What is the difference between a network client and a server?
In computing terminology, both “client” and “server” refer to computers that are used for different purposes. A client is a small computer that accesses a server through a network. For example, in an organization, an employee logs in to the client machine to access the files and applications running on a server machine. This two-tier architecture is also known as client-server architecture which mainly focuses on the division of labor in an organization. A server machine is a large-capacity computer that can store a wide variety of files such as application and data files. There are various types of servers, such as; application server, file server, web server, database server, print server, proxy server, game server, standalone server, etc. A client can be classified into fat, thin, and hybrid. A fat client supports both local storage and local processing. A thin client is a less powerful machine with minimum hardware installed. It usually utilizes the resources of a host machine and relies on the server to perform any data processing. The primary job of a thin client is just to graphically display the images provided by an application server. A hybrid client processes locally but relies on the server for data storage.
Some application servers may require users to log in from their client machines in order to access specific applications utilizing the client-server architecture. The client machines can not only access the applications and data files, but they can also use the processor of the server to perform certain tasks without having to add any additional hardware resources to the client machine.
The client computer usually contains more end-user software than the server computer. A server usually contains more operating system components. Multiple users can log into a server at the same time. A client machine is simple and inexpensive whereas a server machine is more powerful and expensive.
The main difference between a client machine and a server machine is in its performance. The client machines are considered optimal for applications which require speedy start-up times. A server machine is considered optimal for applications where the emphasis is more on performance.
Summary:
1. A client machine is a small computer with a basic hardware configuration whereas
a server machine is a high-end computer with an advanced hardware configuration.
2. A client is a simple and less powerful machine whereas a server is a powerful
expensive machine.
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3. A client is used for simple tasks whereas a server is used for storing huge data
files and applications.
4. A server delivers high performance compared to a client machine.
5. A server supports simultaneous, multiple user log-ins whereas a client supports a
single user log-in at a time.
Give the characteristic the fundamentals of communication. The Elements of Communication. Communicating the Messages.
The first important characteristic of communication is that there must be a minimum number of two persons because no single individual can have an exchange of ideas with himself. A listener is necessary to receive one’s ideas. Therefore, there must be at least two persons-the sender of information and the receiver. (2) Exchange of Ideas: Communication cannot be thought of in the absence of exchange of ideas. In order to complete the process of communication there must be an exchange of ideas, orders, feelings, etc., among two or more than two persons. (3) Mutual Understanding: Mutual understanding means that the receiver should receive the information in the same spirit with which it is being given. In the process of communication, it is more important to understand the information rather than carry it out. (4) Direct and Indirect Communication: It is not necessary in communication that the receiver and giver of information should be face-to-face with each other. Communication can be both direct and indirect. Direct communication means face-to-face conversation, while indirect communication is through other means. (5) Continuous Process: Communication is an endless process, as is the case with business where the manager continuously assigns work to his subordinates, tries to know the progress of the work and gives directions. (6) Use of Words as well as Symbols: There can be many means of communication, like the written, the oral and symbolic. The examples of symbolic communication are the ringing of bell for closing a school or a college, saying something by the movement of the neck, showing anger or disapproval through eyes, giving some decision by the raising of a finger in cricket, etc.
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The source is the living or non-living thing attempting to share information. This is where the intended communication originates. The message is simply the information that is being communicated. Encoding is the process of bundling the message into an effective package that is easily understandable for the intended audience. Once the message is encoded, the source delivers the message through a channel, which may be verbal, non-verbal, personal, non-personal or some combination of these categories.
The message is ultimately received and decoded by the receiver. If the message has been crafted properly by the source, the receiver has no problem decoding and understanding the message. Therefore, the source judges its success based on the feedback it gets back from the receiver. This feedback presents an opportunity to learn and hone the process for continued communication success.
Finally, there is context, which encompasses the environment in which the message is delivered. Whether it is the language used or the channel selected, context is extremely important to the effectiveness of communication.
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