Who is a disruptive passenger ?
A disruptive passenger is a passenger who does not respect the rules for conduct on board or does not comply with the instructions of crew members disturbing the order and discipline on aircraft. Unruly or violent passengers pose a considerable risk to the safe operation of a flight.
What forms of unruly passenger behavior are not tolerated on aircraft?
Drunkenness, physical assault, verbal abuse or sexual harassment;
-behaving recklessly or negligently in a manner likely to endanger aircraft or an occupant; -smoking in any compartment where smoking is prohibited; -disobeying lawful commands from the commander of the aircraft; -behaviour which is violent, argumentative, threatening, intimidating or disorderly, including harassment.
72. What parts of the ACFT are vulnerable to icing? How can ACFT be prevented from ice accretion? the leading edge of wing and tail surfaces, pitot and static port openings, fuel tank vents, stall warning devices, windshields, and propeller blade, antennas, engine air intake.
Anti-icing procedure can be accomplished by
- using electrically heated resistive elements on the leading edges of wings and tail surfaces and propeller leading edges.
- bleed air from the compressors on the engines heats leading edges of the wings
What is the difference between de-icing and anti-icing procedures? What is “holdover time”?
De-icing procedure is the process of removing ice and snow contamination from an aircraft surface with special chemical fluids on de-icing point. Anti-icing is the process of preventing ice formation on the leading edge of wing and tail surfaces, pitot and static port openings, fuel tank vents, stall warning devices, windshields, engine air intakes. We need to retreat ACFT when the holdover time of chemical fluid effect is expired.
What types of turbulence are you familiar with? What are their causes? What makes them dangerous?
There are four fundamental causes of turbulence:
Thermal When the surface is sufficiently warm, vertical currents of air are formed.
Mechanical caused by interference of surface features (mountains, tall buildings, trees, etc.) on the horizontal flow of air.
WindshearWhen the direction or speed of wind changes dramatically with a short horizontal or vertical distance.
Aerodynamic (Wake Vortex Turbulence) is generated by the preceding or crossing aircraft.
Severe turbulence can dramatically change ACFT attitude, and can lead to passengers injures.
|
|
|
What is microburst/downburst? Why is it so dangerous?
A downburst is created by an area of significantly rain-cooled, descending air that, after hitting ground level, spreads out in all directions producing strong winds. Downbursts are hazard of aircraft at low level, especially on t/o and landing.
A low flowing plane encountering this would fly first into a strong headwind, then a downdraught, then a fierce tailwind, which forces it to lose height rapidly.
76. Are you familiar with any incidents or accident related to microburst?
84. What is RWY incursion? is the unauthorized entry onto a runway by an aircraft, a vehicle, a person or an object that is a serious danger to any airplane which may be taking off or landing. = “Any occurrence at an aerodrome involving the incorrect presence of an aircraft vehicle or person on the protected area of a surface designated for the landing and takeoff of aircraft”(ICAO).
85.What is RWY excursion? выкатывание за пределы ВПП" is a veer off (отклоняться от курса) or overrun выкатывание за пределы off the runway surface" (ICAO). Veer-Off is an excursion in which the wheels of an aircraft depart the side of a runway. Overrun is an excursion in which the wheels of an aircraft depart (выкатываться) the end of a runway.
For what aims is landing gear used?
Landing gear – it's the system that supports the static load of an ACFT on ground or water during maneuver or in static condition, provides a means of ground maneuver/taxiing, absorbs the landing shocks, dampens the vibration, facilitates aircraft for takeoff and landing, provides the ACFT the braking and steering functions.
88. What problems with landing gear may arise in flight?
Technical problems with landing gear can be caused by loss of hydraulic pressure, electrical failure, mechanical damage: flat/jammed/blown tyre
89. What is the difference between the terms “Belly landing” and “gear up landing”? Belly landing refers to incidents where a mechanical malfunction prevents the pilot from extending the landing gear while gear-up landing refers to incidents due to pilots error when he forgets to extend the landing gear.
|
|
|
94. Are you familiar with… landing gear problem?
In 2011 LOT Polish Airlines Flight 16 had performed a belly landing at Warsaw airport. The B767 performed a flight from NY. The hydraulic leak occurred shortly after takeoff, which resulted in a loss of all the hydraulic fluid that powered the primary landing gear system.
95. Are you familiar with any incidents finished with ditching?
Дата добавления: 2018-05-12; просмотров: 1328; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы! |
Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!