Самостійна робота №7
1. Read and translate the text:
At the Doctor's
For a week I felt pain in the stomach and I decided to consult a doctor. Here is the conversation between me and the doctor.
Volkov: Good morning.
Doctor: Good morning. What is your name?
V.: My name is Volkov.
D.: What's the matter with you?
V.: I have a stomachache for a week and I want to find out
what's wrong with me.
D.: Show me the place where it hurts you.
V.: Here, doctor.
D.: Does this pain go to another place?
V.: It goes to my back sometimes.
D.: Does it bother you at night?
V.: Most of the time.
D.: We’ll take X-rays of your stomach and make some more
tests: blood test, urine test. I’ll tell you the diagnosis after I
have all your tests.
2. Post-reading reading activities
Exercises
2.1 Fill in:
1. What is the... with you? 2. I want to find out what's... with me. 3.... me the place where it hurts you. 4. This pain... me at night. 5. Take... of your stomach.
(X-rays, show, bothers, matter, wrong)
2.2 Give the English equivalents:
Що з вами? турбувати; аналіз; аналіз крові; сеча; аналіз сечі; діагноз.
Lesson 11
First Aid
1. Pre-reading activities
1.1 Read and memorize the words:
first aid - перша допомога;
to save - рятувати;
injured - потерпілий;
accident - нещасний випадок;
calm - спокійний;
act - діяти;
2. Reading activities
2.1 Read and translate the texts:
First Aid
Everybody must know how to give the first aid. The first aid saves many lives. The first aid is the help which you give to an injured person. You must know different methods of helping in accidents. When you give the first aid you must be calm and act without panic.
Exercises
Exercise 1 Say it in English:
перша допомога; надати першу допомогу; рятувати життя; бути спокійним; діяти спокійно.
Exercise 2 Answer the questions to the text:
1. What saves many lives? 2. What is the first aid? 3. What must you know? 4. How must you act?
BRUISE
When you fall on your knee you get a bruise on it. The bruised place looks red and swollen at first. If there is scratch on your knee put iodine on it. If your knee hurts you very much, take some cloth, wet it in cold water and put in c the bruise. It will relieve the pain. If the fall or the blow was very heavy, you must consult doctor.
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bruise - забій, синець; bruised place - забите місце;
swollen - припухлий; relieve the pain -полегшити біль;
BLEEDING
When the blood flows from an artery it is scarlet. When the blood flows from a vein it is dark red.
Stop the bleeding as soon as possible. The simple method is to put clean cloth or a pad of sterile gauze over the wound and fasten it tightly.
If the bleeding is from an arm or leg raise the limb. If a person has nosebleed after a heavy blow you must put a cold compress on the nose. The person must breathe through his mouth. In severe cases doctors make blood transfusion.
scarlet - яскраво червоний; wound - рана;
bleeding - кровотеча; fasten - перев'язати
pad - м'яка прокладка; gauze - марля;
blood transfusion - переливання крові;
Exercises
1. Answer the questions:
1. What colour is the blood when it flows from an artery?
2. What colour is the blood when it flows from a vein? 3. How must we fasten the wound? 4. What must you do if the bleeding is from an arm, a leg, or a nose?
2. Give the English equivalents:
кров тече з артерії; зупинити кровотечу; накласти чисту тканину; туго перев'язати; носова кровотеча; накласти компрес на...; у важких випадках; переливання крові.
Fractures
The word "fracture" means a break in a bone. There are two kinds of fractures: closed and open. In a closed fracture there is no wound on the skin. In an open fracture there is a wound. Open fractures are more serious than closed ones. If a person breaks his arm or leg he complains of pain in the place of the break. The pain becomes more severe if he presses the place or tries to move.
Swelling appears quickly. Do not let the person move. Use a splint for the broken limb. Bind the splints to the limb but not at the place of the fracture. Doctors use X-rays to see the break and put plaster casts on the broken limbs.
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fracture - перелом; swelling - пухлина;
complain - скаржитися; splint - шина;
plaster casts - гіпсова пов'язка;
X-rays - рентгенівські промені.
Exercises
1. Say it in English:
відкритий перелом; закритий перелом; місце перелому; біль посилюється; намагатися рухатися; з'являється набряк; не дозволяйте рухатися; зробити рентген; накласти гіпс.
2. Make up sentences using the words-combinations:
It is good to use X-ray to see the break
It is difficult to use a splint for the broken limb
It is important to see the open fracture without X-rays
It is harmful to bind the splints at the place of the fracture
It is wrong to give the first aid immediately
It is correct to move when you have a fracture
1.Read and translate the text:
Burns
Burns are injuries resulting from exposure to heat, chemicals, electricity, or radiation. The severity of a burn depends on the temperature of the object or gas causing the burn, how long the skin was exposed to the source, the location and extent of the burn, and the victim's age and medical condition. Burns are classified according to their source, such as heat or chemicals, and their depth. The deeper the burn, the more severe it is. Generally, there are three depth classifications: first degree; second degree; and third degree.
First-degree burns involve only the top layer of skin. The skin is red and dry, and the burn is usually painful. The area may swell. Most sunburns are first-degree burns. First-degree burns usually heal in 5 to 6 days.
Second-degree burns are deeper than first-degree burns. The burned skin will look red and have blisters. Second-degree burns are usually painful, and the area often swells. The burn usually heals in three or four weeks. Scarring may occur.
Third-degree burns extend through the skin and into the structures below the skin. Third-degree burns can be very painful or may be relatively painless if the burn destroyed the nerve endings in the skin. The scarring that occurs may be severe. Third-degree burns are life-threatening. They can cause shock.
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If burns are present, follow these four basic care steps:
• Cool the burned area.
• Cover the burned area with dry, sterile dressings.
• Prevent infection.
• Care for shock.
2. Answer the questions to the text:
1. What does the severity of a burn depend on? 2. What are burns classified according to? 3. How many depth classifications of burns are there? 4. Are second-degree burns painful? 5. Third-degree burns are life-threatening, aren’t they?
Grammar
Revise the grammar tenses:
Exercise 1 Open the brackets:
1. Every day we (to go) to the medical school. 2. Yesterday we (to go) to the cinema. 3. Tomorrow I (to come) there at 9 o'clock. 4. The student (to read) now. 4. I (to write) a letter at 5 o'clock yesterday. 5. We (to write) at 2 o'clock tomorrow. 6. They (to finish) their work today. 7. We (to drink) coffee now. 8. He (to give) some medicine to the child by 10 o’clock yesterday. 9. I (to go) to France next month. 10. The doctor (to examine) the patient yesterday at 10 o'clock. 11. He (to write) a letter tomorrow by 7 o'clock. 12. They (to work) for the whole day.
Lesson 12
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