Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
I. 1. Секретарь отправил подписанные директором письма. 2. Мы внимательно прочли присланную Иваном статью. 3. В этой комнате есть несколько сломанных стульев. 4. Он показал нам фотографию восстановленного здания Русского Музея в Петербурге. 5. Разбитый стакан лежал на столе. 6. Все полученные товары были немедленно отправлены на склад. 7. Он принес мне несколько иллюстрированных журналов. 8. Мы послали каталоги по указанному адресу. 9. Его неожиданный ответ удивил нас всех. 10. В настоящее время мы имеем очень ограниченное количество этих машин на складе. 11. Прочитав много книг по этому вопросу, он смог сделать очень интересный доклад. 12. Войдя в комнату, он увидел нескольких приятелей, ожидавших его. 13. Проработав над докладом весь день, он чувствовал себя очень усталым. 14. Он ушел, сказав, что скоро вернется. 15. Сняв пальто и шляпу, он пошел наверх. 16. "До свидания", – сказал он, посмотрев на меня холодно. 17. Проспав несколько часов, он снова почувствовал себя хорошо. 18. Увидев отца, дети побежали ему навстречу. 19. Он сказал эти слова и улыбнулся. 20. Он сидел, облокотившись на стол. 21. Увидев меня, он сказал улыбнувшись: "Я очень рад вас видеть".
II. 1. Картина, висевшая здесь в прошлом году, сейчас находится в музее. Картина, висевшая в вестибюле, привлекла мое внимание. 2. Я вчера разговаривал с одним инженером, работавшим несколько лет тому назад в порту. Мальчик, работавший в саду, не видел, как я подошел к нему.
3. Студенты, переводившие эту статью, говорят, что она очень трудная. Я подошел к студенту, переводившему какую-то статью, и спросил его, нужен ли ему словарь. 4. Я хочу прочитать эту книгу, так как мой приятель, читавший ее, говорит, что она очень интересная. Я спросил у молодого человека, читавшего газету, который час. 5. Он не заметил письма, лежавшего на столе. 6. Ученый, написавший эту статью, сделает доклад в нашем институте. 7. Все студенты, получившие приглашение на эту лекцию, присутствовали на ней. 8. Мне сказали, что женщина, сидевшая в коридоре, ждала директора.
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Keys
2.I. buying, buying, bought, bought / being bought; receiving, receiving, received, received / being received; translating, translating, translated, translated / being translated.
II. 1. written; 2. brought; 3. giving; 4. speaking; 5. asked; 6. answering; 7. read / being read; 8. told; 9. published; 10. working; 11. reading; 12. opening;
13. taking; 14. lost; 15. made; 16. standing; 17. walking; 18. entering;
19. looking; 20. built; 21. seeing.
III. 1. broken cup; 2. lost game; 3. torn envelope; 4. the team which had lost (the game); 5. the losing team / the team losing (the game); 6. boiled water;
7. boiling water; 8. forgotten method; 9. the man, who had forgotten; 10. barking dog; 11. method tested; 12. fried fish; 13. fish being fried; 14. the cat which had jumped on the table; 15. jumping dog; 16. the stolen theme; 17. laughing voice; 18. laughing girl; 19. chosen theme / theme chosen; 20. baked potatoes; 21. lost chance; 22. solution found; 23. the sportsman who had won (the game);
24. written letter.
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3. 1. excited, burning; 2. interesting, interested; 3. worried, worrying; 4. burnt;
5. sinking; 6. exciting, excited; 7. frightening, frightened; 8. worried.
4. 1. Having learnt that his newspaper had been taken over by another publisher, he resigned...; 2. Declining his offer of a loan, I said... .
5. I. 1. Realizing that he had missed the last train, he began...; 2. Having heard the story before, she didn't want... .
II. 1. Having been away at the time of disastrous floods, I could...; 2. Having been disappointed with the world, he became a monk.
6. 1. The man speaking now is our new secretary. 2. The apparatus standing on the table... .
7. 1. Be careful when crossing a street. 2. Leaving the room don't forget... .
8. 1. Entering the room, I at once felt...; 2. Having reached the river, we decided...; 3. Reaching out in the darkness, I felt… .
9. 1. Having walked most of the night, she felt...; 2. (when) taking child to the circus, I always... .
10.1. Did anyone see you leaving the house? 2. I hope your friend didn't hear you whispering your secrets to me.
11.1. built; 2. built; 3. being built; 4. building; 5. used; 6. used; 7. (being) sent; 8. sent.
12. I. 1. leaving; 2. when laid; 3. (while) waiting; 4. saying; 5. being written;
6. (when) writing; 7. having spent; 8. (while) away from home; 9. not wishing.
II. 1. being rejected; 2. having been rejected; 3. (while) waiting; 4. having left;
5. leaving / having left; 6. leaving; 7. being written; 8. writing; 9. having been away.
13. 1. a) told; b) being told; 2. a) made; b) being made; 3. a) being moved,
b) moved; 4. a) erected, b) being erected.
14. I. 1. standing; 2. standing; 3. standing; 4. who had been standing;
5. summing up; 6. waiting for you; 7. who have been waiting for you.
II. 1. having told all he knew; 2. knocking twice and receiving no answer;
3. pushing the door; 4. closing the door quietly; 5. telling about this incident;
6. arriving at the hotel; 7. having come; 8. coming back; 9. having worked the whole day; 10. dropping the coin on the floor.
III. 1. being held; 2. held; 3. being held; 4. being turned; 5. when put; 6. having been kept without water for a long time.
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15. I. 1. being proud of his father; 2. speaking at the meeting; 3. talking over the phone; 4. who had rescued; 5. touched upon in the report; 6. who had lost his parents; 7. not finding the book I needed; 8. having failed to complete the work on time; 9. having spent; 10. traveling about the country; 11. understanding;
12. knowing; 13. coming over to my friend; 14. seeing.
16.1. which had been often told; 2. told; 3. being told; 4. telling; 5. the promised help; 6. who promised; 7. who had been talking over the phone; 8. talking with my brother; 9. taking part in the conference; 10. who had taken part; 11. leading to the city; 12. which had led to the lake.
17. I. 1. signed; 2. sent; 3. broken; 4. restored; 5. broken; 6. the goods received; 7. illustrated; 8. the address given; 9. unexpected; 10. Having read; 11. Entering; 12. Having worked at; 13. saying; 14. Taking off; 15. looking; 16. Having slept; 17. Seeing; 18. said... smiling; 19. leaning on; 20. seeing me he said smiling.
II. 1. which hung, hanging in the hall; 2. who had worked, working; 3. who translated, translating; 4. who has read, reading; 5. lying on the table; 6. who has written this article; 7. who had received; 8. sitting.
Тестовые задания
PRESENT SIMPLE / PRESENT CONTINUOUS
1. It (often / rain) in this part of the world.
A) is often raining
B) often rains
2. Take your umbrella. It (rain) cats and dogs.
A) rains
B) is raining
3. Granny is in the kitchen. She (make) a plum-cake.
A) is making
B) makes
4. My wife (often / make) plum-cakes.
A) is often making
B) often makes
5. Can you phone a bit later, please? Jane (have a bath).
A) is having a bath
B) has a bath
6. Run downstairs. Your sister (wait) for you.
A) is waiting
B) waits
7. I don't know Spanish, but I (learn) it now.
A) am learning
B) learn
8. John (still / work) in the garden.
A) is still working
B) still works
9. Dad (usually / work) on Saturdays.
A) is usually working
B) usually works
10. Usually I (have coffee) in the morning, but now I (drink) tea.
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A) am having coffee A) drink
B) have coffee B) am drinking
11. We (sometimes / go) to the cinema.
A) are sometimes going
B) sometimes go
12. What she (do)? – She is a secretary at our college.
A) is she doing
B) she does
C) does she do
13. Why you (sit) at my desk? Could you take your place, please?
A) Why you are sitting
B) Why do you sit
C) Why are you sitting
14. We've got tickets, and tomorrow evening we (go) to the cinema.
A) go
B) are going
15. ... you (do) anything tomorrow afternoon? – I (play) tennis with my friend.
A) Are you doing A) am playing
B) Do you do B) play
Keys
1b; 2b; 3a; 4b; 5a; 6a; 7a; 8a; 9b; 10b,b; 11b; 12c; 13c; 14b; 15a,a.
PRESENT SIMPLE / PRESENT CONTINUOUS
A) right
B) wrong (in this case correct the sentence, please)
1. Tom is in his room. He plays the piano.
2. Jill is speaking five languages.
3. I am looking for my glasses. Where are they?
4. My brother is smoking 20 cigarettes a day.
5. I am not understanding what he is speaking about.
6. John is tired, so he has a short sleep.
7. The man in the dark grey coat is looking like Tom Garrett.
8. He doesn't like ballroom dancing.
9. I'm looking out of the window, but I'm not seeing him.
10. I am remembering that holiday we had in France a few years ago.
11. How much is it costing to send a letter to Paris?
12. My parents are never drinking strong coffee.
13. I hate big cities.
14. The play is beginning at half past seven.
15. What are you thinking of that novel?
16. What are you thinking about?
17. I am hoping Mag comes out of hospital soon.
PRESENT PERFECT / PAST SIMPLE
1. We (not / have) a holiday last year.
A) didn't have
B) haven't had
C) hadn't have
2. My parents (be) to the USA many times.
A) have been
B) were
C) have being
3. I (buy) a new dress last week, but I (not / wear) it yet.
A) have bought A) haven't worn
B) bought B) wore
C) had bought C) didn't wear
4. … it (stop) raining yet?
A) Did it stop
B) Is it stopped
C) Has it stopped
5. Don't worry about your letter. I (send) it the day before yesterday.
A) sended
B) have sent
C) sent
6. I (lose) my glasses. I (have) them when I came to the college this morning.
A) losed A) have had
B) have lost B) had
C) lost C) have
7. When Jill (finish) school?
A) When had Jill finished
B) When has Jill finished
C) When did Jill finish
8. When I was a child, I (always / be) late for school.
A) have always been
B) was always late
C) had always been
9. I can't find my umbrella. I think somebody (take) it by mistake.
A) took
B) takes
C) has taken
10. Are you tired? – Yes, a little. I (paint) the ceiling today.
A) have painted
B) painted
C) paint
11. We (not / see) Peter this week, but we (see) him a couple of weeks ago.
A) didn't see A) saw
B) haven't saw B) have seen
C) haven't seen C) have saw
12. Have you got any money? – Yes, I (borrow) it from my brother.
A) borrowed
B) have borrowed
C) did borrow
13. Where is Jane? – She (go) the shops. She'll be back soon.
A) went
B) has gone to
C) has been to
14. My husband (work) in the bank for three years since 1990 to 1993.
A) has worked
B) had worked
C) worked
15. Mom (lose) her car keys, so we have to open the door by force.
A) has lost
B) lost
C) losed
16. One of the passengers (die) in that accident.
A) has died
B) died
17. My sister and her husband (be married) since last Christmas.
A) were married
B) have married
C) have been married
18. the post (come) today?
A) Did the post come
B) Has the post come
C) Has the post came
Keys
1a; 2a; 3b,a; 4c; 5c; 6b,b; 7c; 8b; 9c; 10a; 11c,a; 12b; 13b; 14c; 15a; 16b; 17c; 18b.
PRESENT PERFECT / PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
1. He knows Africa well because he (travel) a lot there.
A) has been travelling
B) has travelled
2. You (write) this composition for two hours and can't complete it.
A) have been writing
B) have written
3. John is still repairing his car. – He must be tired. He (repair) it all day.
A) has repaired
B) has been repairing
4. Alice promised to come, but she's absent. Something (happen) to her.
A) has been happening
B) has happened
5. The children are drawing. They (draw) since they came home.
A) have been drawing
B) have drawn
6. ... they (tell) anything about their summer plans?
A) Have they been telling
B) Have they told
7. My aunt (have) the big house in the country.
A) has always been having
B) has always had
Keys
1a; 2a; 3b; 4b; 5a; 6b; 7b.
FUTURE CONTINUOUS / FUTURE SIMPLE
1. This time tomorrow they (sit) in the train on their way to Chicago.
A) will sit
B) will be sitting
2. I (be) at home if you need anything.
A) will be
B) will being
3. Don' t phone Jim from 5 to 6 – he (have) English.
A) will have
B) will be having
4. Why are you in a hurry? If you arrive at 8 o'clock, they (still cook) the meal.
A) will still cook
B) will still be cooking
5. He (come) at eight in the evening.
A) will come
B) will be coming
6. ... you (have lunch) with me on Friday?
A) Will you have lunch
B) Will you be having lunch
7. I'm not sure I'll recognize Eve. I haven't seen her for ages. – She (wear) a dark blue pullover and jeans.
A) will wear
B) will be wearing
Keys
1b; 2a; 3b; 4b; 5a; 6a; 7b.
FUTURE PERFECT / FUTURE SIMPLE
1. Julia (finish) all the housework by three o'clock and we'll go for a walk.
A) will finish
B) will have finished
2. I promise I (get) in touch with you if I need your help.
A) will get
B) will have got
3. We are going to buy a car. By the end of next month our family (save) money for it.
A) will save
B) will have saved
4. The workers say that they (build up) a district by the beginning of 2000.
A) will build up
B) will have built up
5. He probably never (be) patient.
A) will probably never be
B) will probably never have been
6. She (have lunch) by the time we arrive.
A) will have
B) will have had
7. If you think it over, you (see) that I'm right.
A) will see
B) will have seen
Keys
1b; 2a; 3b; 4b; 5a; 6b; 7a.
FUTURE SIMPLE / FUTURE PERFECT / FUTURE CONTINUOUS
1. He (sleep) when you come back tonight.
A) will sleep
B) will be sleeping
2. By the time I come they (go).
A) will go
B) will have gone
3. It is snowing heavily. Have you listened to the weather forecast for tomorrow? – I hope it (stop) snowing by tomorrow morning.
A) will stop
B) will be stopping
C) will have stopped
4. My sister (know) the result of her exam on economy in three days.
A) will know
B) will have known
C) will be knowing
5. Let's meet at the station at 5 o'clock. – O.K. I (wait) for you there.
A) will wait
B) will be waiting
C) will have waited
6. The work of the scientist (achieve) the proper acclaim.
A) will achieve
B) will have achieved
Keys
1b; 2b; 3c; 4a; 5b; 6a.
FUTURE ACTIONS IN WHEN/IF CLAUSES
1. I can give Bob the message if I (see) him.
A) will see
B) see
2. If I (hear) any news, I (phone) you.
A) will hear, will phone
B) will hear, phone
C) hear, will phone
3. If the weather (be) fine tomorrow, we are going to have a picnic.
A) is
B) will be
4. Hurry up! If you (catch) a taxi, you (meet) Mary at the station.
A) catch, will meet
B) will catch, meet
C) will catch, will meet
5. When I (arrive) in Manchester next week, I (phone) you.
A) will arrive, will phone
B) will arrive, phone
C) arrive, will phone
6. If he (not / be) busy tomorrow morning, he probably (give) you a lift.
A) isn't busy, will probably give
B) won't be, will probably give
C) won't be, probably gives
7. Call for an ambulance if he (feel) worse.
A) will feel
B) feels
C) feel
8. Mrs. Clay (go) shopping today if she (finish) her work earlier than usual.
A) goes, will finish
B) will go, will finish
C) will go, finishes
9. Watch the football match on TV at 11 p.m. if you (stay) at home tonight.
A) will stay
B) stay
C) would stay
10. I'm tired, but if you (make) me strong coffee, I (go on) working.
A) will make, go on
B) will make, will go on
C) make, will go on
11. If Dad (buy) a new car, we (go) to the sea-side by car next summer.
A) buy, will go
B) buys, will go
C) will buy, go
12. If they (want) your advice, they (get) in touch with you.
A) will want, will get
B) want, will get
C) want, get
13. We (have) time for tea if he (be) in time.
A) will have, will be
B) have, will be
C) will have, is
14. If you (be) late, I can walk your dog.
A) will be
B) are
15. If you (eat) less bread, you (lose) weight.
A) eat, will lose
B) will eat, will eat
C) will eat, lose
16. If Pete (go jogging), he (forget) about his health problems.
A) goes jogging, will forget
B) will go jogging, forgets
C) go jogging, will forget
17. Could you ask Bob to phone me if you (see) him tomorrow?
A) see
B) will see
18. If our group mates (work) hard, we (not / lose) the next game.
A) will work, won't lose
B) works, won't lose
C) work, won't lose
19. Your parents (worry), if you (be) late in the evening.
A) will worry, will be
B) are worry, will be
C) will worry, are
Keys
1b; 2b; 3a; 4a; 5c; 6a; 7b; 8c; 9b; 10c; 11b; 12b; 13c; 14b; 15a; 16a; 17a; 18c; 19c.
PAST SIMPLE / PAST CONTINUOUS / PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS / PAST PERFECT
1. I (talk) over the phone when they brought me the letter.
A) talked C) had been talking
B) had talked D) was talking
2. They (sit) in the room when the taxi arrived.
A) sat C) had been sitting
B) had sat D) were sitting
3. He quickly forgot everything he (learn) at school.
A) learnt C) had been learning
B) had learnt D) was learning
4. I visited Brazil in April, I (stay) at a nice hotel for a fortnight.
A) stayed C) had been staying
B) had stayed D) was staying
5. I (stay) at the hotel for a fortnight when I received your letter.
A) stayed C) had been staying
B) had stayed D) was staying
6. The musician (play) the piano for a whole hour when we came in.
A) played C) had been playing
B) had played D) was playing
7. Alice closed the magazine and rose from the sofa on which she (lie) for more than two hours.
A) lay C) had been lying
B) had lain D) was lying
8. A man (be) unconscious for a few minutes when an ambulance arrived.
A) was
B) had been
C) had being
9. We (walk) along a forest road for two hours when we saw a house.
A) walked C) had been walking
B) had walked D) were walking
10. I (talk) over the phone for a whole hour when the porter knocked at the door.
A) talked C) had been talking
B) had talked D) was talking
11. I hardly (finish) speaking with a porter when the phone rang again.
A) finished C) had been finishing
B) had hardly finished D) was finishing
12. First I (answer) the phone, and then I read your letter.
A) answered C) had been answering
B) had answered D) was answering
13. And I began writing to you instead of going to the seaside, as I (plan) before.
A) planned C) had been planning
B) had planned D) was planning
Keys
1d; 2d; 3b; 4d; 5c; 6c; 7c; 8b; 9c; 10c; 11b; 12a; 13b.
PAST CONTINUOUS / PAST SIMPLE
1. I saw a light in your window as I (pass) by.
A) passed
B) was passing
2. Yesterday as I was walking down Cherry Lane, I (meet) Thomas, an old friend of mine.
A) met
B) was meeting
3. Liz's elder brother said that he (go) to enter Leeds University.
A) went
B) was going
4. While my son (wait) for my call, somebody knocked at the door.
A) waited
B) was waiting
5. We (just / talk) about him when he suddenly (come) in.
A) just talked A) came in
B) were just talking B) was coming in
6. Yesterday while Dad (shave), he (cut) himself slightly.
A) shaved A) cut
B) was shaving B) was cutting
7. They (quarrel) while they (wash) their car.
A) quarrelled A) washed
B) were quarrelling B) were washing
Keys
1b; 2a; 3b; 4b; 5b,a; 6b,a; 7a,b.
PAST PERFECT / PAST SIMPLE
1. I (wake up) early and got out of bed.
A) woke up
B) had woken up
2. I got out of bed an hour later I (wake up).
A) woke up
B) had woken up
3. We were late. The meeting (start) an hour before.
A) started
B) had started
4. She was the most delightful person I (ever / meet).
A) ever met
B) had ever met
5. That morning she (dress), (phone) somebody, and went out.
A) dressed, phoned
B) had dressed, had phoned
6. That morning she went out after she (phone) somebody.
A) phoned
B) had phoned
7. He was tired because he (work) hard in the garden all day.
A) worked
B) had worked
8. The sun (set), it (get) dark, and we went home.
A) set, got
B) had set, got
9. The Hills were in a hurry, but they (take) a taxi and managed to arrive exactly on time.
A) took
B) had taken
10. The Hills managed to arrive exactly on time because they (take) a taxi.
A) took
B) had taken
11. He said he (break) the lamp post.
A) broke
B) had broken
12. We asked Peter to come with us, but he refused. He (already / promise) to play football with his friends.
A) already promised
B) had already promised
13. I saw a nice kitten when I (open) the basket.
A) opened
B) had opened
14. After I (write) all my letters, I went to the kitchen to make coffee.
A) wrote
B) had written
15. She (hardly / finish) speaking over the phone when the telephone rang again.
A) hardly finished
B) had hardly finished
Keys
1a; 2b; 3b; 4b; 5a; 6b; 7b; 8a; 9a; 10b; 11b; 12b; 13a; 14b; 15b.
PAST PERFECT / PRESENT PERFECT
1. Aunt Polly punished Tom Sawyer because he ... naughty.
A) has been
B) had been
2. Why are you looking so unhappy? – I ... my purse.
A) have lost
B) had lost
3. Sam was upset because Judy … .
A) hasn't come
B) hadn't come
4. Mother asked the children if they ... some biscuits for tea.
A) has bought
B) had bought
5. I ... some photos to be developed. Are they ready?
A) have left
B) had left
6. Tell Tommy about these wonderful islands. He ... about them.
A) has never heard
B) had never heard
7. I'm so happy to see you again. I ... you since I left Berks.
A) haven't seen
B) hadn't seen
8. She said she ... him since she left Berks.
A) hasn't seen
B) hadn't seen
Keys
1b; 2a; 3b; 4b; 5a; 6a; 7a; 8b.
MODAL VERBS
1. You will ... speak Spanish in another few months.
A) can C) be able to
B) have D) ought
2. I'd like ... skate.
A) to can C) have to
B) to be able to D) could
3. Nobody answers the phone. They ... be out.
A) should C) can
B) would D) must
4. I'm sorry, I ... have phoned to tell you I was coming.
A) should to C) had to
B) ought to D) could
5. To my mind, the government ... take care of old people.
A) ought C) must
B) need to D) may
6. I ... get up early on Mondays.
A) am able C) must
B) have to D) may
7. The policeman told the woman she ... worry.
A) needn't C) couldn't
B) needn't to D) mustn't
8. ... you mind passing me the salt?
A) will C) could
B) should D) would
9. As you ... remember, I was always interested in scientific experiments.
A) may C) must
B) have to D) ought to
10. Little children like books with large print. They ... read them more easily.
A) should C) can
B) must D) have to
11. ... I speak to Jane, please?
A) could C) must
B) shall D) ought
12. My dentist says I ... eat so many sweets.
A) needn't C) ought not
B) mustn't D) shouldn't
13. Why hasn't Mr Grill got in touch with us? – I don't quite know. It ... be that he has lost our phone number.
A) may C) must
B) ought to D) should
14. Liz seems to be avoiding you. – I can't tell you for certain. She ... have been hurt by my words about her boyfriend.
A) should C) might
B) must D) needn't
Keys
1c; 2b; 3d; 4b; 5c; 6b; 7a; 8a; 9a; 10c; 11a; 12d; 13a; 14c.
PASSIVE
1. The day before yesterday we (invite) to the restaurant by Tom Jenkins.
A) are invited
B) were invited
C) invite
2. Look! The bridge (repair).
A) is being repaired
B) is been repaired
C) has being repaired
3. The letter and the parcel (post) tomorrow.
A) will be post
B) will have been posted
C) will be posted
4. Margaret (know) to be a very industrious person.
A) has been known
B) is known
C) is been known
5. In Greece the Olympic Games (hold) once in four years.
A) were held
B) are being held
C) are held
6. The problem (study) for three years, but they haven't got any results.
A) has been studied
B) has being studied
C) was studied
7. Dad phoned us and asked if our luggage (already / pack).
A) was already being packed
B) had already been packed
C) was packed
8. The doctor said that Tommy's leg (X-rayed) the following day.
A) will be X-rayed
B) would be X-rayed
C) will have been X-rayed
9. A police car came when the injured man (carry off) the road.
A) was being carried off
B) was been carrying off
C) has been carried off
10. I (bear) in a small Russian town not far from Samara.
A) was borne
B) am born
C) was born
11. This book (republish) by the end of September.
A) would been republished
B) will have been republished
C) will been republished
12. What a pity, John won't come. He (tell) about the meeting beforehand.
A) should have been told
B) should be told
C) should been told
Keys
1b; 2a; 3c; 4b; 5a; 6a; 7b; 8b; 9a; 10c; 11b; 12a.
REPORTED SPEECH
1. John said, "I'm sorry to disturb you, Eliza".
A) John told that he was sorry to disturb Eliza.
B) John told Eliza he was sorry to disturb her.
C) John said to Eliza he had been sorry to disturb her.
2. He said, "Where is Jill going?"
A) He asked where was Jill going.
B) He asked where Jill is going.
C) He asked where Jill was going.
3. Sally said, "I would like to buy it".
A) Sally said that she would like to buy it.
B) Sally said she would have liked to buy it.
C) Sally said that she liked to buy it.
4. "If I had any instructions, I would know what to do", said Mag.
A) Mag said that if she had had any instructions she would have known what to do.
B) Mag said if she had any instructions she knew what to do.
C) Mag said that if she had any instructions she would know what to do.
5. Robby asked, "Bobby, do you know the Old Barn Hotel? It's on the Carl Road".
A) Robby asked Bobby if he knew the Old Barn Hotel that was on the Carl Road.
B) Robby asked Bobby did he know the Old Barn Hotel; it was on Carl Road.
C) Robby asked Bobby where the Old Barn Hotel was.
6. The doctor asked, "How do you feel?"
A) The doctor asked how did I feel.
B) The doctor asked how I felt.
C) The doctor asked how I had felt.
7. "Will you be free tomorrow?" Colin asked Richard.
A) Richard asked would Colin be free the next day.
B) Colin asked Richard if he would be free the following day.
C) Colin asked if Richard will be free tomorrow.
8. "Don't open the door or answer the phone", said her parents.
A) Her parents said to her not to open the door to answer the phone.
B) Her parents told her not to open the door and answer the phone.
C) Her parents told her neither to open the door nor to answer the phone.
9. "Why hasn't he locked the car door?" the policeman said.
A) The policeman asked why he hadn't locked the car door.
B) The policeman asked why hadn't he locked the car door.
C) The policeman asked why he didn't lock the car door.
10. The students said, "We wish our exams were over".
A) The students said they wished their exams had been over.
B) The students said that they wished their exams have been over.
C) The students said they wished their exams were over.
11. Tom said, "Jerry has been my best friend since our early childhood".
A) Tom told Jerry that he had been his best friend since their early childhood.
B) Tom said that Jerry has been my best friend since our early childhood.
C) Tom said that Jerry had been his best friend since their early childhood.
12. "Where is the nearest bus stop?" the old man addressed a policeman.
A) The old man asked where was the nearest bus stop.
B) The old man asked a policeman where the nearest bus stop was.
C) The old man told a policeman where the nearest bus stop was.
13. The teacher said to us, "Be quiet, please".
A) The teacher asked us be quiet.
B) The teacher told us to be quiet.
C) The teacher said to us to be quiet.
14. "Could you show me these jeans, please?" said the boy.
A) The boy said to show him those jeans.
B) The boy asked to show him those jeans.
C) The boy asked if the salesgirl could show him these jeans.
15. "If I were you, I'd stop smoking", Jeff said.
A) Jeff said that if he were him he would have stopped smoking.
B) Jeff said that if he had been him he would stop smoking.
C) Jeff advised him to stop smoking.
16. "Don't swim too far, dear", asked Dad.
A) Dad asked her not to swim too far.
B) Dad asked her don't swim too far.
C) Dad asked her if she wouldn't swim too far.
17. Shop assistant: Would you wait half an hour, please? – Customer: All right.
A) The shop assistant asked whether the customer would wait half an hour. The customer said that it was all right.
B) The shop assistant asked if the customer would wait half an hour. The customer agreed to wait.
C) The shop assistant asked whether the customer would wait half an hour. The customer said it would be all right.
18. Mrs. Smith said to Mr Smith, "Don't wear your best trousers in the garden".
A) Mrs. Smith told Mr Smith not to wear his best trousers in the garden.
B) Mrs. Smith said to Mr Smith that he didn't wear his best trousers in the garden.
C) Mrs. Smith told Mr Smith not to have worn his best trousers in the garden.
Keys
1b; 2c; 3a; 4c; 5a; 6b; 7b; 8c; 9a; 10c; 11c; 12b; 13b; 14b; 15c; 16a; 17b; 18a.
SEQUENCE OF TENSES
1. My parents decided that we (celebrate) my birthday on Saturday.
A) would celebrate
B) shall celebrate
C) celebrated
2. Mike hoped that his friend (help) him with his car.
A) would help
B) will help
C) helped
3. We didn't know the score, but we were sure their team (lose) the game.
A) has lost
B) had lost
C) lost
4. Yesterday Tom heard that his aunt (be ill) for five days.
A) was ill
B) has been ill
C) had been ill
5. The children were afraid of making any noise – Mom (sleep).
A) was sleeping
B) slept
C) had been sleeping
6. He gave all his money to me because he (trust) me.
A) would trust
B) trusted
C) had trusted
7. We were told that Andrew (go) to enter that college.
A) is going
B) went
C) was going
8. The police found out that Bob Slant (live) in London's suburbs at that time.
A) had been living
B) lives
C) lived
9. I knew that Mercury (be) the closest planet to the sun, but I didn't feel like answering the question.
A) was
B) is
C) had been
10. The pupil wasn't able to do the translation because he (not / know) some special terms.
A) hadn't known
B) didn't know
C) doesn't know
11. Ann hasn't been informed that the lecture (not / take place) on Friday.
A) hasn't taken place
B) wouldn't take place
C) won't take place
Keys
1a; 2a; 3b; 4c; 5a; 6b; 7c; 8c; 9b; 10b; 11b.
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
1. Plants die if you (not / water) them.
A) won't water
B) don't water
C) wouldn't water
2. If I had one million dollars, I (probably / buy) a yacht.
A) would probably buy
B) will probably buy
C) probably bought
3. How did it happen that you missed you stop? – I (not / miss) it if the conductor (announce) the stops.
A) wouldn't miss D) had announced
B) hadn't missed E) would have announced
C) wouldn't have missed F) announced
4. What a pity my husband is away! If he (be) here, he (help) us.
A) were D) will help
B) would be here E) would help
C) is F) helps
5. If I (get up) early tomorrow morning, I (go) jogging.
A) will get up D) go
B) get up E) am going to go
C) got up F) will go
6. You look tired. If I (be) you, I (take) a holiday.
A) be D) will take
B) were E) would take
C) have been F) take
7. If Benjamin Franklin (not / work) so hard, he (not / become) the symbol of America.
A) didn't work D) wouldn't have become
B) wouldn't have worked E) hadn't become
C) hadn't worked F) wouldn’t become
8. Did you say anything when he asked you? – No, I didn't. You see, if I (say) even a word, he (fly) into a rage.
A) said D) flew
B) would said E) would have flown
C) had said F) had flown
9. Would it be all right if I (come) round at about six?
A) come
B) came
C) will come
10. If you (not / be) at a loose end last month, you (pass) your exam. But you failed it.
A) hadn't been D) would have passed
B) wouldn't have been E) would pass
C) were not F) will pass
11. If the water (be heated) to 100° C, it (boil).
A) will be heated D) would boil
B) would be heated E) boils
C) is heated F) boil
12. If pigs (have) wings, they (fly).
A) had D) will fly
B) have E) fly
C) would have F) would fly
13. I (do) the same if I (be) in your shoes.
A) would do D) am
B) will do E) were
C) would have done F) will be
14. If I (see) her, I (speak) to her. But I didn't see her and speak to her.
A) saw D) would have spoken
B) had seen E) spoke
C) would have seen F) would speak
15. Hurry up! We (not / get) good seats if we (arrive) late.
A) don't get D) arrived
B) won't get E) will arrive
C) didn't get F) arrive
16. If I (know) that you were coming, I (meet) you at the airport. I had a lot of time to do that.
A) had known D) would meet
B) knew E) would have met
C) would have known F) will meet
17. If Columbus (not / have) such a passion for travelling, he (not / discover) America in 1492.
A) hadn't D) hadn't discover
B) wouldn't have had E) didn't discover
C) hadn't had F) wouldn't have discovered
18. Robby, look at that man! If he (work) harder at school, he (not / sweep) the streets now.
A) worked D) wouldn’t be sweeping
B) would have worked E) wouldn't have swept
C) had worked F) won't be sweeping
Keys
1a,a; 3c,d; 4a,e; 5b,f; 6b,e; 7c,d; 8c,e; 9b; 10a,d; 11c,e; 12a,f; 13a,e; 14b,d; 15b,f; 16a,e; 17c,f; 18c,d.
-ING/TO + INFINITIVE
1. Is there anything in that new magazine worth ...?
A) to read
B) reading
2. Although I was in a hurry, I stopped ... to him.
A) to talk
B) talking
3. I really must stop ... .
A) to smoke
B) smoking
4. Would you mind ... the front door?
A) to close
B) closing
5. You should remember ... him. He'll be at home.
A) to phone
B) phoning
6. All parts of London seem ... to different towns and epochs.
A) to belong
B) belonging
7. Do you enjoy ...?
A) to teach
B) teaching
8. Why have you stopped? Go on ... .
A) to read
B) reading
9. The teacher asked us some questions and went on ... us about the climate of England.
A) to tell
B) telling
10. When we had finished ..., the waiter brought the bill.
A) to eat
B) eating
11. My elder brother went to college, and I hope ... there too.
A) to go
B) going
12. My car needs a service badly, and Tom offered ... me with it.
A) to help
B) helping
13. Avoid ... and you'll feel better soon.
A) to overeat
B) overeating
14. I can't help ... about that awful accident.
A) to think
B) thinking
15. The Brains want ... Boston this week.
A) to leave for
B) leaving for
Keys
1b; 2a; 3b; 4b; 5a; 6a; 7b; 8b; 9b; 10b; 11a; 12a; 13b; 14b; 15a.
-ING/TO + INFINITIVE / INFINITIVE
Tom and Linda are planning their holidays.
Linda: I decided 1(spend) our holidays m France. I enjoy 2(travel) very much. We might manage 3(visit) a lot of interesting places there. Let's go by car.
Tom: Sorry, dear, but I dislike 4(tour) around in the car.
Linda: But you promised 5(go) anywhere with me.
Tom: I offered 6(go) by bus or by tram. And I didn't plan 7(go)abroad. We can't afford 8(spend) too much money. By the way, something is wrong with our car. It keeps 9(make) some noise.
Linda: Did they help you at the repair shop?
Tom: They agreed 10(repair) it as quickly as possible. I hope 11(get) it back soon.
Linda: Oh, I’m not sure they'll finish 12(do) it in time.
COMPLEX OBJECT
1. Teddy's words made me (feel) uncomfortable.
A) to feel
B) feeling
C) feel
2. Mrs. Pottson allowed her guests (smoke) in the living-room.
A) to smoke
B) smoking
C) smoke
3. Has the secretary come yet? I want to have my papers (type).
A) to type
B) type
C) typed
4. I watched my cat (play) with her kittens. I couldn't tear myself away from that funny sight.
A) played
B) playing
C) to play
5. Granny didn't want my Mom (marry) my Dad.
A) marry
B) to marry
C) married
6. Our English teacher told us (not / feel) shy and speak English as much as possible.
A) not to feel
B) not feel
C) felt
7. I have to get my photograph (take) for a new passport.
A) took
B) take
C) taken
8. There wasn't much traffic in the street. I saw a little girl (cross) the road.
A) crossed
B) cross
C) to cross
9. I have never heard Helen (sing).
A) sang
B) sings
C) singing
10. Mary would like her brother (avoid) Tom's company.
A) to avoid
B) avoid
C) avoided
11. We expected the Harrisons (arrive) later than usual.
A) to arrive
B) arrive
C) arrived
12. What makes you (do) such rash actions?
A) do
B) to do
C) doing
Keys
1c; 2a; 3c; 4b; 5b; 6a; 7c; 8b; 9c; 10a; 11a; 12a.
Приложение
Таблица времен
Active voice | |||||||
Present | Indefinite Infinitive usually I (we, you, they) speak. He (she, it) speaks. Do you (I, we, they) speak? Does he (she, it) speak? I (you, we, they) don't speak. He (she, it) doesn't speak. | Continuous am, is, are + P. 1 now I am speaking. He (she, it) is speaking. You (we, they) are speaking. Are you (we, they) speaking? I am not speaking. | Perfect have, has + P. 2 already, yet, ever, never, just, for, since, today, this month I (you, we, they) have spoken. Has he (she, it) spoken? I (you, we, they) have not spoken. | Perfect Continuous have, has been + P. 1 since, for How long? I (you, we, they) have been speaking. Have you (I, we, they) been speaking? He (she, it) hasn't been speaking. | |||
Past | -ed, 2 форма When? Yesterday, ago, last I spoke. Did you speak? I didn't speak. | was, were + P. 1 at 2 o'clock yesterday I (he, she, it) was speaking. Were you (we, they) speaking? I (he, she, it) wasn't speaking. | had + P. 2 by 2 o'clock yesterday I had spoken. Had you spoken? I hadn't spoken. | had been + P. 1 for 2 hours yesterday I had been speaking. Had you been speaking? I hadn't been speaking. | |||
Future | will + Infinitive tomorrow, next day I (we) will speak. You will speak. Will you speak? I will not (won't) speak. | will be + P. 1 at 2 o'clock tomorrow I will be speaking. Will you be speaking? I won't be speaking.
| will + have + P. 2 by 2 o'clock tomorrow I will have spoken. Will he have spoken? He won't have spoken. | will + have been + P. 1 for 2 hours tomorrow I will have been speaking. Will he have been speaking. He won't have been speaking. | |||
Future- in-the- Past | I (we, you, they, he, she, it) would speak. Would you speak? I wouldn't speak. | I (we, you, they, he, she, it) would be speaking. Would you be speaking? I wouldn't be speaking. | I (we, you, they, he, she, it) would have spoken. Would he have spoken? I wouldn't have spoken. | I (we, you, they, he, she, it) would have been speaking. Would he have been speaking? I wouldn't have been speaking. | |||
Passive voice(to be + P. 2 [3 форма]) | |||||||
Present | I am asked. Are you (we, they) asked? He (she, it) isn't asked. | I am being asked. Are you (we, they) being asked? He (she, it) isn't being asked. | I (we, you, they) have been asked. Has he (she, it) been asked? I (we, you, they) haven't been asked. | ||||
Past | I (he, she, it) was asked. Was he (she, it) asked? We (you, they) weren't asked. | I (he, she, it) was being asked. Were you (we, they) being asked? He (she, it) wasn't being asked. | I (we, you, they, he, she, it) had been asked. Had you been asked? He hadn't been asked. | ||||
Future | I (we, you, they, he, she, it) will be asked. Will you be asked? We won't be asked. |
| You will have been asked. Will he have been asked? I won't have been asked. | ||||
Future-in-the-Past | I (we, you, they, he, she, it) would be asked. Would you be asked? I wouldn't be asked. |
| I would have been asked. Would you have been asked? He wouldn't have been asked. | ||||
Таблица неправильных глаголов английского языка
AE – American English, BE – British English
Infinitive (первая форма глагола) | Past (вторая форма глагола) | Past Participle (третья форма глагола) | Перевод на русский (translation into Russian) |
abide | abided | abided | regular verb переносить тяготы |
abide | abided, abode | abided, abode | also irregular только в значении "находиться где-л." |
alight | alighted, alit | alighted, alit | выходить из экипажа; спешиваться; садиться на землю или ветви (о птицах), приземляться; archaic находить, обнаруживать случайно |
arise | arose | arisen | появляться, подниматься, возникать |
awake | awakened, awoke, awaked | awakened, awoken, awaked | formal будить; просыпаться |
awaken | awakened | awakened | regular verb formal пробуждать(ся) |
backbite | backbit | backbitten | клеветать, злословить |
backslide | backslid | backslidden, backslid | отказываться от убеждений; возвращаться к порокам |
be (is, are, am) | was, were | been | быть |
bear | bore | borne passive: born | нести; formal рожать |
beat | beat | beaten, beat | бить |
become | became | become | становиться кем-л. / чем-л. |
befall | befell | befallen | archaic, 3rd person only случаться, происходить |
beget | begot; archaic begat | begotten | dated / formal порождать, быть причиной; archaic быть отцом |
begin | began | begun | начинать(ся) |
begird | begirt | begirt | окружать, опоясывать |
behold | beheld | beheld | archaic смотреть, взирать |
bend | bent | bent | гнуть(ся), изгибать |
bereave | bereaved, bereft | bereaved, bereft | passive formal терять близких |
beseech | besought, beseeched | besought, beseeched | formal умолять, упрашивать |
beset | beset | beset | formal passive докучать, окружать, осаждать |
bespit | bespat | bespat | dated оплевывать, осквернять |
bestrew | bestrewed | bestrewn, bestrewed | покрывать слоем (опавших листьев и т. п.); лежать вразброс dated раскидывать, образуя слой чего-л. |
bestride | bestrode | bestridden | садиться / сидеть верхом; стоять расставив ноги; простираться |
bet | bet, betted | bet, betted | держать пари; быть уверенным в чем-л. |
bid | bid | bid | предлагать цену, условия, делать ставки |
bid | bade, bid | bidden | прощаться; archaic повелевать; высказывать слова прощания, приветствия и т. п. |
bind | bound | bound | привязывать, связывать, обвязывать, сплетать, скреплять |
bite | bit | bitten, bit | кусать, жалить; разъедать, обжигать |
bleed | bled | bled | кровоточить, пускать кровь |
bless | blessed, blest | blessed, blest | благословлять |
blow | blew | blown (иногда blowed, в разговорной речи и в некоторых идиомах) | дуть, выдыхать, разрушать взрывом |
break | broke | broken | ломать |
breed | bred | bred | разводить животных, плодиться, выводить, возникать |
bring | brought | brought | приносить; приводить в какое-л. состояние |
broadcast | broadcast, broadcasted | broadcast, broadcasted | транслировать в эфире; разбрасывать |
browbeat | browbeat | browbeaten, browbeat | запугивать, стращать |
build | built | built | строить, создавать |
burn | burnt, burned | burnt, burned | гореть, сжигать, сгорать, обжигать |
burst | burst | burst | взрываться |
bust | busted, bust | busted, bust | ломать(ся); делать облаву; понижать в должности |
buy | bought | bought | покупать |
can | could | эквивалент для однократных действий: been able | мочь, уметь |
cast | cast | cast | кидать; отливать из металла |
catch | caught | caught | ловить |
chide | chided, chid | chid; chided; chidden | бранить, ругать |
choose | chose | chosen | выбирать |
clap | clapped, clapt | clapped, clapt | хлопать (ладонью, ладонями, крыльями), аплодировать |
cleave | cleaved, clove, cleft | cleaved, cloven, cleft | dated formal раскалывать; прокладывать путь; пробиваться |
cling | clung | clung | цепляться, держаться, удерживаться |
clothe | clothed, clad | clothed, clad | formal одевать, облекать; наделять; формулировать |
come | came | come | приходить, прибывать, делаться |
cost | cost | cost | стоить, иметь цену |
creep | crept | crept | ползти, ползать; стлаться, виться (о растениях) |
crow | crowed, crew | crowed | кукарекать; хвастаться, вскрикивать от радости |
cut | cut | cut | резать |
dare | dared, durst | dared, durst | сметь, отваживаться |
deal | dealt | dealt | раздавать (карты, предметы); иметь дела; разрешать трудности |
dig | dug | dug | копать, рыть |
dight [dit] | dighted, dight | dighted, dight | снаряжать, экипировать(ся), подготавливать(ся); archaic одевать(ся), украшать(ся); сев.англ., шотл. вытирать |
dive | dived, AE also dove (в значении "прыгать в воду") | dived | нырять, погружаться с аквалангом, окунаться, плыть под водой |
do | did | done | делать |
draw | drew | drawn | тянуть; рисовать |
dream | dreamed, dreamt [dremt] | dreamed, dreamt [dremt] | видеть сон; мечтать |
drink | drank | drunk | пить |
drive | drove | driven | вести автомобиль, приводить в движение |
dwell | dwelled, dwelt | dwelled, dwelt | formal обитать |
eat | ate | eaten | есть пищу, кушать |
enwind | enwound | enwound | обвивать, виться, обертывать |
fall | fell | fallen | падать |
feed | fed | fed | кормить, питать |
feel | felt | felt | осязать, ощущать, чувствовать |
fight | fought | fought | бороться, сражаться |
find | found | found | находить; иметь мнение |
fit | BE fitted, fit AE fit (в значении "подходить по размеру"), fitted (в значении "подгонять по размеру") | BE fitted, fit AE fit (в значении "подходить по размеру"), fitted (в значении "подгонять по размеру") | подгонять по размеру; соответствовать по размеру |
flee | fled | fled | спасаться бегством, исчезать, пропадать |
fling | flung | flung | бросать, швырять; делать резкие движения |
fly | flew | flown | летать, лететь |
forbid | forbade, forbad | forbidden | запрещать, препятствовать |
forecast | forecast, forecasted | forecast, forecasted | предсказывать, прогнозировать |
forget | forgot | forgotten, forgot | забывать |
forgive | forgave | forgiven | прощать |
forsake | forsook | forsaken | formal покидать, бросать, отказываться |
forswear | forswore | forsworn | formal отрекаться; лжесвидетельствовать |
fraught | fraught | fraught | нагружать, обременять (обычно в форме pp) |
freeze | froze | frozen | замораживать, замерзать |
get | got | AE gotten, got, (однако AE got в выражениях вроде "I have got smth" в значениях "имею" и "надо") | получать, иметь, становиться |
gild | gilded, gilt | gilded, gilt | золотить, украшать, скрашивать |
gird | girded, girt | girded, girt | собираться с силами, готовиться к испытаниям (~ up); награждать; dated перепоясываться мечом |
give | gave | given | давать |
go | went | gone | идти, двигаться |
grave | graved | graved, graven | dated гравировать (=engrave); копать; хоронить |
grind | ground | ground | молоть; обтачивать, шлифовать; зубрить; угнетать |
grow | grew | grown | расти, выращивать |
hagride | hagrode | hagridden | запугивать, страшить, морально мучить |
hang | hung | hung | висеть, вешать, подвешивать (кроме значения "казнить") |
hang | hanged, hung | hanged, hung | regular verb в значении "казнить через повешение" |
have | had | had | иметь |
hear | heard | heard | слышать |
heave | heaved, hove | heaved, hove | вытягивать(ся) вверх; вздыматься; irregular лишь в некоторых идиомах и в фразовых глаголах |
hew | hewed | hewn, hewed | рубить, срубать, тесать |
hide | hid | hidden | прятать(ся) |
hit | hit | hit | ударять(ся); попадать в цель |
hold | held | held | держать, удерживать |
hurt | hurt | hurt | ранить, причинять боль, болеть |
input | input, inputted | input, inputted | вводить данные |
inset | inset | inset | вставлять, вкладывать, помещать |
keep | kept | kept | хранить, поддерживать, сохранять |
kneel | knelt, kneeled | knelt, kneeled | становиться на колени |
knit | knitted, knit | knitted, knit | вязать на спицах; соединять(ся) |
know | knew | known | знать |
lade | laded | laden, laded | нагружать, обременять; вычерпывать |
landslide | landslid | landslid | оползать, обваливаться; победить на выборах с большими перевесом |
lay | laid | laid | transitive класть; покрывать; откладывать |
lead | led | led | вести (за собой), возглавлять, руководить |
lean | leaned, leant [lent] | leaned, leant [lent] | наклоняться, высовываться, опираться, прислоняться |
leap | leaped, leapt | leaped, leapt | прыгать (как лягушка) |
learn | learned, learnt | learned, learnt | учиться, обучаться |
leave | left | left | уезжать, уходить, покидать, оставлять, оставаться |
lend | lent | lent | давать в долг, в пользование |
let | let | let | разрешать |
lie | lay | lain | intransitive лежать, ложиться, укладываться; простираться, располагаться (ing: lying) |
light | lit, lighted | lit, lighted | освещать, загораться...; ~ on formal находить, обнаруживать случайно; сваливаться, обрушиваться; ~ off сходить вниз, опускаться |
lose | lost | lost | терять |
make | made | made | изготовлять; заставлять |
may | might | – | быть возможным; иметь разрешение |
mean | meant | meant | подразумевать, иметь в виду |
meet | met | met | встретить |
mow | mowed | mowed, mown | косить, подстригать (траву), жать |
overcome | overcame | overcome | преодолевать, побороть |
pay | paid | paid | платить |
plead | pleaded, pled | pleaded, pled | обращаться к суду |
proofread | proofread [prufred] | proofread [prufred] | искать ошибки в тексте, вычитывать корректуру |
prove | proved | proven, proved | доказывать; оказаться |
put | put | put | класть |
quit | quit, quitted | quit, quitted | покидать; оставлять |
read | read [red] | read [red] | читать |
reave | reaved, reft | reaved, reft | archaic грабить, похищать (~ away), лишать; отрывать |
reeve | reeved, rove | reeved, rove | пропускать веревку через отверстие / блок / снасть, проходить через (о веревке), закреплять веревкой |
refit | refitted, refit | refitted, refit | заменять поврежденные детали, оснащать заново (например, корабль); капитально ремонтировать обновлять оборудование (напр. на предприятии) |
rend | rent | rent | archaic, formal отрывать, раскалывать |
resent regular verb | resented | resented | regular verb негодовать, возмущаться, обижаться |
retrofit | retrofitted, retrofit | retrofitted, retrofit | модифицировать (станок, здание, устройство) |
rewet | rewet, BE rewetted | rewet, BE rewetted | смачивать повторно |
rid | rid | rid | избавлять(ся) от чего-л. ненужного (~ of) |
rive | rived | riven, rived | расщеплять |
run | ran | run | бежать, двигаться |
saw | sawed | sawed, sawn | пилить, распиливать |
say | said | said | говорить (не обязательно конкретному лицу) |
see | saw | seen | видеть |
seek | sought | sought | искать |
sell | sold | sold | продавать |
send | sent | sent | посылать |
set | set | set | устанавливать; задавать |
sew | sewed | sewn, sewed | шить, пришивать, сшивать |
shake | shook | shaken | трясти, встряхивать |
shave | shaved | shaved, shaven | брить(ся) |
shear | sheared | sheared, shorn | стричь, срезать |
shed | shed | shed | терять; сбрасывать листву, мех; избавляться; излучать |
shine | shined, shone | shined, shone | светить, сверкать (regular verb в устной речи) |
shoe | shoed, shod | shoed, shod | обувать, подковывать |
shoot | shot | shot | стрелять; давать побеги |
show | showed | shown, showed | показывать |
shrink | shrank, shrunk | shrunk | сокращаться; сжиматься; отпрядывать; усыхать |
shrive | shrived, shrove | shriven | исповедовать(ся) |
shut | shut | shut | закрывать(ся), запираться; складываться |
sing | sang | sung | петь |
sink | sank, sunk | sunk | опускаться; погружаться; тонуть |
sit | sat | sat | сидеть |
slay | slew, slayed | slain, slayed | убивать (formal) |
slay | slayed | slayed | веселить (informal) regular verb |
sleep | slept | slept | спать |
slide | slid | slid | скользить |
sling | slung | slung | швырять, метать; подвешивать через плечо |
slink | slinked, slunk | slinked, slunk | идти крадучись; идти грациозно; рожать преждевременно (о животных) |
slit | slit | slit | разрезать вдоль, делать длинный разрез |
smell | smelled, smelt | smelled, smelt | пахнуть; нюхать |
smite | smote | smitten, smote | ударять; карать; разбивать |
sneak | sneaked, snuck | sneaked, snuck | красться, подкрадываться; делать что-л. тайно, украдкой |
sow | sowed | sowed, sown | сеять, засеивать |
speak | spoke | spoken | говорить, произносить слова |
speed | sped, speeded | sped, speeded | двигаться быстро, спешить; ускорять |
spell | spelled, spelt | spelled, spelt | писать / читать по буквам |
spend | spent | spent | тратить |
spill | spilled, spilt | spilled, spilt | проливать, расплескивать; рассыпать; проболтаться |
spin | spun, archaic span | spun | прясть |
spit | BE spat, AE spit | BE spat, AE spit | плевать, брызгать |
split | split | split | расщеплять, разделять |
spoil | spoiled, spoilt | spoiled, spoilt | портить; баловать |
spread | spread | spread | распространять(ся); намазывать; простираться |
spring | sprang, sprung | sprung | вскакивать; прыгать, бросаться; давать побеги |
stand | stood | stood | стоять |
stave | staved, stove | staved; stove | проламывать; разбивать; ~ off отводить угрозу на время |
steal | stole | stolen | красть |
stick | stuck | stuck | укалывать, прикалывать; приклеивать; застревать |
sting | stung | stung | жалить; побуждать; informal обманывать |
stink | stank, stunk | stunk | иметь неприятный запах |
strew | strewed | strewn, strewed | усеивать, раскидывать |
stride | strode | stridden | шагать большими шагами, перешагивать |
strike | struck | struck, stricken | ударять; бить; бастовать, в значении "удалять" pp stricken |
string | strung | strung | нанизывать; натягивать |
strip | stripped, stript | stripped, stript | обдирать, снимать верхний слой; раздевать, срывать одежду; отбирать, грабить; техн. срывать резьбу |
strive | strove, strived | striven, strived | стараться; бороться; прилагать усилия; спорить |
sublet | sublet | sublet | передавать в субаренду |
sunburn | sunburned, sunburnt | sunburned, sunburnt | обгорать на солнце |
swear | swore | sworn | ругаться; клясться; присягать |
sweat | sweat, sweated | sweat, sweated | потеть; запотевать; трудиться на тяжёлой или скучной работе |
sweep | swept | swept | мести, сметать |
swell | swelled | swollen, swelled | разбухать, увеличиваться, вздуваться, возвышаться |
swim | swam | swum | плыть |
swing | swung | swung | качаться |
take | took | taken | брать |
teach | taught | taught | обучать, преподавать |
tear | tore | torn | рвать |
tell | told | told | рассказывать, говорить, сообщать, информировать |
think | thought | thought | думать; иметь мнение, полагать |
thrive | thrived, throve | thrived, thriven | процветать, благоденствовать; пышно расти |
throw | threw | thrown | бросать, кидать |
thrust | thrust | thrust | пронзать; пропихивать, совать; навязывать |
tread | trod | trodden, trod | ступать, топтать, давить |
troubleshoot | troubleshot | troubleshot | диагностировать (технич.); искать неисправности |
unclothe | unclothed, unclad | unclothed, unclad | обнажать(ся), раскрывать(ся) |
undergo | underwent | undergone | подвергаться испытаниям, переносить трудности |
vex | vexed, vext | vexed, vext | досаждать, надоедать, дразнить |
wake | woke, waked | woken, waked | ~ up просыпаться, будить |
wear | wore | worn | носить одежду; изнашивать |
weave | wove, weaved | woven, weaved | ткать |
wed | wed, wedded | wed, wedded | выдавать / выходить замуж, женить(ся) |
weep | wept | wept | плакать, рыдать |
wet | wet, wetted | wet, wetted | мочить,смачивать, увлажнять, промокать |
win | won | won | выигрывать, побеждать |
wind | wound | wound | наматывать, накручивать, обматывать; заводить механизм |
wring | wrung | wrung | выкручивать, выламывать, сдавливать, выжимать |
write | wrote | written | писать |
Литература
1. Кузьмин, А. В. Тесты по английскому языку: грамматика, лексика, аудирование / А. В. Кузьмин, С. В. Агеев. – Спб. : КАРО, 2008. – 288 с.
2. Цветкова, И. К. Упражнения по грамматике английского языка с ответами: учеб. пособие / И. К. Цветкова. – М. : Иностранный язык, 2000. – 224 с.
3. Bourke, K. Test it Fix it. Grammar. Intermediate / K. Bourke. – Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2006. – 87 p.
4. Vince, M. First certificate language practice with key. English grammar and vocabulary / M. Vince. – Oxford : Macmillan Publishers Limited, 2003. – 342 p.
5. Swan, M. How English works / M. Swan, C. Walter. – Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2000. – 358 p.
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