Which alternative is correct?
1. You … the piano for 3 hours. That’ll do for now!
a) play b) are playing c) have been playing
2. This is a great restaurant! We …there a lot lately.
a) have gone b) have been going c) go
3. How long … for this company? – For a year. I really like it.
a) are you working b) do you work c) have you been working
4. He … a lot of weight since he came to Germany.
a) has been putting on b) has put on c) has putted on
5. Margaret … for her passport since she … on the train.
a) was looking, got b) has been looking, got c) looked, has got
6. They … in Johannesburg before they moved to Cape Town.
a) lived b) have lived c) have been living
7. This is my favourite bag. I … it for three years.
a) have b) have had c) have been having
8. She … Greek at Oxford University.
a) has studied b) has been studying c) studied
9. She … because she … onions.
a) is crying, has cut b) has cried, was cutting c)is crying, has been cutting
10. How many computers … a day?
a) do you sell b) have you sold c) have you been selling
Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form.
1. I (travel) a lot lately, but I (come) to Australia for the first time.
2. Since when (you/revise) for the exams?
3. She (find) two jobs since she (graduate).
4. I (write) an essay. I (write) half of it so far.
5. Who (play) the trumpet on Sunday morning? Could you stop it, please?
6. Why is there water on the floor? – I (water) the plants.
7. I (have) a nightmare when the alarm (wake) me up.
8. They (go) out after breakfast and (not come) back yet.
9. I (see) this film three times when I (be) in the States. And (you/ever/see) it?
10. You (look) tired. (you/sleep) well lately?
Correct these sentences.
1. I’m waiting for you for three hours.
2. How long you have been learning English?
3. They are living in New York since 1998.
4. I’ve been trying to enter university since two years.
5. It has being real fun for us!
6. Since when did they learn English?
7. I’ve been knowing Mr Harrison for some time.
8. As he has still been absent, we should call the police.
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9. He has already been smoking two packs of cigarettes.
10. She wears the same dress since I’ve met her.
Translate into English .
1. Я занимаюсь одной и той же работой с тех пор, как приехал в Лондон.
2. На протяжении своей карьеры Стивен Спилберг заработал миллионы долларов. Он много работал всю жизнь.
3. В последнее время я подумываю о том, чтобы начать свой собственный бизнес.
4. Майкл Джексон был весьма успешным певцом. Мне всегда нравилось слушать его песни.
5. Он зарабатывает двадцать долларов в час. – Как долго он работает в этой компании?
6. Я работаю в этом магазине с тех пор, как вышел на пенсию. Наш магазин всегда нанимал людей всех возрастов.
7. Ты отлично выглядишь! Ты ходила в последнее время в фитнес центр?
8. В течение тридцати лет Фил работал полицейским, но последние пять лет он продает на улице газеты.
9. Все больше и больше бездомных появляется в последнее время на улицах больших городов.
10. В течение последних нескольких месяцев я пытаюсь найти себе жилье, но пока мне не везет.
Unit 10
Modal verbs
Part I
Have to
Exercise 1.1
Complete the sentences with ‘ve got to or ‘s got to and a verb from the box.
| do | get up | go | | take |
| get | give | help | speak | work |
1. You’ve got to see the doctor as soon as possible. The symptoms show you’ve got food poisoning.
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2. Mary is a bit overweight. She … some exercises to keep fit.
3. The doctor prescribed me new effective medicine for my sore throat. I … it three times a day after meals.
4. It’s a pity you can’t stay with us longer. – I’m so sorry but I … now or I’ll miss my train.
5. Mike … early tomorrow morning as he’s leaving for the airport at 6a.m.
6. You … me with all this housework! I can’t cope with it myself.
7. Our regular opening hours are 10a.m. to 7p.m. So you … with customers six hours a day with a break for lunch.
8. We’re running late today, so you … the kids from school. Don’t forget!
9. If you don’t pay on time, we … you a fine of up to $1,000.
10. My granny doesn’t understand much French, so you … very slowly to her.
Exercise 1.2
Complete the sentences with have to, has to, had to or will have to and a suitable verb.
1. I went to the market on my way home because I had to buy some food for dinner.
2. In many countries men … in the army.
3. Susan is going to bed early tonight. She … up at 6 tomorrow morning.
4. The bus came late, so we … very long.
5. I need an extra job. I … too many bills.
6. Sam can’t wear ordinary street clothes at his working place. He … a formal suit.
7. You … a visa at first if you want to go to the UK.
8. Sorry, I didn’t come to you party last night. I … to the garage to get my car back.
9. This train doesn’t go to London. You … at Oxford.
10. If the pain gets worse, you … the doctor.
11. You … a new driving licence next year.
12. Kate … now, because it’s time for her to catch the train.
Exercise 1.3
Answer the questions about you.
1. Do you have to do your homework every day? Yes, I do. (No, I don’t)
2. Did you have to go to work yesterday?
3. Does your father have to get up early every morning?
4. Do you have to pay much for your accommodation?
5. Did you have to take any exams to enter university?
6. Does your mother have to cook at home all the time?
7. Do you have to do a lot of projects at university?
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8. Does your grandmother have to go to work?
9. Did you have to wear uniform at school?
Exercise 1.4
Make true sentences about you and your family, using the chart. Add a comment if you can.
1. I have to do the cooking from time to time. I don’t mind.
2. My mother doesn’t have to do the washing. We’ve got a washing machine.
| I We My parents My mother My father My sister My brother My cousin My granny My granddad | have to has to don’t have to doesn’t have to | go to work go to school do the shopping do the cooking do the ironing do the washing walk the dog get up early water the plants baby-sit |
Exercise 1.5
Write questions. Some are present, some are past or future.
1. I have to water this plant very carefully. (Why … ?)
Why do you have to water it carefully?
2. Betsy has to take lots of pills for her headache. (How many … ?)
3. You have to make an appointment if you want to see the dentist. (Do … ?)
4. I had to get up early yesterday. (What time … ?)
5. My parents had to pay a lot for their housing repairs. (How much … ?)
6. Mary has to leave the office late tonight. (Why … ?)
7. I had to wait for a plumber a long time. (How long … ?)
8. Sam sometimes has to work at weekends. (How often … ?)
9. I think I’ll have to buy a new car soon. (Why … ?)
10. You have to learn this poem by heart. (Do….?)
Part II
Must
Exercise 2.1
Complete the sentences. Use must and one of these verbs.
| clean | do | eat | give up | hurry |
| | phone | take | visit | win |
1. Mike doesn’t want anyone to know about his wedding. I must keep it a secret.
2. We … up. Otherwise we’ll miss the bus.
3. My back hurts. I … some medicine immediately.
4. I forgot to congratulate Paul last night. I … him today.
5. The windows are dirty. I … them.
6. I forgot to water the plants before my holidays. I … it now !
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7. I … eating fatty food. I start having regular stomachaches.
8. Father broke his arm and he’s in hospital now. – I … him .
9. This tennis match tomorrow is very important for me. I … !
10. Porridge is really healthy. I … it every morning.
Exercise 2.2
Complete the sentences with must and a suitable ending.
1. This new pizzeria over there is excellent! You must try their dishes one day!
2. This is a wonderful book. You … !
3. Nick hates liars. You … !
4. This is a thrilling movie. You … !
5. I feel so lonely. You … !
6. She’s a glamorous actress. You … !
7. He’s got a big problem at work. You … !
8. I know you’re going to Paris. You … !
9. Oh, this dress is marvelous! You … !
10. Her new roommate is really charming! You … !
Exercise 2.3
Put in must, have to, has to or had to.
1. The car is very dirty. I must wash it.
2. In some countries women … do military service.
3. He … go to the supermarket yesterday to buy some food.
4. Jake was nearly late for his exam this morning. He … to take a taxi to be on time.
5. I am mad about Johnny Depp. I … see his new film.
6. When men enter a church, they … take off their hats.
7. Bill didn’t have enough money to buy a new laptop, so he … borrow some.
8. John has no one to help him, so he … move the furniture himself.
9. Kate failed her French exam last month. Now she … work hard with a tutor.
10. I eat too many sweets and biscuits. I … stop or I’ll put on weight again.
11. My mum didn’t know how to use the new dishwasher, so the salesperson … show.
12. I … go now, I’ve got a lot to do.
13. Carrie is an extremely popular beautician. You … make an appointment beforehand.
14. We wanted to finish the meeting in time for dinner, so we … begin very early.
15. If I want to get a promotion soon, I … work as hard as I can.
Exercise 2.4
Put in mustn’t or don’t/ doesn’t/ didn’t have to.
1. At last it’s Sunday tomorrow. I don’t have to get up early.
2. You …drive without a license. It’s against the law.
3. This letter is very important. You … lose it.
4. I … book a hotel in London, I stayed with Zoe’s parents.
5. You … go home alone late at night, it’s dangerous.
6. We … redecorate the house when we bought it. It was decorated with taste.
7. Oh, Jack, you … drive fast, we have plenty of time.
8. We have enough food at home, so we … go shopping today.
9. You … smoke in this restaurant, it isn’t allowed.
10. My younger son Jimmy is so happy on holiday because he … go to bed until 11.00.
11. Passengers … get off the bus before it stops.
12. Mary … cook. Her mum does it for her.
13. We … take a taxi from the airport. Our neighbour gave us a lift.
14. My father … go to work. He’s retired.
Part III
Should
Exercise 3.1
Complete the sentences. Use should and one of these verbs.
| buy | | enter | get | go |
| learn | take | talk | relax | visit |
1. When you go on a diet, you should eat more vegetables.
2. If you often oversleep, you … an alarm clock.
3. You are not looking well today. You … to bed.
4. My boss drives me mad all the time! – You … a new job then.
5. I think your daughter … that talent contest! She dances so well.
6. You … never … to people like this! It’s rude!
7. You’ve been so busy all the week. You … and take things easy.
8. I think you … your raincoat. The weather forecast says it’ll rain tomorrow.
9. Do you think I … some French before I go to Paris? – That would be really nice.
10. The art gallery is rich in masterpieces. Tourists … it.
Exercise 3.2
Give advice to some people. Use I think … should or I don’t think … should.
1. Dave wants to leave college after his first year. I think he should go on studying.
2. Jane spends a fortune on her phone bills.
3. Ann is so worried about these spots on her face!
4. Oh, no! I’ve lost my car keys!
5. James is so upset. He’s failed his English exam again.
6. Tom and Charlotte are in love and want to get married, but they are only 17.
7. My son is online twenty-four hours a day!
8. Carol bought this camera only a couple of days ago, but it doesn’t work.
9. Nick drank two glasses of wine at the party, and he wants to drive home.
10. I’m always late for my morning classes!
Exercise 3.3
Ask your friend for advice. Use Do you think … should … ?
1. Oh, look, what a marvelous dress! Do you think I should buy it?
2. Lisa is leaving school this year. Do you think she should go to university?
3. Mike has invited me to his mum’s anniversary party.
4. Kate desperately needs someone to help her learn to drive. Who … ?
5. I’m so tired! I need a change. What … ?
6. This hotel is an absolute dream but it’s too expensive for us.
7. Fiona’s boss has just offered her a post at his company.
8. They don’t like living in New York – it’s too stressful.
9. Sarah isn’t talking to me today because last night I played a joke on her.
10. My neighbour is always borrowing money and never gives it back to me.
11. My car is very old.
12. Megan has forgotten to congratulate her fiend on her birthday.
Exercise 3.4
Complete the sentences with a positive or negative form of have to or should.
1. This new detective novel is really intelligent. I think you should read it.
2. I’m absolutely exhausted. I … go to bed right now, sorry.
3. Mark is so intelligent. I think he … try and get a better job.
4. She … travel a lot for her work, so her kids feel really lonely.
5. You … do all the exercise. Five sentences will be enough.
6. It’s a desert plant, so Jack … water it every day.
7. She has poor eyesight, she … watch TV too often.
8. She has poor eyesight, she … wear glasses all the time.
9. If you ever go to Madrid, you … visit the Prado Museum.
10. I … go to the supermarket today. There’s no food in the house.
11. David works too much. I think he … have a holiday.
12. I never remember my friend’s address, I always … look it up.
13. Your room doesn’t look very interesting. You … put some posters on the walls.
Part IV
Have to, must and should
Exercise 4.1
Fill in the positive or negative form of must, have to or should. Use the correct tense form of have to. Sometimes two forms are possible.
1. I had to go to work early yesterday.
2. I think you … do something about your car. It’s in terrible condition.
3. You … wear your seatbelt during the whole of the flight.
4. You … be a member of the library before you can borrow books.
5. You … talk to your partner. It’s an examination.
6. She … take any money because her friend was going to pay.
7. We … go to all the classes because some of them were optional.
8. My parents find it hard to support me. I … find a job.
9. He … wear glasses since he was ten.
10. You … try to read a map while you’re driving.
11. If you want to be in good health, you … be overweight.
12. We’ve run out of soap. I … get some more in the morning.
13. Megan … go clubbing all night when she has an exam the next day.
14. I don’t think they … move house now.
15. Why … you … call the doctor? – My baby had an infection.
Exercise 4.2
Fill in the necessary modal verbs and their forms: can, have to, must, should.
Linda, aged 15, came to babysit for her sister Nancy who has two children – nine-year-old Caroline and three-year-old Mike. Nancy is going to a party.
- Oh, Linda, come on in. Late again! I have been waiting for you for two hours! I’m going to be late myself! Anyway, just a couple of words. Caroline (1) … go out because she (2) … do her homework. So you (3) … let her watch TV until she’s finished it. And I don’t think you (4) … watch this film with Gerard Butler, you know, that handsome guy – it starts very late. Don’t forget, Mike likes playing in the kitchen. So, please, tell him that he (5) … touch any sharp objects or glasses or……. Oh, Linda, have a look. This dress isn’t a perfect fit any more, I think. I (6) … stop eating cheese and my favourite pizza! By the way, there’s a cake in the fridge, you (7) … eat it all, you (8) … leave it for me. And you (9) … do the washing-up, I’m going to do it tomorrow. So Linda, what else? OK, tell the kids that they (10) … brush their teeth and have a wash before going to bed, but Caroline (11) … wait up for me. And you (12) … phone me immediately if something goes wrong! Oh, I (13) … go now. And Linda, I think you (14) … come on time next time, OK? Bye-bye!
Exercise 4.3
Sue and her grandmother are talking. Complete their conversation using the correct forms of modal verbs: have to, must, should, can.
Gran: Are you going to the theatre with me tonight, Sue? You (1) … go to school tomorrow, it’ a day off.
Sue: Well, I’d love to, but you know, I missed so many classes because of my cold last week, so I (2) … work hard now, I want to catch up with my classmates. (3) … you … do homework every day when you went to school?
Gran: Yes, we did. Our teachers were very strict. Besides, my school was far away from our house and we didn’t have a car.
Sue: How far (4) … you … travel to school?
Gran: Three kilometers, twice a day. You’re lucky. There’re school buses now, so your mother (5) … give you a lift. And we (6) … wear that stupid uniform. Oh, I hated it!
Sue: What colour was it?
Gran: Black and brown. And we (7) … wear white socks, they (8) … be black. Strange, isn’t it?
Sue: We (9) … wear jeans, mini skirts, high heels or any other provocative clothes either – it’s strictly forbidden!
Gran: Well, your teachers are right, to some extent. By the way, where’s your sister at the moment?
Sue: Jennifer is in her room. She’s got her exams next week, so she (10) … read a lot.
Gran: How many exams (11) … she … take?
Sue: Five or six. She (12) … get good marks if she wants to go to university.
Gran: But I think both of you (13) … have a rest now. You deserve it after that hard work! I don’t think you (14) … spend all the time on studies only. Look, the weather is nice. And they say this new musical in Adelphi Theatre is absolutely glamorous! You (15) … see it!
Sue: OK, granny. Let’s go. What are you going to wear?
Part V
Practice test
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