The Adventures of Erik and Leif

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Erik the Red was born in Norway in 950, but he moved to Iceland when he was a boy. People called him «the Red» because of his red hair. Life in Iceland was hard and it was a very cold place. Erik had many enemies, and he killed two men. After that, he decided to leave Iceland to escape from his enemies.

In 982, Erik sailed West and discovered a new country. It was cold, icy and snowy, but Erik wanted people to come to this new country, so he called it Greenland. Later, he returned to Greenland with more people in 986. The boats were very small, but they had cows, pigs, sheep and hens with them.

Later, Leif continued his travels to South. He discovered another green and beautiful place. It was warm and sunny and there were different fruits, including grapes. This was a part of the modern United States. Leif and his men were probably the first Europeans who visited North America.

Leif, Erik’s son, was born in 975 and lived with his father in Greenland. Like his father, he wanted to travel. In summer of 1002, Leif sailed West to look for another country. It was Canada.

Tasks.

1. Translate the words from English into Russian : Canada, Norway, Greenland, Iceland, the United States, to move, to be hard, enemies, to kill, to discover, sheep, hens, to continue, tovisit.

2. Match phrases in English with appropriate phrases in Russian : was born in Norway, много врагов, redhair, родился в Норвегии, many enemies, убегать из страны, to escape from the country, рыжие волосы.

3. Unscramble the words and translate them from English into Russian: ihar, enm, eilf, omve, alieds, der, myene, cytrnou, speeh, neh.

4. Fill in the missing letters: s…il, n…w, b…at, c…w, sh…ep, h…n, v…ry, c…untr_, sh… …p, v…s…t, r…d, en…m…, s…il…d.

5. Unscramble the sentences and translate them from English into Russian .

1. Was / cold / it / country / a.

2. Called / country / that / Erik / Greenland.

3. People / 986 / in / returned / Greenland / to.

4. Very / small / he / boats / had.

5. Continued / travels / to / Leif / his / South.

6. Discovered / another / he / green / beautiful / land / place / and.

7. Was / it / warm / sunny / and / there / different / fruit / and / including / grapes / were.

8. Leif / in 975 / was born / and / with / lived / his / Greenland / in / father.

9. He / to / wanted / travel.

10. Canada / was / this.

6 . Match the sentences with the year.

1. Erik discovered Greenland. 950

2. Leif was born. 975

3. Leif sailed to America. 982

4. Erik returned to Greenland. 986

5. Erik was born. 1002

7. Decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F).

	1. Erik moved to Iceland when he was an adult.
	2. His hair was dark.
	3. He decided to leave Iceland to escape from his enemies.
	4. Erik’s boats were big and full of different animals.
	5. Leif, Erik’s son, liked to travel.
	6. Erik sailed West and discovered a new country.
	7. Erik the Red was born in Norway in 950.
	8. He returned to Greenland with more people in 986.

8. Fill in the table of irregular verbs.

Infinitive	Past Simple	Translation
to sail
to move
to discover
to have
to return
to be
to kill
to travel

9. Make up questions to the sentences.

1. Erik’s son lived with his father in Greenland. (Where?)

2. That was Canada. (Was?)

3. There were a lot of fruit, including grapes. (Were?)

4. Leif visited North America first. (Who?)

Text 4.18

Read, translate the text and do the post-reading exercises .

Lazy Jim

There was a boy whose name was Jim. He lived with his mother in a little house. They were very poor. His mother worked much, but Jim didn’t like to work. Jim was lazy. He sat under a tree in hot weather and stayed in bed when it was cold.

One Monday morning his mother said: «Help Mr Green in the field. He will pay you.»

«All right. I’ll go there tomorrow,» answered Jim

On Tuesday Jim went to Mr Green. He worked all the day and in the evening Mr Green gave him a penny. But on his way home Jim dropped the penny and could not find it.

«Oh, Jim! Why didn’t you put the penny into your pocket?»

He went to help Mr Green on Wednesday, too. In the evening Mr Green gave him a jar of milk. Jim put it in his large pocket. But when he came home, there was no milk in the jar.

«Oh, Jim! Why didn’t you carry the jar of milk on your head?»

On Friday Mr Green gave him a large cat. Jim took the cat and wanted to carry it in his hands. But on his way home the cat ran away from Jim.

«Oh, Jim!» said his mother. «Why didn’t you take a string and pull the cat home?»

«I’ll do it tomorrow, Mother,» said Jim. On Saturday Jim worked much and Mr Green gave him a large piece of meat. Jim took a string out of his pocket and pulled the meat after him. A hungry dog ate the meat.

«Oh, Jim! Why didn’t you carry it in your hands?» asked his mother.

«Because it was large and heavy, Mother.»

«Then why didn’t you carry it on your back?»

On Monday next week Jim worked very well. So Mr Green gave him a donkey. Jim put the donkey on his back and walked home.

There was a beautiful girl in the village. She didn’t laugh and couldn’t speak. Her father asked all the doctors to help the girl, but they could not. The doctors said: «The girl must laugh. Then she will speak.»

The girl and her father lived in a large and beautiful house.

When Jim was in front of their house, the girl looked out of the window and saw the boy with the donkey on his back. It was funny. And the girl laughed. She looked at Jim and continued laughing for some time. And a bit later she could speak. Her father was very happy. He ran after Jim, stopped him and said: «My dear boy, I am a happy man now because my girl can speak. Thank you.»

He gave Jim a lot of money. Jim’s mother was happy too. They weren’t poor any more.

Tasks.

1. Translate the words into Russian: a little house, poor man, a lazy boy, to work in the field, a penny, a pocket, to stay in bed, in the evening, a jar of milk, a large pocket, a beautiful girl, a donkey, back, laugh, speak, continue, butter, a piece of meat, a hungry dog, to carry a donkey on the back.

2. Fill in the missing letters: n…me, p…or, m…ther, w…rk, b…d, h…lp, m…rning, h…u…e, pl…y, l…rg…, c…t, h…nds, b…au…iful, vil…age, fun…y, h…p…y.

3. Unscramble the words and translate them from English into Russian: opor, lifed, ylap, kiml, ihra, sihtr, rja, nepny, imj, tbuert.

4. Decide if these sentences are true (T) or false (F).

	1. Jim was a hardworking boy.
	2. He lived with his mother in a little house.
	3. Mr. Green gave Jim one pound for his job.
	4. Jim worked in the field on Monday.
	5. Jim put a jar of milk in his bag.
	6. He gave him a lot of money.
	7. The girl looked out of the window and saw the boy with the cat on his back.
	8. On Monday next week Jim worked very well.
	9. So Mr. Green gave him a dog.
	10. There was a beautiful girl in the village.

5. Make up the questions to the sentences.

1. Jim worked all day and in the evening. (Who?)

2. On his way home Jim dropped money and couldn’t find it. (When?)

3. It was a hot day and there was butter on his body. (Was?)

4. Jim carried butter on his head. (Where?)

5. Jim’s family was very poor. (Was?)

6. There was a beautiful girl in the village. (Was?)

7. On Thursday Mr. Green gave him some butter. (Did?)

8. The girl and her father lived in a large and beautiful house. (Did?)

9. Jim took a string out of his pocket and pulled the meat after him. (Did?)

10. It was large and heavy. (Was?)

6. Match the two halves of the sentences: Jim took the cat and, a large piece of meat, Why didn’t you, on his back, Mr. Green gave himand heavy, It was large, wanted to carry it in his hands, Jim put the donkey, take a string?

7. Unscramble the sentences and translate them from English into Russian.

1. Away / the cat / Jim / ran / from.

2. Behind / look / not / Jim / did.

3. Monday / on / worked / well / Jim / very.

4. A string / Jim / out / took / pocket / his / of.

5. Worked / Saturday / on / much / Jim / very.

6. Went / to / Tuesday / on / Mr. / Green.

7. Worked / all / he / day / the.

8. Penny / gave / Mr. / Green / him / a.

9. Dropped / Jim / penny / a / way / his / on / home.

10. He / put / didn’t / penny / a / in / pocket / his?

8.Answer the questions.

1. What did Mr. Green give Jim on Friday?

2. Why didn’t Jim bring the cat home?

3. Did Jim carry the meat in his hands?

4.Where did Jim put the donkey?

5.Who was Jim with the donkey on his back?

Text 4.19

Read, translate the text and do the post-reading exercises .

The Potter and the Painter

Many years ago there lived two friends, a potter and a painter. They had little money for their job. Everything was OK between them till the painter, a very good worker, got a lot of money for a beautiful portrait he painted. The potter, a bad and lazy worker, didn’t like that. At first he asked the painter to give him some money. But the painter wanted the money for his big family. In the end the potter thought of a very bad thing. «Well,» he said to himself, «I must teach my friends, the painter, a good lesson.»

That night the potter slept very badly or didn’t sleep at all. He thought what a good lesson he could teach the painter. Early in the morning he went to the king. He said: «My king, I know that you want a white elephant. I am going to tell you how you can get one.» The king was happy to hear the potter’s words. And the potter went on telling his story. «My friend, the painter, knows how to turn any color into white. Tell him to come here and make your grey elephant white.»

The king called his men and they ran to him. He told them to go and bring the painter. When the painter came to the palace, the king said to him: «I heard that you know how to change the color of anything into white. I want you to make my grey elephant white. And remember, if you want to live you must do it, and do it well.»

When the painter heard the king’s words he understood everything.

«And may I ask you, my king, who told you this story?» said the painter.

«I am not going to answer your questions and you must not ask me anything,» cried the king.

The painter thought: «My last day came because I can’t change the color of the elephant.» The painter wanted to tell the king this, but suddenly he saw the potter’s laughing face behind the people’s backs.

«So that is your little game, my dear friend,» he thought, «but before my head falls off my neck I must teach you a lesson.»

«All right, my king,» the painter turned to the king, «I can change your elephant’s color. But when I change the color of anything I put it into water for a long time. And I have no pot for your elephant. It must be a very large pot.»

«Potter,» the king turned to the bad man, «You heard the painter’s words, didn’t you? Go and make a pot for him, a very large pot that can hold my elephant.»

«What have I done?» the potter thought. «That’s the end of me!» So he went to his workshop and began to make a large pot for the elephant. But who can make a pot like that? Of course, not our potter!

The pot fell to pieces the first time when the people carried it. It fell to pieces the second time when the workers put it, red hot, into cold water. And it fell to pieces the third time when the elephant put its foot on it. The painter watched it and laughed to himself. For months and months the potter worked in his workshop. During all those months he woke up early in the morning and worked till late at night. At night he didn’t sleep well but thought about the pot and often cried.

«What a mistake I made!» he repeated to himself.

But one fine day the elephant ran away to the woods.

What a happy day for the potter!

The painter taught the potter a good lesson, didn’t he?

And the potter never did bad things like that again to the end of his days.

Tasks.

1.Translate the words from English into Russian : potter, painter, a portrait, to sleep badly, an elephant, a head, a neck, a workshop, a pot, to fall off, to fall to pieces, to laugh, to run away, to put a foot on the pot, friends, money, to teach smb. a lesson, to understood everything, to make a large pot, at night, to wake up early in the morning, to paint a picture, to talk to the king, to make a pot, to put the elephant into the pot.

2. Match the opposites: little, bad, good, hard-working, lazy, big, kind, angry, small, large.

3. Fill in the missing letters: fr…end, w…rk, m…ney, f…m…ly, b…d, p…tter, p…inter, p…rtr…it, el…p…ant, h…ad, n…ck, fr…ends, w…rksh…p.

4. Fill in the table of irregular verbs.

Infinitive	Past Simple	Translation
to get
to have
to teach
to sleep
to go
to live
to ask
to want
to think
to call
to know
to tell
to come
to fall
to put
to watch
to repeat

5. Match the phrases in English with the appropriate phrases in Russian: to run to the king, изменить цвет, to change the colour, видеть лицо смеющегося гончара, to understand everything, бежать к королю, to answer the question, понимать все, to see the potter’s laughing, отвечать на вопросы, face.

6. Unscramble the words and translate them from English into Russian: rpineta, rptotari, ylaz, ingk, afec, porett, pertain, ptaiort, hade, nghti.

7. Decide if these sentences are true (T) or false (F).

	1. Many years ago there lived two painters.
	2. Late at night the potter came to the king.
	3. The potter was very angry with the painter.
	4. The king’s dream was to have a white elephant.
	5.The painter was very happy to help the king.
	6. When the painter heard the king’s he understood everything.
	7. The pot fell to pieces the first time when the people carried it.
	8. It fell to pieces the second time when the workers put it, red hot, into cold water.
	9. When the painter heard the king’s words he understood everything.
	10.The king called his men and they ran to him.
	11.That night the potter didn’t sleep very badly, he slept very well.
	12.Tell him to come here and make your grey elephant black.

8. Choose the correct variant.

1.Many years ago there … two friends.

a) worked; b) walked; c) lived.

2.Early in the morning the potter went to … .

a) the king; b) the painter; c) the market.

3.My friend knows how to … any color into white.

a) paint; b) change; c) have.

4.The king called men and they … to him.

a) rode; b) walked; c) ran.

5.The painter…, «My last day came.»

a) thought; b) said; c) cried out.

Text 4.20

Read, translate the text and do the post-reading exercises .

A Slave

Murillo was a great painter in Spain. He painted beautiful pictures and he had many students. Once he came to his studio and found a very beautiful picture there. He asked his students who had painted that picture but nobody answered. Then he asked his slave Sebastian if he had seen somebody in the studio the night before. The slave did not answer. When the night came and everybody went away, Sebastian began to paint. He did not think of the time. Suddenly he heard a noise behind him. When he turned round he saw Murillo and his students watch him quietly.

«Sebastian,» cried Murillo, «you are a very good painter. How did you learn to paint?»

«I took my lessons from you, master,» answered the slave.

«From me? I have never given you lessons,» said Murillo.

«But you gave lessons to your students and I heard them,» answered the slave. Murillo was a very honest man. He understood that the slave was a very gifted painter, so he gave him freedom and began to work with his «slave», who was not a slave any longer.

Tasks.

1. Translate the words from English into Russian : slave, great, painter, pictures, student, answer, somebody, before, go away, begin, suddenly, noise, turned round, learn, lesson, heard, honest man, understand, gift.

2. Unscramble the words and translate them from English into Russian : inose, nweasr, gebin, rehd, fgit, regat, lasve, fobere, dustio, nipater.

3. Decide if these statements are true (T) or false (F) .

T/F	Sentences
	Murillo painted beautiful pictures and he had many students.
	Murillo was a great painter in Ukraine.
	When the night came and everybody went away, Sebastian began to paint.
	Once he came to his studio and found a very bad picture there.
	When Sebastian turned round he saw Murillo and his students watch him quietly.

4. Make up questions to the sentences.

1. Murillo was a great painter in Spain.

2. Murillo painted beautiful pictures and he had many students.

3. When the night came and everybody went away, Sebastian began topaint.

5. Fill in the table of irregular verbs .

Infinitive	Past Simple	Translation
	was/were
to have
	came
	saw
to take

6. Unscramble the sentences and translate them from English into Russian .

1.Came/and/to/once/picture/he/there/studio/beautiful/has/a/found/very

2. Answer/slave/not/the/did

3. Was/painter/Murillo/in/a/Spain/great

7. Make up your own sentences with words and word combinations : turned round; honest man; painter; slave; pictures.

8. Fill in the gaps with the missing letters: p…in…er,_... ic…ures,s…a…e,g…ea…e,st…d…o,b…f…re…,рr…ud, …enly, …oi……e,l… …on.

9. Match the two halves of the sentences: Murillo was a, you, master,» Murillo painted, great painter in Spain, The slave, lessons to your students, «I took my lessons from,and I heard them,»; «But you gave, did not answer, beautiful pictures and he had many students.

10. Match the opposites: beautiful, after, found, lost, nobody, day, night, everybody, before, disgusting.

11. Who says these sentences in the story?

1. «Sebastian,»___________

2. «I took my lessons from you, master,»____________

3. «you are a very good painter. How did you learn to paint?»_________

4. «From me? I have never given you lessons,»________

5. «But you gave lessons to your students, and I heard them,»_________

12.Unscramble the sentences and translate them from English into Russian.

1. Hepaintedbeautifulpicturesandhehadmanystudents.

2. Theslavedidnotanswer.

3. Sebastianbegantopaint

4. Hedidnotthinkofthetime.

5. Howdidyoulearntopaint?

6. Ihavenevergivenyoulessons.

7. Murillowasaveryhonestman.

Text 4.21

Read, translate the text and do the post-reading exercises .

The King and the Critic

The king liked to write stories which he thought were very good. The people to whom he showed them did not like them. But they were afraid to say it to the king. So they said his stories were good.

One day he showed his stories to a well-known critic who said that they were bad. The king was very angry and sent the critic to prison.

After some time the king sent his men to the critic to tell him that he was free. When the critic returned from the prison, the king invited him to his palace to dinner. Again he showed him some of his stories and again asked him what he thought of them.

The critic said nothing, but turned to the soldiers, who were standing behind him and said: «Take me back to prison.»

Tasks.

1. Translate the words from English into Russian: to afraid, a story, a critic, well-known, prison, to invite, a dinner, behind, angry.

2 . Unscramble the sentences and translate them into Russian : gnki, iicrtc, opsnir, aalcep, ytrso, ynram, nnierd, oppeel.

3 . Unscramble the sentences and translate them into Russian .

1. King/ write/which/ were/ liked/ stories/ very/ he/ the/ thought/ good/to

2. But/ were/ they/ to/ it/ to/ the/ say/ king/ afraid.

3. And/ king/ the/ very/ sent/ the/ critic/ angry/ to/ was/ prison.

4. King/ after/ tell/ some/ time/ him/ the/ his/ to/ the/ critic/ to/ sent/ was/that/ he/ men/ free.

4. Make up the sentences with these words and word combinations: one day, after some time, the critic, to dinner, the soldiers.

5 . Fill in the gaps with the missing letters: ki…g, d…nn…r, cr…t…c, a…ra…d, an…r, p…is…n, be…i…d.

6 . Choose the correct variant.

1. The king liked to write stories which he thought were…

a) very good; b) perfect; c) very boring.

2. One day he showed his stories to… who said that they were bad.

a) an old man; b) a well-known critic; c) his daughter.

3. The king was very angry and sent the critic to…

a) palace; b) prison; c) forest.

4. When the critic returned from prison, the king invited him to his palace to…

a) dinner; b) supper; c) party.

5. Again he showed him some of… and again asked him what he

thought of them.

a) his daughter’s fairy-tales; b) his poems; c) his stories.

6. The critic said nothing, but turned to…, who were standing behind him and said: «Take me back to prison.»

a) the king; b) his daughter; c) the soldiers.

7.Fill in the table of irregular verbs .

Infinitive	Past Simple	Translation
to write
	thought
	was, were
to take
to go	sent

to tell

8 . Decide if these statements are true (T) or false (F) .

T/F	Sentences
	The people to whom he showed them did not like them.
	One day he showed his stories to a well-known critic who said that they were very good.
	The king was very angry and sent the critic to prison.
	After some time the king sent his men to the critic to tell him that he was right.
	Again he showed him some of his stories and again asked him what he thought of them.
	The critic said nothing, but turned to the soldiers, who were standing behind him and said: «Take me back to prison.»

9. Match the two halves of sentences: one day he showed his, who were standing behind him, stories to a well-known critic and said, «Take me back to prison», The people to whom he showed them, critic to tell him that he was free, The king was very angry, and sent the critic to, prison, The critic said nothing, them did not like, but turned to the soldiers, them, After some time the king, who said that they sent his men to the critic were bad.

10. Correct the sentences.

1. The king was very happy and sent the critic to prison.

2. When the critic returned from a forest, the king invited him to his palace to dinner.

3. The king liked to write fairy-tales which he thought were very good.

4. The critic said nothing, but turned to the king, who were standing behind him and said: «Take me back to prison.»

5. Again he pushed him some of his stories and again asked him what he thought of them.

11. Unscramble the sentences and translate them from English into Russian.

1. Thecriticsaidnothing,butturnedtothesoldiers,whowerestanding

behindhimandsaid, «Takemebacktoprison.»

2. Aftersometimethekingsenthismentothecritictotellhimthathe

wasfree.

3. Thepeopletowhomheshowedthemdidnotlikethem.

4. Thekingwasveryangryandsentthecritictoprison.

5. Onedayheshowedhisstoriestoawell-knowncriticwhosaidthat

theywerebad.

12 . Make up questions to the sentences.

1. The king liked to write stories which he thought were very good.

2. One day he showed his stories to a well-known critic who said that they were bad.

3. After some time the king sent his men to the critic to tell him that he was free.

4. When the critic returned from prison, the king invited him to his palace to dinner.

5. Again he showed him some of his stories and again asked him what he thought of them.

13 . Answer the questions.

1. Who liked to write the stories?

2. Did people like the king’s stories?

3. What did a critic think about them?

4. Where did the king send a critic to?

5. What did a critic say about stories after he was free?

Text 4.22

Read, translate the text and do the post-reading exercises .

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