B) Choose the correct option a-c to complete the sentences.
1. I ..........hard, so I felt very tired.
a) had worked b) have worked c) had been working
2. I........ my money into real estate.
a) invested b) have invested c) invest
3. We already........the goods when your telegram arrived.
a) have shipped b) had shipped c) shipped
4. The invoice ........ by the end of the week so we sent them a strong reminder.
a) had arrived b) hasn't arrived c) hadn't arrived
5. I ..........nothing in the Internet this month.
a) have bought b) didn't buy c) haven't bought
6. This strategy seems to be good. Sales of our products......... for
some time.
a) have increased b) have been increasing c) had been increasing
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VI. а) КОПР № 1
B) Complete each sentence with a verb in the correct form, - ing or to...
1. Did the company promise........you a permanent contract?
a) to give b) giving
2. She joined the project mainly because she was interested in .........money.
a) to make b) making
3. Julia is interested in........ her own business.
a) starting b) to start
4. After hours of negotiating, we managed........an agreement.
a) to reach b) reaching
5. They came ........a new car.
a) purchasing b) to purchase
6. She intended .......the bill.
a) to pay b) paying
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
VII. a) КОПР № 6
B) Rewrite the sentences in the passive.
1. Kerrie has paid the bill.
The bill ......... by Kerrie.
a) was paid b) has been paid
2. Our boss will sign the contract.
The contract .........by our boss.
a) will sign b) will be signed
3. The director and the accountant usually sign financial documents.
Financial documents ........by the director and the accountant.
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a) are usually signed b) usually sign
4. They sell the gold on international markets.
The gold........on international markets.
a) is sold b) sells
5. Henry Ford invented the assembly line.
The assembly line.......by Henry Ford.
a) is invented b) was invented
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
VIII. Underline the correct words.
1. Usually, if we make / will make money, we reinvest it in the business.
2. Things are going well, and if we make / will make money this year, we will
reinvest it in the business.
3. It's unlikely, but if we made / will make any money this year, we would
reinvest it in the business.
IX. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
1. Though many economic laws, formulas, theories and concepts often
seem far removed from everyday life, economic policies affect the life of
society, families and individuals. Welfare economics considers issues of
equity or fairness.
2. Economists examine how income and wealth are distributed among the
population. And equity is realized through taxation.
3. According to those economists who share the concept of
welfare economics, any economic system is unfair.
X. A. Read this text
Inflation – Causes and Effects
Older people often talk about how cheap things were when they were young. A brand new car may have cost only $5,000 compared to $20,000 today, or petrol that cost only a few cents in the 60s costs over a dollar today. Inflation happens when money loses some of its value. We measure the rise of inflation in percent. For example, 2% inflation means that a $1 bottle of milk will cost $1.02 next year.
Inflation has many causes. In times when the economy is good and people have enough money to buy more products than factories can produce, the prices go up. Inflation can also happen when workers demand more money or when the raw materials that producers need rise in price. The end product becomes more expensive and has to be sold at a higher price.
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Some economists say that central banks do not do enough to control how much money there is in a country. There may be more money around than there are goods. Consumers want to buy more products, the demand gets higher and prices go up. Sometimes low interest rates on loans make people borrow money to buy houses or cars. These prices go up as well. Inflation is not produced by one country alone. Sometimes a country cannot control the prices of certain goods as it would like to. A country that does not have any energy supplies of its own has to import energy. It has to pay a high price for oil and gas.
Inflation is a sign that the economy is growing. It is normal when prices go up only a few percent every year. High inflation, on the other hand, leads to uncertainty in the population. Industries may not want to borrow money and invest when inflation is high. People don’t want to buy goods any more. Factories may get stuck with products they cannot sell and as a result workers get unemployed. It is very difficult to fight inflation. Governments have an effect on inflation when they raise or lower taxes. They can also try to control wages and prices as far as possible.
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