Настоящее простое (Present Simple)



Описывает обычные, повторяющиеся действия. Эти действия могут быть привычкой, каким-либо ежедневным событием, или всем тем, что происходит регулярно

· Cats like milk. (Кошкам нравится молоко)

          She always forgetsher purse. (Она всегда забывает свою сумочку)

Образование:

· к глаголу в 3 лице ед.числе прибавляется + s

He cooks dinner every Friday

·      отрицательные и вопросительные формы образуются с помощью

Вспомогательных глаголов Do / Does   (3 лицо, ед.число)

Birds do not like milk. (Птицам не нравится молоко)

Do pigs like milk? (Свиньям нравится молоко?)

When does the train usually leave? (Когда поезд обычно отходит?)

It does not  leave on Sundays. (Он не ходит по воскресеньям)

Признаки времени:

every morning / day – каждое утро / каждый день / и т.д.
always– всегда                                      usually– обычно
frequently / often – часто                    sometimes – иногда

seldom -  редко

Прошедшее простое (Past Simple )

 Описывает действия, начавшиеся и закончившиеся в какой-либо момент в прошлом.

Образование:  

· Правильные глаголы прибавляют окончание –ed

Last year I traveled to Japan.

· Неправильные  глаголы ставятся во II форму (см.таблицу)

I saw a movie yesterday.

· Модальные глаголы изменяются следующим образом:

PRESENT (НАСТОЯЩЕЕ)       PAST (ПРОШЕДШЕЕ)

Must                                              had to

Can                                                could

May                                               might

· Отрицательные и вопросительные формы образуются с помощью вспомогательного глагола  Did. Смысловой глагол переходит в форму инфинитива.

Last year I did not travelto Japan.

Did you travelto Japan?

Признаки времени:

yesterday – вчера
last year / month / –
в прошлом году / месяце / и т.д.
one year / month agoодин год / месяц назад

Будущее  простое (Future  Simple)

 Описывает  однократные действия в будущем.

Образование:  с помощью вспомогательного глагола  Will.

 Смысловой глагол стоит в инфинитиве.

· You will help him later. (Ты поможешь ему позже.)

· Will you help him later? (Ты поможешь ему позже?)

· You will not help him later. (Ты не поможешь ему позже.)

Признаки времени:

tomorrow – завтра
tonight –сегодня вечером
next week / month /  –на следующей неделе / в следующем месяце / и т.д.
soon –скоро
in the future –в будущем

in (two days/ a year…)- через два дня, через год и т.д.

Exercises

1. Напишите предложения, используя отрицательную форму настоящего простого времени.

Kim/not/live/in Africa. (Ким не живет в Африке.) – Kim doesn’t live in Africa.

  1. My computer/not/work. (Мой компьютер не работает.)
  2. Tony/not/eat/meat or sausage. (Тони не ест мясо или колбасу.)
  3. I/not/understand/Russian. (Я не понимаю русский язык.)
  4. My kids/not/wear/hats. (Мои дети не носят шапки.)
  5. We/not/finish/our work/so early. (Мы не заканчиваем работу так рано.)
  6. Steve/not/sing/karaoke. (Стив не поет караоке.)

2. Выберите правильный вариант:

1. I usually…my granny on Saturday.

a) visits;  b) visited; c) visit; d) will visit

2. … they go to the Zoo with us next week?

a) shall;  b) will; c) do; d) did

3. I…to my friend’s place yesterday.

a) goed;  b) went; c) goes; d) will go

4. He will not…his holidays in America.

a) spent;  b) spended; c) spends; d) spend

5. I …to school every day.

a) go;  b) will go; c) went;

6. My mother… Moscow last year.

a) visit; b) will visit; c) visited

7. She …good English. She is my friend.

a) speaks;  b) will speak; c) spoke ;

8. I… to the village next summer.

a) go;  b) will go; c) went;

 

3. Поставьте приведенные ниже правильные глаголы в прошедшую форму:

Work – worked                             Restore –

Seem –                                          Return –

Start –                                      Suggest –

Translate –                               Turn –

Wish –                                   ! Stop –

Settle –                                     Stretch –

Support –                                 Treat –

Wave –                                    Play –

 

4. Раскройте скобки:

1. Last week I ( to visit) my grandparents.

2. We ( not to be) at school yesterday.

3. My sister often ( to read) books in the evening.

4. They ( not to do) exercises every morning.

5. Helen (to play) chess with her brother tomorrow.

6. I (not to have) breakfast yesterday.

7. We usually (to invite) our friends to the party.

8. I (to be) in London last week.

5. Выберите правильный вариант:

1. Where …your parents last week?

A are      C were

B did      D was

2. Nick …to school every day.

A goes          C go

B went      D will go

3. Jane …not…bread and milk tomorrow.

A did … buy      C does …buy

B will … buy      D do …buy

4. I usually … my mother and my father in the evening.

A helped     C help

B helps       D will help

5. My friend …at school last week.

A weren’t       C isn’t

B didn’t be     D wasn’t

6. When … your father … the day after tomorrow?

A will … get up      C does …get up

B did … get up       D do … get up

7. My balls … in the box yesterday. My brother … them.

A aren’t, taked       C wasn’t, took

B weren’t, took      D isn’t, taked

8. Who …up in your family? I … .

A wash, will do        C washes, did

B will wash, does     D washes, do

9. They … to the Zoo next week.

A goes          C go

B will go      D went

10. There … a bookshelf  with books in my room.

A are      C were

B is         D shall be

6. Вставьте глагол в правильной форме:

1.The USA (to be)___________one of the largest countries in the world. The Statue of Liberty (to be)___________one of the interesting monuments in New York. The Statue of Liberty (to stand) ___________ in New York Harbour. Liberty (to mean) ________freedom. The Statue of Liberty (to be) ________as tall as a skyscraper.

2. Maslenitsa (to be) ________a very popular holiday in our country. It (to last)__________for a week. Russian people (to celebrate)______________it at the end of February or at the beginning of March. During Maslenitsa week we always (to cook)__________pancakes. I (to like)___________this old Russian tradition.

3. The Central Stadium in Luzhniki________(to be) one of the most important sports complexes of Moscow. It_________(to include) the Large sports arena with a seating capacity of 10000, the Small sports arena, a swimming pool, the Palace of sports, tennis courts and football fields. The Luzhniki arena_______ to be) one of the most picturesque places in Moscow.

4. The Museum of the Moscow Metro_______(to cover) the history of the capital’s underground from the beginning of the last century to the present day. One can_______(to see) the unusual exhibition in this museum.

7. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present или Past  Simple.

1. His sister (to study) English every day. 2. She (to study) English two years ago. 3. You (to come) home at six o'clock yesterday? - No, I ... . Yesterday I (to come) home from school at half past eight. I (to be) very tired. I (to have) dinner with my family. After dinner I (to be) very thirsty. I (to drink) two cups of tea. Then I (to rest). 4. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock every day. 5. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock yesterday. 6. My brother (to wash) his face every morning. 7. Yesterday he (to wash) his face at a quarter past seven. 8. I (not to have) history lessons every day. 9. We (not to rest) yesterday. 10. My brother (not to drink) coffee yesterday.

8. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple, Past Simple или Future Simple.

1. He (to turn) on the television to watch cartoons every morning. 2. He (to turn) on the television to watch cartoons yesterday morning. 3. He (to turn) on the television to watch cartoons tomorrow morning. 4. I always (to go) to the Altai Mountains to visit my relatives there. 5. I (to be) very busy last summer and I (not to go) there. 6. I (not to go) there next year because it (to cost) a lot of money and I can’t afford it. 7. They (to enjoy) themselves at the symphony yesterday evening? 9. We (not to have) very good weather, but we still (to have) a good time during our short stay in London.

 

2. Длительные времена


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