II Прочтите следующие интернациональные слова и догадайтесь об их значении.
basis, mathematician, biology, psychology, linguistics, astronomy, mechanics, physics, traditional, sphere, progress, statistical, model, phenomena, to analyze, to process, information, special, abstract, logic, symbol, arithmetic, algebra, analytic, differential, geometry, theory, specialization, practice, probation, centre, industrial
III Составьте словосочетания .
pure attention
exact changes
sphere of data
to offer equation
statistical science
to follow mathematics
unknown symbols
to pay influence
differential knowledge
field of calculations
to consist of opportunities
to process number
leading mathematician
IV Прочтите и переведите текст.
Mathematics is the basis for all exact sciences. Karl Gauss, the famous 18th century mathematician once called mathematics the queen of sciences. Today mathematics is widely used in chemistry, biology, psychology, linguistics and many other fields. Astronomy, mechanics and physics are unthinkable without mathematics. At the same time mathematics follows the changes taking place in various fields of knowledge.
Traditionally mathematics was used for statistical calculation of data. Now it is applied for building up mathematical models of different phenomena in many sciences. Mathematics of today is often occupied with “strange” things. One of the leading mathematicians of the world Andrei Kolmogorov applied it to analyzing the problems of writing verse. When the first electronic computers were made mathematics became especially important for scientific progress in general. These machines can process information, perform calculations and solve complicated problems at high speeds.
Mathematics may be regarded not only as a body of knowledge. It is a special language, perfect and abstract. The grammar of this language is determined by the rules of logic. Its vocabulary consists of symbols such as numerals for numbers, letters for unknown numbers, and equations for relationship between numbers. These symbols serve to shortcut our thinking.
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Mathematics is divided into two sections – pure and applied mathematics. Pure mathematics includes arithmetic, algebra, analytic and differential geometry, calculus. Applied mathematics includes methods of calculation, equations of mathematical physics, programming.
I am a second-year student of the Mathematics Department. Our department offers great opportunities for studies. We study general and special subjects. Special attention is given to analytic geometry, mathematical analysis, differential equations, the theory of groups, probability theory. The students are also taught to work with computers.
In the third year specialization begins. Students are appointed to schools, plants and computer centres for probation. After the University many graduates become teachers of mathematics. They try to do their best to evoke their pupils’ interest in mathematics. Those who specialized in applied mathematics work at computer centres, research laboratories and institutes, industrial enterprises. They solve problems connected with the development and application of computing systems.
V Закончите следующие предложения .
1. Mathematics is called the queen of sciences because ... 2. Nowadays mathematics is applied for ... 3. Mathematics may be regarded ... 4. Its vocabulary consists of ... 5. Mathematics is divided into ... 6. Pure mathematics includes ... 7. When specialization begins students ... 8. The graduates of the Mathematics Department work ... 9. The students who specialized in applied mathematics ...
VI Ответьте на вопросы по тексту .
1. Who called mathematics the queen of sciences? Why? 2. What sciences are unthinkable without mathematics? 3. What was mathematics traditionally used for? 4. Why do we say that mathematics is often occupied with strange things? 5. What kind of language is it? 6. The grammar of the mathematical language is determined by the rules of logic, isn’t it? 7. What does its vocabulary consist of? 8. How many sections is mathematics divided into? What are they? 9. What are the key subjects at your department? 10. Where do the graduates of the department work?
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VII Подготовьте устное высказывание по одной из тем :
1. Mathematics as the queen of sciences.
2. Your future profession.
Biology
I Прочтите и запомните следующие слова и выражения:
inclinations and interests – склонности и интересы
social environment – социальная среда
to be concerned with – заниматься ч.-л.
distribution – распространение
taxonomy – систематика
vast – обширный
subdivision – подразделение
to acquire experience – приобретать опыт
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