. I won’t finish the work 4. If you’re hungry, 5. They won’t get married 6. You won’t understand | a. if there’re any messages for you. b. if you don’t help me. c. I won’t be able to sleep. d. if you don’t listen carefully. e. I’ll make you a sandwich. f. if he doesn’t get a job. |
Exercise 2.3
Compete the sentences. Use the First conditional.
1. If you/ join/ a gym/ I/ join/ too. If you join a gym, I will join too.
2. If you/ take/ these pills/ you/ start/ feel/ better/ very soon
3. If I/ go out/ I/ close/ the window
4. We/ catch/ the train/ if we/ run
5. If I/ not feel/ well/ tomorrow/ I/ stay at home
6. If she/ have/ time/ she/ call/ you
7. Mike/ support/ his daughter/ if she/ enter/ university
8. Polly/ be satisfied/ if she/ be successful/ in her career
9. If my company/ buy/ me/ a mobile/ I/ keep it on/ all the time
10. John/ accept/ the job offer/ if the employer/ agree to his conditions.
11. If we/ come to an arrangement/ tomorrow/ we/ start/ the business/ next week.
12. I/ be/ very careful/ if they/ offer me/ to work abroad.
Exercise 2.4
Write the questions.
1. What / Kevin / do/ he / fail the exam? What will Kevin do if he fails the exam?
2. Who / they / invite / their daughter / win the competition?
3. What / you / do / there / be a fire?
4. What / Albert / do / he / decide to set up his own business?
5. Who / you / ask for advice / you / have a problem?
6. What / happen / people / eat only fast food?
7. How much / Donna / earn/ she / star in that film?
8. Where / we / go shopping / the local store / not work?
9. When / I / find out the results / I / take the exam next week?
10. How long / you / stay in the US / you / not find a good job?
Part III
Time and conditional clauses
Exercise 3.1
Complete the sentences, putting the verbs in the correct tense.
1. If I find your book, I will give it to you. (find/give)
2. John … as a travel agent after he … . (work/graduate)
3. She … happy if she … that new job. (not be/not get)
4. I … for you if you … late. (not wait/be)
5. Barry … a lot while he … on holiday. (travel/be)
6. The boy … in bed until he … better. (stay/feel)
7. After he … his driving test, he … a car. (pass/buy)
8. She … to the United States before she … married. (return/get)
9. Julia … her family the presents after they … dinner. (give/have)
10. If the tourists … for a boat trip, they … a wonderful view of the mountains. (go/get)
11. When mum … what we’ve done, she … furious. (find out/be)
12. We … to see the Pyramids as soon as the sun … . (go/rise)
13. If it … chilly, I … you a jacket. (get/bring)
Exercise 3.2
Translate parts of the sentences from Russian into English.
1. If you finish early (я возьму тебя в театр).
2. (Ты найдешь географическую карту на полке) if you look carefully.
3. What will you do (если выиграешь 300 миллионов рублей)?
4. (Если полиция поймает вора) I’ll get my money back.
5. I’ll give it to him (когда он придет).
6. As soon as we get his address (мы напишем ему).
7. If I leave the fish on the table (мой кот съест ее).
8. The soup won’t taste good (пока ты не добавишь больше соли).
9. (Они увидят королеву) if they arrive in London at Christmas.
10. (Если вы не перестанете разговаривать) I’ll punish you.
11. (Как только Тиму исполнится 18 лет) he’ll take up a driving course.
12. When I arrive in Egypt (я попробую там местную кухню).
13. (Ты будешь пользоваться солнцезащитным кремом) before you go sunbathing?
14. I’ll believe this town is very pretty (после того как увижу его сам).
15. You won’t buy anything cheap (пока ты не пойдешь на рынок).
Exercise 3.3
There is one mistake in each sentence. Write the correct sentence.
1. If we’ll go shopping tomorrow, I’ll probably buy a new top.
2. If mum is tired tonight, I cook dinner.
3. If I won’t get a good mark at the test, I’ll be very annoyed.
4. You are tired in the morning if you don’t go to bed soon.
5. If you see Karen, do you ask her to call me?
6. Does Frank come with us if we go to the beach at the weekend?
7. If you need help, will tell you me!
8. I won’t book the tickets until you’ll tell me to.
9. I’ll come home as soon as the concert will finish.
10. He’ll send you a message before he’s going to leave.
11. We’ll have a perfect holiday if it won’t be too hot or too cold.
12. They need to go to the coast before the temperature will change.
Exercise 3.4
Complete the conversation. Use the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form.
Receptionist: New Life Centre. Can I help you?
Woman: Yes. Could you give me some information about your centre? It’s for my husband. He needs to lose weight and improve his fitness.
Receptionist: Sure. As soon as he (1) … (arrive) here, he (2) … (take) a fitness test to see what sort of diet he needs to go on. If he (3) … (decide) to stay, he (4) … (start) every day at 7.30 with a half-hour walk.
Woman: Ha-ha! He usually starts a day with a cigarette before breakfast.
Receptionist: He (5) … (be) in big trouble if he (6) … (start) a cigarette here. It’s strictly no smoking area.
Woman: It’s a good idea. He says he (7) … (give up) smoking as soon as he (8) … (feel) more relaxed.
Receptionist: This is the ideal place to relax. While he (9) … (be) here, he (10) … (do) at least two hours of yoga and meditation every day. After he (11) … (go) for a morning walk, he (12) … (have) a sauna and jacuzzi.
Woman: Oh, he’ll enjoy that.
Receptionist: And some more. If your husband (13) … (choose) our Centre, he also (14) … (have) a four-hour hike into the mountains every day.
Woman: Four hours! Incredible!
Receptionist: Don’t worry. After they (15) … (get) to the top of the mountain, they (16) … (have) a twenty-minute break before they (17) … (come) down again. The instructor always carries some fruit with him. And what is more. Somebody (18) … (wait) for them at the foot of the mountain until they (19) … (come) back. He will offer them some juice.
Woman: I’m not sure my husband will be happy to go on such long walks.
Receptionist: Believe me, when he (20) … (finish) the week, he (21) … (be) a new man.
Woman: If he (22) … (finish) the week!
Exercise 3.5
Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form.
Dear Marsha,
I’m not sure what to do. I’m thinking of becoming a vegetarian, but some of my friends say it’s a bad idea. They say that if I (1) … (stop) eating meat, my body (2) … (not get) the things it needs to stay healthy. Are my friends right?
Thanks,
Yuri, age 14
Dear Yuri,
Millions of people are vegetarians and they are perfectly healthy. You have to be careful, though. If you (3) … (give) up eating meat completely and only (4) … (eat) chocolate and crisps, that (5) obviously … (be) very bad for you. If people (6) … (not eat) properly, they (7) … (get) ill. But if you (8) … (eat) lots of fruit and salad, you (9) … (get) all the things you need to stay healthy. You’re only 14 years old. If you (10) … (live) at home with your parents, and you probably do, you’ll have to ask them what they think too. Do you expect that your mum (11) … (start) cooking special meals for you as soon as you (12) … (tell) her about your decision? I believe that if you (13) … (think) about this carefully, you (14) … (put) off the decision of becoming a vegetarian until you (15) … (be) a bit older. After you (16) … (make) up your mind, you (17) … (have) to take the responsibility for yourself, so think carefully!
Best wishes,
Marsha
Part IV
Practice test
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