Match the titles with some brief information to each of them.

If everything is correct, you’ll find out important features are displayed

in the muster lists:

 

the title	the brief explanation to the title
1.Types of Emergency and different alarms for the same	a. Brief instruction is given in case the alarm for a particular emergency is sounded, which includes action to be taken by the crew onboard.
2.Instruction to follow in case of different types of emergency	b. The crew name is displayed along with the assigned lifeboat for abandon ship emergency. Normally two lifeboats are assigned in between all the crew member i.e. port side and starboard side life boat.
3.Common Muster point for all the crew	c. Different teams are made to tackle emergencies like fire, flooding etc. these are command team, emergency team, emergency team, roving commission and engine room team.
4.Crew list of all crew member with assigned life boat	d. Ship specifications are displayed along with the communication methods and equipments to be used in case of emergency.
5.Assigned duties for abandon ship	e. Main emergencies like fire, man overboard, abandon ship, oil spill etc. are listed along with dedicated visual and audible alarms.
6.Different teams with assigned duties for the individuals of the team for emergencies	f. A separate section for general and special instructions is provided which is used by the master or the chief engineer of the vessel to keep inform or to instruct the crew of the ship.
7.Ship Specification and emergency communication equipment	g. All the crew listed in the muster list are assigned with duties to perform in emergency situation like carrying EPIRB and SART, lifeboat and life raft launching etc.
8.Special and general instruction by master	h. The common muster point is clearly described if any emergency alarm is sounded. Normally life boat deck area is made as a common muster point.

 

 

Типы судов

Types of ships

 

Exercise 1. Read and learn the following words and expressions:

 

1.	general cargo ship	судно для перевозки генерального груза
2.	dry bulk carrier	судно для перевозки навалочного груза (балкер)
3.	multipurpose ship	судно многоцелевого назначения
4.	liquid cargo	жидкий груз
5.	LASH ships	лихтеровоз
6.	freighter	1. фрахтователь, 2. грузовое судно
7.	(seagoing) lighters	(морской) лихтер, портовая баржа
8.	to stack (upon)	складывать, помещать (один на один)
9.	to carry/to haul	перевозить, транспортировать
10.	in bulk/loose	насыпью, навалом или наливом
11.	shipper	грузоотправитель
12.	liner	лайнер, пароход, совершающий регулярные рейсы
13.	tramp	трамповое судно (грузовое судно, не работающее на определенных рейсах)
14.	schedule	расписание, график, план, режим
15.	deep-sea or short sea tramp	трамповое судно дальнего или прибрежного плавания
16.	shipping companies	судоходная (транспортная) компания
17.	to tow, tug	буксировать; буксир
18.	to submerge	погружать(ся), затоплять
19.	derelicts and wrecks	фрагменты и обломки судна
20.	obstacle	препятствие
21.	cell	ячейка
22.	perishable goods	скоропортящиеся товары
23.	ramp	аппарель, пандус, наклонный въезд или съезд
24.	coaster	каботажное судно
25.	cargo handling equipment/gear	Оборудование для обработки груза

 

Exercise 2. Read and translate the text, paying attention to the words in italics.

 

Classification of cargo ships

 

Cargo ships, or freighters, can be divided into four groups, according to the kind of cargo they carry. These groups are (1) general cargo ships, (2) tankers, (3) dry bulk carriers, and (4) multi­purpose ships. General cargo ships, carry what are called "packaged" items - goods that are put in packages or that form a package in themselves. Packaged items include such products as chemi­cals, foods, furniture, machinery, motor vehicles, shoes, steel, textiles, and whiskey. The traditional cargo ships include container ships, roll-on/roll-off ships, and LASH ships. LASH ships are huge freighters that carry preloaded seagoing lighters (barges) stacked one upon the other. The term LASH stands for Lighter Aboard Ship. LASH ships can hold from 70 to 90 barges, each of which can carry 370 tons (336 metric tons) of cargo. Tankers carry oil or other liquid cargo. Dry bulk carriers haul coal, grain, iron ore, and similar products that can be loaded in bulk(loose) on the vessels. Multipurpose ships carry different classes of cargo - for example, liquid and general cargo - at the same time.

Cargo ships can also be divided into two types according to the service they offer shippers— liner service or tramp service. Cargo liners run on fixed schedules along certain trade routes and charge published rates. They usually transport only general cargo. Some cargo liners also carry passengers. Those that carry more than 12 passengers are called combinationor passenger-cargo ships. Tramp ships do not sail on regular trade routes or have regular schedules. They can be hired to haul almost anything, anywhere, anytime. Tramps can be classed as deep-sea or short-sea tramps. Some of them are classed as coasters. They ply on coastal routes and up rivers to inland ports. Small shipping companies and private individuals op­erate these ships.

Exercise 3. Give brief answers to the following questions:

1. What are the main types of cargo ships?

2. What are tankers used for?

3. What are general cargo ship?

4. What are multipurpose ships used for?

5. What are tramp ships?

6. What is the difference between cargo liners and tramps?

7. What types of tramps do you know?

8. How is containerised cargo loaded and unloaded?

9. What are some advantages of containerisation?

10. What ships do we call Ro-Ro ships?

11. What does the word LASH stand for? What are LASH ships used for?

12. What are dry bulk cargo carriers used for?

 

Exercise 4. Give equivalents:

 

· in Russian: to haul, fixed routes, packaged items, refrigerated goods, bulk cargo, to be designed, lighters, stern opening, reefer, tug, bulky cargo ship, gantry cranes, cell, containerized goods, bulky cargo, shipper, to stack, tramp service, derelicts and wrecks, to submerge, cargo handling gear, perishable goods, the main feature, to tow, to be hoisted, lorries or trailers, to be fitted;

· in English: насыпной груз, хранение, коммерческое судно, генеральный груз, грузовое судно, обеспечивать, расписание или график, лесоматериалы, порт назначения, лайнер (пароход, совершающий регулярные рейсы), жидкий груз, буксир, насос, подъемная стрела, двойное дно, навалочный груз, трамповое судно, оборудование для обработки груза, препятствие или помеха, портальный или эстакадный кран, аппарель, скоропортящийся груз, размещать груз, фрагменты судна или его обломки, паром, буксировать, поднимать, судно многоцелевого назначения, затоплять.

 

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