Exercise 1. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following Russian words and phrases.
FAMILY
Family life
VOCABULARY
Age
adolescence
adolescent
adult
adulthood
ancient
baby
childhood
childish
elder
manhood
mature
kid
middle-age(d)
old
OAF - old age pensioner
retired
senile
senior citizen
elderly
grow
grown-up
immature
infancy
infant
junior
juvenile
teenager
toddler
womanhood
young
youngster
youth
youthful
to turn / to be twenty
to be a twenty-year-old person
to be under / nearly / over twenty early
to be in one's early
mid twenties
late
to be three years younger / older than somebody
to be a teenager = to be in one's teens to be / to come of age
Relations by birth
aunt
brother
child, children
daughter
father
grandfather/grand(d)dad(d)y
grandmother /grandma
granny/grannie/nanny
grandparents
grandchildren
great grandparents
great grandchildren
half-sister / brother
niece
nephew
orphan
parents
sibling
sister
son
twins
uncle
Relations by marriage
husband
wife
spouse
father-in-law
mother-in-law
brother-in-law
sister-in-law
daughter-in-law
son-in-law
birth, to give birth to smb
birthday, a birthday certificate
to be born
to die
dead
death
bachelor
best man
boyfriend
bride
bridesmaid
engagement
fiance
fiancée
girlfriend
groom /bridegroom
marital status
marriage
marriage of convenience
marriage certificate
relation / relative
single
spinster
wedding
widow
widower
foster parents / brother / sister stepmother /father
to be divorced to be widowed
to be /get engaged to be smb's close /distant relation
to be / get married to smb to fall in love (at first sight)
to marry smb to fall out of love
to be related to smb to live single
to be single
VOCABULARY EXERCISES
Exercise 1. Match the expressions on the left with those on the right:
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1. She's 3 days old. a. She's still a child.
2. She's 18 months. b. She's a newborn baby.
3. She's 8. c. She's a teenager.
4. She's 14. d. She's an adult.
5. She's 20. e. She's a toddler.
Do the same with the following:
6. He's 28. f. He's in his early forties.
7. He's 35. g. He's fairly elderly.
8. He's 48. h. He's in his mid-thirties.
9. He's 42. i. He's middle-aged.
10. He's 85. j. He's in his late twenties.
The expression elderly people is a more polite way of talking about old people.
Exercise 2.
a. Look at this example:
He's two years old.
I've got a two-year-old son.
Re-write these examples in a similar way:
1. My son is eleven. I've got an _________________.
2. We've got a daughter of six. We've got a ____________________
3. Their baby's only two months old. They've got a ___________________.
b. Look at this example:
They are all 10 years old.
They're all ten-year-olds.
Now re-write these examples in a similar way:
1. I teach kids of seven and eight. I teach _______________.
2. Most of them were only sixteen. They were mostly ___________________.
3. The boy the police arrested was only nine! He was only a _______________.
Exercise 3. Use these words to complete these expressions with 'age':
of look your same
get at all child
1. the .... age as (me)
2. when I was .... age
3. people of ... . ages
4. when you .... to my age
5. at the age .... 43
6.you don't.... your age
7.a .... of his age
8. …. your age
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Now use the expressions in the sentences below:
a. Do you think you should be smoking ______________? I mean, you're only 15.
b. You're lucky to have the chance to go to university ______________,I had to get a job and start earning some money.
c. _______________John F. Kennedy became one of the youngest
Presidents of the United States.
d. Isn't Peter home yet? A ______________ should be in bed by 10 – at the latest!
e. The great thing about roller-blading is that ___________seem to be doing it – young and old.
f. Our son is _____________ the boy next door. They're in the same class.
g. You're not really 50, are you? I don't believe. ______________________.
h. ____________________, you’ll realize there’s more to life than going clubbing or riding motorbikes.
Exercise 4. Use the following expressions in the sentences below:
the age difference the generation gap
the younger generation of my generation
1. Many older people think that _____________ are only interested in money.
2. My wife is ten years older than me, but _____________ has never been a problem.
3. You can't expect me to use the internet! People __________ grew up without
telephones!
4. My husband and I can't stand the music our children play or their taste in clothes. I suppose it's just ___________!
Exercise 5. The following idioms are all about getting old. Complete them using these words:
getting dog over wrong
1. You can't teach an old __________ new tricks.
2. She's the ___________ side of 40.
3. He's _____________ the hill.
4. He's _____________ on a bit now.
Now use these idioms, changing the grammar if necessary to complete these sentences:
a. John will never change the way he does things. You ______________________.
b. In professional football, you're _______________ at 35.
c. I think I'll have to start taking life a bit easier. I am ______________, you know!
d. Sheila looks great for her age. You'd never guess she's ____________ of 50!
Exercise 6. Complete these quotes with the following words:
age feel income forty
1. You're only as old as you ______________.
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2. Life begins at ________________.
3. Women lie about their ____________; men lie about their ____________.
Do you think the last one is true? Have you ever lied about your age?
Exercise 7. Use these words in the sentences below:
died dead death deaths dying
1. The ambulance was too late. The boy was ____________ by the time it arrived at the hospital.
2. I'm a bit upset. My grandmother _____________ last week.
3. My best friend is very upset. Her father is _________ of cancer.
4. My brother never really recovered after his wife's sudden ___________.
5. The number of __________ in road accidents has increased again this year.
If you say that somebody has passed away or that somebody has just lost his wife or lost her husband, it is kinder and less shocking than saying that somebody has 'died'.
Exercise 8. Look at the following expressions. Which of them mean
a) to die
b) a dead person
c) dead
| pass on | the late Sheelagh Graham | pass away |
| kick the bucket | give up the ghost | at peace the deceased |
Your immediate family: your mother, father, brothers and sisters, or, if you are married, your husband, wife and your sons and daughters. Your relatives or your relations: all your immediate family plus your grandparents, great-grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousins.
Exercise 9. Use these words below in the following sentences:
aunt grandfather grandsons uncle grandmother nephew niece granddaughters cousins
1. Your parents' parents are your _____________and your _____________.
2. Your father's brother and sister are your __________ and your ___________.
3. Your aunt's and uncle's children are your ______________.
4. Your brother's son and daughter are your _________and your __________.
5. Your children's children are your _____________ and your ______________.
Relations and relatives are two words for the same people.
Exercise 10. Look at the following short texts and find an example of:
a. a nuclear family
b. an extended family
c. a single-parent family
d. a couple who adopted a child
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e. a couple with no children
1. We're married with three kids. Our eldest son, Simon, has just started secondary school, our daughter, Lisa, is eight and our youngest son, Luke, is only five.
2. We've only been married for a year. We're not planning to start a family just yet.
3. I'm a single mum. I bring up my son Josh on my own. Josh doesn't mind being an only child but I think he'd like a brother or sister one day.
4. We share the house with my mother and father and my wife's sister and her kids. Everyone helps to look after all the children.
5. We couldn't have children of our own so we decided that adoption was the only answer. Lily came to live with us two years ago. She seems very happy at the moment but we realize that she might want to find her real mother one day.
You can say single mother, single father, single mum, single dad or a single-parent family.
Match the beginnings and endings of the sentences below:
1. We're not planning to start a. the house with my wife's family.
2. They help us take care of b. a baby from China.
3. We adopted c. her real mother one day.
4. We share d. the children.
5. She might want to find e. a family just yet.
Exercise 11. Complete the following sentences with the words and phrases below:
the whole family a very close family a big family family tree a big family reunion
1. I come from _______________. I've got four brothers and two sisters.
2. We're ______________. We see each other almost every day and if ever I'm in trouble, I know I can turn to one of them for help.
3. It's my son's eighteenth birthday next week. We're hoping to get __________ together.
4. My wife and I are celebrating our 40th wedding anniversary soon. We're planning to have _________________.
5. When I was researching my ____________,I found out that my great-great-grandfather came over to England from Ireland 120 years ago.
Exercise 12. Complete the following expressions with the verbs below in their correct form:
tell look run get take
a. She......... just like her mother.
b. She's......... her father's nose.
c. He.......... after his father.
d. It.......... in the family.
e. You can't........ them apart.
Now use the expressions to complete the following sentences:
1. John's got a terrible temper. He ___________.
2. You can see that Jane is Mary's daughter. She ___________.
3. All my brothers and sisters are good at sport. It ______________.
4. You can see that little Rebecca is a Smith. ____________________.
5. We've got identical twins in my class at school. __________________.
Who do you look like in your family? Who do you take after? Is your family very close?
Exercise 13. Use a dictionary to help you answer the following questions.
A. What differences in meaning and use are there between these words?
1) wedding and marriage
2) bride and wife; bridegroom and husband
3) to marry, to get married and to be married
4) bachelor, single, unmarried and unattached
B. What do the words below mean?
| bridesmaid best man reception honeymoon |
C. Which of the following:
1) is someone who your parents are looking after as if he were a member of the family?
2) is related to you through your own or your sister's marriage?
3) is the child of your stepfather or stepmother but not of your natural mother or father?
4) is the natural child of one of your own natural parents?
| brother-in-law half-brother stepbrother foster brother |
Exercise 14. Use a dictionary and decide which of these words refer to females (F), which to males (M) and which to both (FM). Then complete the sentences below.
| widow | bachelor | spinster | lover | fiancée |
| spouse | mistress | fiance | divorcee | widower |
1. A woman's__ is the man who is engaged to be married to her.
2. ____ are people who have been married but have divorced and are now single.
3. А____ is a woman whose husband has died. A man whose wife has died is called a __________
4. ____ is a formal term for 'husband or wife'.
5. Someone's___ is a person other than their wife with whom they have a sexual
relationship.
6. A____ is a rather old-fashioned and derogatory word for an unmarried woman over forty.
Starting a relationship
Exercise 1. Complete the following text with the words and phrases below:
in love boyfriend girlfriend relationship going out kissed romantic date
Peter had never had a (1) ___________Anna had never had a (2) _________. When they started (3) ____________together, they were both very nervous. For their first (4) ____________ Peter wanted to take her somewhere (5) __________, so he booked a table at an Italian restaurant. He walked her home. When he left, they (6) __________ goodnight. The next day Anna told her best friend that she was (7) ___________ with Peter and that this was the first really serious (8) _____________in her life.
If a girl has a boyfriend, and a boy has a girlfriend, they are romantically involved. Girls also often refer to their female friends as girlfriends.
Match the beginnings and endings of the expressions below. Use one of the endings twice.
1. She fancies a. with him.
2. She's not really interested b. about him.
3. She's absolutely crazy c. in him.
4. I don't know what she sees d. you.
5. She's always flirting
Now use the expressions to complete the following sentences:
1. Julie seems to really like Ian, but personally, _______________________. He
must be at least ten years older than her.
2. John isn't very happy at the moment. He really likes this girl at college but
_________________________________________ at all.
3. Debbie goes bright red every time she talks to you. I'm sure _______________.
4. Tina spends almost every evening with this new guy she's seeing . _________.
5.I'm sure Liz fancies that guy in the accounts
department. _____________________________________________________.
Exercise 2. Match the beginnings and endings of the sentences below:
1. Sarah's very happy at the moment. She's seeing
2. Have you heard about Mark? He's going out
3. Have you heard about Laura and Joe? They've started
4. Apparently, Phil and Liz have been seeing
5. Did Sally tell you about Mike? He asked
a. going out together.
b. her for a date.
c. with Susie Jones, the singer,
d. some guy she met on holiday,
e. a lot of each other recently.
In American English you say that you are dating somebody instead of seeing or going out with them.
Exercise 3. Read the following sentences and put the words and phrases in bold into the correct column below:
1. It started out as just a casual relationship but one day I realised we had fallen in love.
2. Tina and Mike spend every minute together. They're obviously madly in love.
3.1 met a guy when I was in Greece, but I knew it was just a holiday romance. I never saw him again after we got back.
4. John's been with Linda for ages. He absolutely adores her.
5.1 haven't had a girlfriend for a while now. I had a brief relationship with someone a few months ago, but it didn't really work out.
Serious Not serious
Exercise 4. Match the beginnings of the phrases on the left with the endings on the right:
1. She loves
2. She's in love
3. She fell in love a. with him.
4. She kissed b. him.
5. She lives
6. She married
Now decide if each of the following sentences can end in together. If not, put a line through it.
a. They're going out together.
b. They're sleeping together.
c. They're in love together.
d. They've moved in together.
e. They're always kissing together.
f. They live together.
g. They're always holding hands together.
h. They're married together.
Exercise 5. Use these expressions in the situations below:
finished with never stop fighting split up
had a huge row weren't right for
1. Do you think I should invite Jeff and Sue to
the party? – Haven't you heard? They've finally decided
to… .
2. Didn't you know I'm not seeing James any more? I him … last week. It
was fine while it lasted, but I think we both
knew we … each other.
3. We invited Dave and Kate over for dinner
last Saturday. It was really embarrassing. They … and Kate went home in the middle of the main course.
4. Julie and Dave … I'm surprised they stay together.
Very often if two people split up, they tell their friends that "we're just good friends now".
If you want to deny that you are "having a relationship" with someone, you can say "We're just good friends."
Exercise 7. Complete the response in four different ways:
I hear Mark and Lucy have split up. What happened?
– She found out that he was . . .
1. being a. somebody else.
2. seeing b. unfaithful.
3. having c. on her.
4. cheating d. an affair.
Are you romantic?
Do you believe in love at first sight?
Exercise 8. Use the correct form of these words and expressions:
get engaged propose to set a date
arrange ask
1. I've got some news. I'm really excited. Mark … me to marry him last night. I
said yes!
2. I remember the day my husband … me. We were on holiday in Greece. It was very romantic.
3. Have you heard? Martin and Lisa have just … . They're planning to get
married next year. – Really? That's fantastic. Have they … .
4. In some countries parents … their children's marriages. They look for a suitable partner for their son or daughter to marry.
The man you are engaged to is your fiance. The woman you are engaged to is your fiancée. Nowadays these words are less common.
Exercise 9. Julie and Dave are getting married next month. Match the beginnings of the phrases on the left with the endings on the right:
| 1. Julie has sent out 2. Dave has asked 3. They've booked 4. Julie has bought 5. They've bought each other 6. They've made 7. Julie's going to have 8. Dave's going to have | a. her wedding dress. b. a stag night on the Friday before the wedding. c. a wedding list. d. a hen night on the Friday before the wedding. e. invitations to all the wedding guests. f. wedding rings. g. the hotel for the reception. h. his brother to be best man. |
A wedding list is a list of the wedding presents you want, usually from one big department store.
Exercise 10. Use these words to describe the picture:
bride groom best man
clergyman guests bridesmaids
The two people getting married are the … and the … . They are being married by the … . The two little girls are the … . The man standing on the groom's right is his … . The wedding … are watching the ceremony.
Exercise 11. Here are the marriage vows a man says in Britain. Complete them using these words:
health death worse poorer
I (John Smith) take thee (Jane Brown) to be my wedded wife, to have and to hold from this day forward, for better, for …, for richer, for …, in sickness and in … , to love and to cherish, till … us do part.
Exercise 12. The following events describe a traditional wedding. Put them in the correct order:
a. Their friends throw confetti at them.
b. They cut the cake and make speeches.
c. Her father walks down the aisle with her.
d. They leave for their honeymoon.
e. They spend ages taking photographs!
f. The bride arrives at the church late.
g. The couple make their wedding vows.
h. They go to a hotel for the wedding reception.
i. The happy couple walk back up the aisle,
man and wife!
The correct order is:
In Britain people either have a church wedding or they have a civil ceremony in a registry office. They don't have both as in some countries. If people get married in church they usually have a white wedding –the bride wears a traditional white dress.
Exercise 13. Use these words and expressions in the text below:
silver wedding get married happily married golden wedding
I'm Keith Barratt. I'm 21 and a student. I'm still single and probably won't … till I'm nearer 30. My parents are very … . They were married for 3 years before I was born, so next year they're celebrating their … anniversary. Last year my grandparents celebrated their … – 50 years with the same person! That's quite an achievement!
Exercise 14. Complete the following sentences with the words and phrases below:
a. destroyed our marriage
b. broke up
c. get a divorce
d. left him
e. got custody of the children
f. saved our marriage
g. didn't work out
h. separated
1. His wife … two years ago for another man.
2. I was so happy when I got married but things … and we split up three years ago.
3. Our marriage … after my wife discovered I'd been seeing somebody else.
4. My wife and I … last year. We hadn't been very happy for a while. We've now decided that the best thing is to … .
5. A few years ago my husband started seeing another woman. I tried to forgive him but it was impossible. In the end it … .
6. Things started to go wrong after about three years. I guess we just got bored of each other. Then I had a baby and things got much better. I think that's what … .
7. I got divorced five years ago. Unfortunately, my ex-wife … and now I only see them at the weekend and for a few weeks during the summer.
Your ex-wife or ex-husband is the person you were married to before your divorce. When people are speaking, they often just say ex - "I got divorced last year but I still see my ex sometimes".
Text 1. Family Life
Marriage is a thing which only a rare person in his or her life avoids. True bachelors and spinsters make up only a small percent of the population; most single people are "alone but not lonely".
Millions of others get married because of the funof family life. And it is fun, if one takes it with a sense of humor.
There's a lot of fun in falling in love with someone and chasing the prospective fiancée, which means dating and going out with the candidate. All the relatives (parents, grandparents and great-grandparents, brothers and sisters, cousins, aunts and uncles, nieces and nephews, stepmothers and stepfathers and all in-laws) meanwhile have the fun of criticizing your choice and giving advice. The trick here is not to listen to them but propose to your bride-to-be and somehow get her to accept your proposal. Then you may arrange the engagement and fix the day of the wedding.
What fun it is to get all those things, whose names start with the word "wedding" —dress, rings, cars, flowers, cakes, etc.! It's great fun to pay for them.
It's fun for the bride and the groom to escape from the guests and go on a honeymoon trip, especially if it is a wedding present from the parents. The guests remain with the fun of gossiping whether you married for love or for money.
It's fun to return back home with the idea that the person you are married to is somewhat different from the one you knew. But there is no time to think about it because you are newly-weds and you expect a baby.
There is no better fun for a husband than taking his wife to a maternity home alone and bringing her back with the twins or triplets.
And this is where the greatest fan starts: washing the new-born's nappies and passing away sleepless nights, earning money to keep the family, taking children to kindergarten and later to school. By all means it's fan to attend parents' meetings and to learn that your children take after you and don't do well at school.
The bigger your children grow, the more they resemble you outwardly and the less they display likeness with you inwardly. And you start grumbling at them and discussing with your old friends the problem of the "generation gap". What fun!
And when at last you and your grey-haired spouse start thinking that your family life has calmed down, you haven't divorced but preserved your union, the climax of your fun bursts out!
One of your dearest offsprings brings a long-legged blonde to your house and says that he wants to marry. And you think: 'Why do people ever get married?'
Exercise 1. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following Russian words and phrases.
A. семейная жизнь; настоящие холостяки и старые девы; чувство юмора; ходить на свидания; организовать помолвку; критиковать; отпрыск; давать советы; пеленки для новорожденных; свадьба; будущая жена; седовласый супруг; сплетничать; выйти замуж из-за денег; разводиться; влюбляться.
B. проблема «отцов и детей»; быть похожим на кого-либо; родители; свадебные подарки; сохранить союз; близняшки и тройняшки; молодожены; успокаиваться; ворчать; посещать родительские собрания; жениться; родильный дом; свадебное путешествие; жених и невеста (до свадьбы); назначить день свадьбы; содержать семью
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