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THE COURT SYSTEM OF ENGLAND AND WALES
The most common type of law court in England and Wales is the magistrates' court.
More serious criminal cases then go to the Crown Court. Civil cases (for example, divorce or bankruptcy cases) are dealt with in County courts.
Appeals are heard by higher courts. For example, appeals from magistrates' courts are heard in the Crown Court. The highest court of appeal in England and Wales is the House of Lords. Certain cases may be referred to the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg.
The legal system also includes juvenile courts (which deal with offenders under seventeen) and coroners' courts (which investigate violent, sudden or unnatural deaths).
2. Укажите значение следующих слов и выражений
magistrates' court
Crown Court
case
County Court
court of appeal
European Court of Justice
juvenile court
violent
coroners' court
to make a decision
investigate
offender
divorce
bankruptcy
certain case
Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы
1. What is the most common type of law courts in England and Wales?
2. What kind of civil cases do you know?
3. Is the House of Lords the highest court of appeal in England and Wales, isn’t it?
4. Where does the European Court of Justice situated in?
5. Which kinds of courts does the legal system consist of?
6. What is the difference between Juvenile courts and Coroners courts?
4. Приведите 2-3 примера различных правонарушений и скажите, в каких судах они должны рассматриваться. Обоснуйте вашу точку зрения.
Вариант 10
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Law-Making Process in the USA.
The US Congress the lawmaking arm of the federal government consists of two houses: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Any congressman or the President may initiate new legislation.
The bill is first introduced in the House of Representatives then referred to one of the standing committees where may be approved, amended or shelft the draft. If the committee passes the bill it is considered by the House of Representatives as a whole. If passed there, it goes to the senate for a similar sequence of committee hearings and general debate.
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In cases of disagreement the House of Representatives and the Senate confer together. Once passed by the Senate as a whole, the bill has to be examined by two more standing committees- the Committee on House Administration and the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration – and is signed by the speaker of the House and by the president of the Senate.
Finally it must be signed by the President who has the right to veto it. If the president vetoes a bill, it can still become a law – but only if it passed by a two-thirds majority in both houses of Congress.
2.Укажите перевод следующих слов и выражений
lawmaking arm
refer
Approve
Amend
Shelft the draft
Similar sequence
Confer
Committee on House Administration
Senate Committee on Rules and Administration
the right to veto
standing committee
3. Дайте ответы на следующие вопросы
1. How many houses does the US Congress consist of?
2. Who may initiate a new legislation?
3. Where does the bill go first?
4. What may the standing committee do?
5. Who may sign the bill?
4. Составьте схему: «Законотворческий процесс в США», расскажите как это происходит, используя схему.
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