Define the main features of the noun, the adjective, the verb, the adverb within the 3- criteria principle of dividing words into parts of speech.
Consider the syntactical properties of the underlined words. State to what part of speech they belong.
a) She was sitting at a table with two women friends of hers who
came often to the house. b) We can house you and your friends if the hotel is full.
a)‘Nobody is like us’, Catherine said. b) ‘I like your dress,’ remarked Mrs. Mckee. c) They are as like as two peas.
4. Define the main features of the functional parts of speech in English:
the article, the preposition, the conjunction, the particle, the
interjection, the modal words.
1. State the subclasses of the following nouns, comment on the meaning of number:
a table, a man, sugar, music, a family, spectacles, police, wines.
2. Define the relations expressed by nouns in the Genitive case and the type of the Genitive case used.
· Mrs. Forester was a very nice woman. Her voice was a woman’s
voice. The letter dropped from Mr. Johnson’s hand. It was a two-hour’s trip. W. Shakespeare’s sonnets are masterpieces of poetry. The butcher’s was next. Judy’s smile wasn’t inviting.
Is it your farm? – No, my aunt and my uncle’s.
3. Examplify the would – be analytical cases.
Fancy the joy of the child getting a toy like this. Much water has
flown under the bridge. The cottage was separated from the road by a lawn. This is an exception to the rule. The chief left a message for you. He came out into the street.
4. State types of arguments in the following sentences:
John stopped the car at once. The car broke down. Mary wrote a novel. This knife won’t cut. The storm has ruined many houses.
5. State what properties of the nouns the underlined words possess.
· They thought us to distinguish between the false and the true.
· Often she tormented herself on the rights and wrongs of that impulsive action.
· We will nurse your sick and feed your hungry.
· The wiser go their way with a decent grace.
· The rich will help only the humble poor.
3.State whether the temporal or modal meaning prevails in ‘shall’ and ‘will’:
None are so deaf as those who will not hear. Winter will come and it will snow. I shall miss my train. Come, you shall have your cup of tea. Will you step in, sir? You will forget all about in a few minutes, I’m sure.
- State what aspective meanings are expressed in these sentences and the way of expression:
The water is boiling. He went on talking. The rain began to fall
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heavily. The sun set into a cloud. She stopped smiling at me. I used to have tea in his house nearly every day. He was throwing pebbles into the water.
4.What factors affect the meaning of “be + P II” in the following sentences:
The piano is not tuned. The symphony was per for med for the first time last week. You’ll be given new instructions when you leave. His instructions are not carried out. He was finally persuaded to enter polities. As my work is finished I’m free to go.
6.Define the meaning of the verb-forms in the sentences:
I knew it. I wish I knew it. I insert you read this book. Read this book.
8.Analyse the meaning of the verb “Should”
I should like to speak to you. You should be more attentive. I promised I should it. It is necessary that we should stay here.
Compare primary and secondary predication.
I rely on your coming in time. He stepped aside for me to pass. Classes over, we went home.
2. Define the types of the subject in the following sentences:
1.One can never be sure. 2. It is ill to waken sleeping dogs. 3. The man was seen to enter the house. 4. There were many people in the hall.
3. Define the type of the predicate in the following sentences:
- They were four. 2.You ought to tell me everything. 3. The moon rose red. 4. You must start working. 5.He seems to know the play well enough.
5. Draw the IC – model and the derivational tree for the following sentences:
The woman sniffed the rose. The police shot the man in the right arm. The police shot the man in the red cap.
“Denominalize” the phrases:
The invitation of the writer, the roaring of the lion, the shooting of lions, the shooting of hunters.
. State the deep structure of the sentences:
He is eager to please. He is easy to please
Compare the semantic structure of the following sentences:
a) John broke the window with a stone. A stone broke the window. The window broke.
b) The boy dug the sand. The boy dug a cave.
Seminar 6
Units of Syntax
Topics for Discussion:
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