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Лексический практикум по теме «Types of software»
Прочитайте текст и выполните задание к тексту:
A computer to complete a job requires more than just the actual equipment or hardware we see and touch. It requires Software — programs for directing the operation of a computer or electronic data.
Software is the final computer system component. These computer programs instruct the hardware how to conduct processing. The computer is merely a general-purpose machine which requires specific software to perform a given task. Computers can input, calculate, compare, and output data as information. Software determines the order in which these operations are performed.
Programs usually fall in one of two categories: system software and applications software.
System software controls standard internal computer activities. An operating system, for example, is a collection of system programs that aid in the operation of a computer regardless of the application software being used. When a computer is first turned on, one of the systems programs is booted or loaded into the computers memory. This software contains information about memory capacity, the model of the processor, the disk drives to be used, and more. Once the system software is loaded, the applications software can be brought in.
System programs are designed for the specific pieces of hardware. These programs are called drivers and coordinate peripheral hardware and computer activities. User needs to install a specific driver in order to activate a peripheral device. For example, if you intend to buy a printer or a scanner you need to worry in advance about the driver program which, though, commonly goes along with your device. By installing the driver you «teach» your mainboard to «understand* the newly attached part.
Applications software satisfies your specific need. The developers of application software rely mostly on marketing research strategies trying to do their best to attract more users (buyers) to their software. As the productivity of the hardware has increased greatly in recent years, the programmers nowadays tend to include as much as possible in one program to make software interface look more attractive to the user. These class of programs is the most numerous and perspective from the marketing point of view.
Data communication within and between computers systems is handled by system software. Communications software transfers data from one computer system to another. These programs usually provide users with data security and error checking along with physically transferring data between the two computer's memories. During the past five years the developing electronic network communication has stimulated more and more companies to produce various communication software, such as Web-Browsers for Internet.
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Задание №1. Прочитайте текст переведите:
Инструкция по выполнению:
- прочитайте внимательно текст;
- при выполнении заданий обращайтесь к англо-русскому словарю.
Форма отчетности: письменная работа в тетради.
Задание 2. Ответьте на вопросы.
A computer quiz.
1. What computer system makes it possible to send letters very quickly?
2. What system allows computer users around the world to send and to obtain information?
3. What programs provide colourful pictures and sound?
4. What is the name of a computer-created "world", which seems almost completely real?
5. What is a special term, which means "to obtain stored information from a computer's memory"?
6. What do we call a disk on which a large quantity of information can be stored?
7. What do you call a sudden, unexpected computer failure?
8. What is the term for the electrical or electronic components of a computer?
9. What do we call a large collection of data that is stored in a computer system?
10. What is the term for a set of instructions secretly put into a computer that destroys the information stored in it and stops it from working normally?
11. Where on the Internet can you look for information about products and services offered by a company or organisation?
12. What is WWW?
13. What store of information can you easily put into your pocket?
14. What do we call a set of computer programs to control the operation of a computer?
15. What kind of computer can you use on the plane?
Glossary:
access — to find information, especially on a computer
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crash — a complete breakdown of a computer system or program
database — a large amount of information stored in computer system
E-mail (electronic mail) — a system that allows messages to be sent from one computer to another
floppy disk (diskette) — a small removable magnetic disc which is used to store data
hard disk — magnetic disk inside a computer that stores data and programs
hardware — electrical and mechanical parts of a computer system including the screen, the keyboard and the hard disk
laptop — a computer small enough to be held on one's knees for use
multimedia — the combination of sound, graphics and video to present information on a computer
software — programs that run a computer
the Internet — an international network of computers
virtual reality (VR) — the effect produced by using computer images to make places or situations look real when they are not
virus — program secretly introduced into a computer, which makes copies of itself and often damages other programs
web site (site) — a place on the Internet that gives you information about a particular subject or product
World Wide Web — the system (hat stores information for computer users around the world
Инструкция по выполнению:
- прочитайте внимательно вопросы, переведите;
- при выполнении заданий обращайтесь к англо-русскому словарю;
- answer the questions. Use the glossary.
Форма отчетности: письменная работа в тетради
Answers:
1. e-mail
2. Internet
3. multimedia
4. VR
5. access
6. hard disk
7. crash
8. hardware
9. database
10. virus
11. website
12. World Wide Web
13. floppy disk (diskette)
14. software
15. laptop
Практическая работа № 9
Тема: Operating systems.
Цель: учиться читать текст с целью извлечения нужной информации; научиться
Литература: практикум, англо-русские словари
Время выполнения: 2 часа
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