Пример билетов для проведения итоговой аттестации освоения компетенций
| Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования | |
| РОССИЙСКАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ НАРОДНОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА и ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ СЛУЖБЫ при ПРЕЗИДЕНТЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ ЮЖНО-РОССИЙСКИЙ ИНСТИТУТ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ Программы: «Теория и история государства и права, история правовых учений», «Предпринимательское право, коммерческое право», «Конституционное право, муниципальное право», «Уголовный процесс, криминалистика и судебная экспертиза, теория оперативно-розыскной деятельности», «Судебная власть, прокурорский надзор, организация правоохранительной деятельности, адвокатура, нотариат», «Уголовное право, криминология, уголовно-исполнительное право», «Гражданское право, семейное право, международное частное право». «Административное право, финансовое право». | |
| Основы межкультурного профессионального общения (английский язык) | |
ЭКЗАМЕНАЦИОННЫЙ БИЛЕТ № 1
1. Read, translate the text and answer the questions to it.
2. Speak on the topic.
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Пример текста для чтения, перевода и обсуждения на экзамене:
The international terrorist threat to the UK
International terrorism refers to terrorism that goes beyond national boundaries in terms of the methods used, the people that are targeted or the places from which the terrorists operate.
Since the emergence of Al Qaida in the 1990s, international terrorism has become largely synonymous with Islamist terrorism. Terrorist groups in Syria and Iraq, including Al Qaida and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), possess both the intention and the capability to direct attacks against the West. The UK is a high-priority target for Islamist extremists and they pose a significant threat to this country and to its interests and citizens abroad. Despite the current main focus on terrorism originating from Syria and Iraq, the threat of terrorism also emanates from other parts of the Middle East and regions such as North, East and West Africa, South and South East Asia. The majority of terrorist attack plots in this country have been planned by British residents. There are several thousand individuals in the UK who support violent extremism or are engaged in Islamist extremist activity. British nationals who have fought for extremist groups overseas continue to return to the UK, increasing the risk of terrorist attacks. Using skills acquired overseas, they may organize attacks under direction from outside the UK, or on their own initiative, or they might radicalize others to do so. While the majority of returners will not mount attacks in the UK, the large numbers involved mean it is likely that at least some of them will attempt to do so.
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Groups like ISIL make full use of social media and modern communication methods to glamorise their horrific acts and inspire others to commit them. Once inspired, an individual might decide to conduct an attack in the name of Islam without any prior signs of radicalization. Simple, self-organized attacks by UK-based Islamist extremists have increased and are inherently harder to detect than more complex and ambitious plots.
Support for Islamist extremism
Not all extremist activity is direct attack planning. UK-based Islamist extremists are supporting terrorism by:
- Radicalising individuals to believe in the legitimacy of joining a terrorist network or carrying out a terrorist attack;
- Fundraising for terrorist networks, often through criminal activity such as diverting money donated to legitimate charities;
- Helping radicalised individuals to travel abroad to join a terrorist group and potentially receive training. Some of these individuals may receive direction to plan an attack back in the UK.
The threat is constantly developing, presenting major challenges for the UK's intelligence agencies and the police.
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MI5's response to the threat
MI5 has undergone major changes in response to the development of the terrorist threat. The resources of all three of the UK's intelligence agencies have been significantly increased since 2001 and the number of staff has doubled over the last decade. This allows to do much more work on a range of issues. Extra resources have been shifted into investigating international terrorism. Around 81% of MI5's resources are now used to support anti-terrorist work. They have greatly improved their ability to work at both national and regional level by setting up a network of stations around the country. In addition, the UK security and law enforcement agencies, including all of the various regional police forces, maintain a close working relationship. This has enabled to prevent a significant majority of major terrorist plots and regularly disrupt ongoing terrorist activity.
The following cases provide an illustration of the nature of the current threat to the UK from Islamist extremists.
In March 2004, the 'fertiliser bomb' plot was disrupted. The leader of the group, Omar Khyam, had planned to attack targets such as the Bluewater shopping centre in Kent or the Ministry of Sound nightclub in London with homemade explosives. Khyam had strong links with Al Qaida. Dhiren Barot, another Al Qaida-linked terrorist, was the ringleader of a separate cell disrupted in August 2004. His group planned to detonate "dirty bombs" containing radioactive material, which they were never actually in a position to obtain.
In December 2010, nine men from London, Cardiff and Stoke were arrested for planning attacks against targets including the London Stock Exchange. In September the following year eleven men from Birmingham were arrested for plotting to conduct a bombing campaign using explosives in rucksacks and attached to timing devices.
International terrorism is a nationwide problem in the UK. Attacks have occurred in London and Glasgow, and thwarted terrorist plots have been aimed at targets outside the capital.
Answer these questions to the text
1)How can international terrorism be defined?
2)Which countries do the threats of terrorism come from ?
3)Where has the majority of terrorist plots been made?
4) How is extremism supported in the UK?
5)How has MI5 changed in response to the development of the terrorist threat?
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