VI Перескажите текст “Great Britain”.
TOPIC 8
The Political System of Great Britain
I Прочтите и запомните следующие слова и выражения:
constitutional monarchy – конституционная монархия
monarch – монарх, правитель
to be limited – быть ограниченным
to reign – царствовать, править, господствовать
to rule – управлять, руководить, господствовать
supreme Legislation Authority – высшая законодательная власть
Parliament – парламент
chamber – палата
the House of Lords – палата лордов
the House of Commons – палата общин
government – правительство
majority support – поддержка большинства
the Prime Minister – премьер-министр
to appoint – назначать
exercise of power – осуществление власти
to be dissatisfied with - быть недовольным чем-либо
vice versa – наоборот
II Прочтите и переведите текст.
The U.K. is a constitutional monarchy or a parliamentary democracy. There is a monarch at the head of the State (at present – Queen Elizabeth II) whose powers are limited by the constitution. In practice, the Queen reigns but doesn’t rule. Everything she does is done on the advice of her ministers.
The supreme Legislation Authority in the U.K. belongs to the Queen and Parliament. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons, together with the Queen in her constitutional role. Today the center of parliamentary power is in the Commons.
The Government is formed by the party, which has majority support in the Commons. The head of the Government is the Prime Minister. He is appointed by the Queen. And he is usually the leader of the party having the majority in the House of Commons. He chooses the number of ministers, including 20 or so in the Cabinet.
The second largest party traditionally forms the official Opposition with its own leader and “shadow cabinet”.
At present there are 5 main political parties in Great Britain: the Conservative Party, the Labour Party, the Liberal, the Social Democratic, the Communist Party. But actually only the Conservative and the Labour Parties take turns at the exercise of power. The two-party system means that if one is dissatisfied with the Government, one votes for the Opposition, and vice versa.
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III Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу словами.
queen supreme Legislation Authority chambers
political parties monarch constitution
1. The powers of the … are limited by the … . 2. The … in the U.K. belongs to the Queen and Parliament. 3. The Prime Minister is appointed by the … . 4. There are 5 main … in Great Britain. 5. The British Parliament consists of two … .
IV Ответьте на вопросы :
1. What are the powers of the monarch limited by? 2. Does the British Parliament consist of three chambers: the House of Lords, the House of Representatives and the House of Commons? 3. Today the center of parliamentary power is in the Commons, isn’t it? 4. What party is the Government formed by? 5. Who is the head of the Government? 6. What is the official Opposition? 7. What does the two-party system in Great Britain mean?
V Перескажите текст “The Political System of Great Britain”.
TOPIC 9
London
I Прочтите следующие слова и словосочетания и запомните их. Обратите внимание на произношение имён собственных.
enjoyable – притягательный
circumstances – обстоятельства
cultural – культурный
to survive – пережить, перенести
damage – ущерб, урон
tremendous – жуткий, ужасный
destruction – разрушение
colourful – красочный, яркий
entertainment – развлечение
to acquaint oneself with – познакомиться с
sights – достопримечательности
sightseeing tour – экскурсионная поездка
wealth – изобилие, богатство
luxury – роскошь, пышность
factory – фабрика, завод
plant – завод, фабрика
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workshop – мастерская, цех
shipyard – верфь, судостроительный завод
the Plague – Великая чума 1665 г.
the Great Fire – Великий пожар 1666 г.
Hyde Park – Гайд-парк
Piccadilly Circus – площадь Пиккадилли
St. Paul’s Cathedral – собор св. Павла
the Tower of London – лондонский Тауэр
the Houses of Parliament – здания парламента
Westminster Abbey – Вестминстерское аббатство
Trafalgar Square – Трафальгарская площадь
Nelson’s Column – памятник адмиралу Нельсону
II Прочтите и переведите текст:
London, the capital of England and the UK, is one of the largest and most enjoyable cities in the world. It is situated on the river Thames. London’s population is more than eight million people.
London is more than 20 centuries old. Historical and geographical circumstances have turned London into one of the world’s most important commercial and cultural centres and seaports.
London survived the Plague which killed nearly 70,000 people and the Great Fire which followed. Little damage occurred during World War I, but World War II brought tremendous destruction to the city.
London, Britain’s colourful capital, is full of things to see and do, with world famous sights, excellent entertainment and nightlife. One of the best ways to acquaint yourself with the city when you first arrive is to take a sightseeing tour on a double-decker bus.
The City, the oldest part of London, is the commercial and financial centre of the country. Westminster is the political heart of London. The West End is the richest and the most beautiful part of London, the symbol of wealth and luxury, where the most expensive hotels, restaurants, shops and clubs are situated. It also consists of the fashionable houses of the rich, art galleries, famous museums, theatres, palaces and parks. The East End is a poor district – the industrial part of the city. There are a lot of factories, plants, workshops and shipyards there.
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London offers its visitors a great variety of places of interest. It’s a dream city to everybody who is interested in the English history and culture.
World’s famous places of interest are the Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, St. Paul’s Cathedral, Trafalgar Square, the Tower of London, Hyde Park, Piccadilly Circus, Nelson’s Column and so on and so forth.
III Найдите в тексте соответствующие предложения:
1. Лондону более 2000 лет. 2. Туристам Лондон предлагает большое разнообразие достопримечательностей. 3. Лондон пережил Великую чуму, которая лишила жизни около семидесяти тысяч человек, и последовавший за ней Великий пожар. 4. Один из лучших способов познакомиться с городом – это совершить экскурсию на двухэтажном автобусе. 5. Лондон – один из самых больших и притягательных городов в мире.
IV Завершите следующие предложения :
1. London is the capital of a) Scotland. b) England. c) Wales. d) the UK.
2. World War I brought a) fame and fortune b) little damage c) tremendous destruction d) disgrace and devastation.
3. Historical and geographical circumstances have turned London into a) an important Saxon settlement. b) the official residence of Julius Caesar. c) one of the world’s most important commercial and cultural centres. d) the centre of Protestantism.
4. The City, the oldest part of London, is a) the political heart of London. b) the symbol of wealth and luxury. c) the richest part of London. d) the commercial and financial centre of the country.
5. The industrial part of the city is a) The City b) The West end c) The East End d) Westminster
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